Zygomatic sialocele secondary to infarction treated with sialoadenectomy in a dog.

Zygomatic salivary gland disease is not commonly reported in dogs and there is a paucity of literature reporting salivary gland disease secondary to infarction in dogs. A 9-year-old German wirehaired pointer presented with left eye exophthalmos, 3rd eyelid elevation, negative retropulsion, and pain upon opening of the mouth. Computed tomography revealed a mass extending from the left zygomatic salivary gland, consistent with a sialocele. A left-sided zygomatic sialoadenectomy was performed successfully. Histopathologic diagnosis concluded zygomatic salivary gland infarction. The dog had no signs of recurrence 20 mo after surgery. Key clinical message: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report with long-term outcome of a zygomatic sialocele secondary to salivary gland infarction in a dog treated by zygomatic sialoadenectomy via zygomatic osteotomy.

Sialocèle zygomatique secondaire à un infarctus traité par sialoadénectomie chez un chien. Une atteinte des glandes salivaires zygomatiques n'est pas fréquemment rapportée chez le chien et il existe peu de littérature rapportant une maladie des glandes salivaires secondaire à un infarctus chez le chien. Un pointeur allemand à poil dur de 9 ans présentait une exophtalmie de l'oeil gauche, une élévation de la troisième paupière, une rétropulsion négative et une douleur à l'ouverture de la bouche. La tomodensitométrie a révélé une masse s'étendant à partir de la glande salivaire zygomatique gauche, compatible avec une sialocèle. Une sialoadénectomie zygomatique gauche a été réalisée avec succès. Le diagnostic histopathologique a permis de conclure à un infarctus des glandes salivaires zygomatiques. Le chien n'avait aucun signe de récidive 20 mois après la chirurgie.Message clinique clé :À la connaissance des auteurs, il s'agit du premier rapport de cas avec évolution à long terme d'une sialocèle zygomatique secondaire à un infarctus des glandes salivaires chez un chien traité par sialoadénectomie zygomatique via une ostéotomie zygomatique.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).

Patulous Eustachian tube and palatine defect in a Dachshund with chronic unilateral otitis externa and otitis media.

BACKGROUND: Patulous Eustachian tube (pET) is a rare dysfunction of the Eustachian tube described in humans. It is characterized by failure of the ET to close, resulting in unrestricted passage of air, sound and material between the nasopharynx and the middle ear. OBJECTIVE: To report a case of pET associated with otitis in a dog. ANIMAL: A 6-year old-female spayed Dachshund dog. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Otoscopic examination, cytological evaluation, culture and susceptibility, computerized tomography (CT), video-otoscopic flushing and surgery. RESULTS: Left ear otoscopic examination revealed erythema, purulent frothy discharge, ceruminous gland hyperplasia, stenosis and a partial tear of the tympanum. Cytological evaluation from the left external canal showed neutrophils, macrophages, rods and cocci. Aerobic culture showed predominantly multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The CT findings of the left ear included chronic changes in the external canal, marked lysis of the tympanic bulla and marked dilation of the ET. During video-otoscope flushing, saline drained through the mouth. Bilateral incomplete hypoplasia of the soft palate was noted. Total ear canal ablation and bulla osteotomy with ET dissection were curative. Histopathological findings were compatible with chronic otitis externa (OE) and media. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of pET described in animals. The ET dysfunction and palatine defect were likely the cause of the otitis in this dog. Clinicians should investigate pET in animals with signs of OE characterized by frothy liquid and food fragments in the ear canal in addition to sneezing after drinking water.

Perioperative characteristics, histological diagnosis, and outcome in cats undergoing surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism.

OBJECTIVE: To report perioperative characteristics, complications, histopathologic diagnosis and outcome in cats undergoing surgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). STUDY DESIGN: Multi-institutional, retrospective case series. ANIMALS: Thirty-two client-owned cats. METHODS: Medical records of cats treated with surgical removal of 1 or more parathyroid gland(s) with confirmed histopathologic evaluation were reviewed. Cats were divided into preoperative ionized calcium (iCa) groups corresponding to the 33rd, 67th, and 100th percentiles of the preoperative iCa results of the study population. Follow-up consisted of phone conversation with owners or primary veterinarian. RESULTS: Ionized calcium was above reference range in all cats (median 1.8 mmol/L [interquartile range, 1.5-1.9]). Abnormal tissue was excised after cervical exploration in all cats. The most common histopathologic diagnoses were parathyroid adenoma in 20 of 32 (62.5%) cats and parathyroid carcinoma in 7 of 32 (21.9%) cats. At discharge, 6 of 32 (18.8%) cats had hypercalcemia, 5 of 32 (15.6%) had hypocalcemia, and 21 of 32 (65.6%) were normocalcemic. Preoperative iCa did not correlate with postoperative iCa. The median follow-up time was 332 days (range, 7-3156). Overall median survival time was 1109 days (95% CI, 856-1332). Survival time was not associated with preoperative iCa group, hypocalcemia at discharge, hypercalcemia at discharge, or diagnosis of carcinoma. CONCLUSION: In this cohort of cats, parathyroid adenoma was the most common cause of PHPT, and surgical treatment resulted in very good median survival time. Preoperative iCa was not predictive of postoperative hypocalcemia. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Surgical parathyroidectomy for treatment of PHPT in cats provides a favorable prognosis.

Simultaneous staphylectomy and unilateral arytenoid lateralization in dogs presenting for dyspnea: 23 cases (2010-2013).

This retrospective study assesses postoperative complications with simultaneous staphylectomy and unilateral arytenoid lateralization (SP + UAL) in dogs with laryngeal paralysis and concurrent elongation of the soft palate compared to dogs having a UAL alone. Medical records of dogs having a UAL performed from 2010 to 2013 were reviewed. Twenty-three dogs were diagnosed with a concurrent elongated soft palate and had a SP + UAL performed and 89 dogs were diagnosed with an appropriate soft palate and had only a UAL performed. A telephone questionnaire for long-term postoperative outcomes was completed. Survival probability was not statistically different between the 2 groups. Dogs in the SP + UAL group were more likely to be seen for respiratory distress after surgery (P = 0.05). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the number of dogs which developed postoperative aspiration pneumonia. The overall complication rate for both groups was high, with postoperative pneumonia being the most common complication.

Staphylectomie et latéralisation unilatérale de l'arythénoïde simultanées chez des chiens manifestant de la dyspnée : 23 cas (2010­2013). Cette étude rétrospective évalue les complications postopératoires associées à une staphylectomie et à une latéralisation unilatérale de l'arythénoïde (SP + LAU) simultanée chez des chiens atteints de paralysie laryngée et d'allongement concomitant du palais mou comparativement à des chiens atteints seulement de LAU. Les dossiers médicaux de chiens qui avaient subi une LAU de 2010 à 2013 ont été examinés. Vingt-trois chiens ont été diagnostiqués avec un palais mou allongé concomitant et ont subi une SP + LAU et 89 chiens ont été diagnostiqués avec un palais mou conforme et avaient subi seulement une LAU. Un questionnaire téléphonique pour les résultats postopératoires à long terme a été rempli. La probabilité de survie n'était pas statistiquement différente entre les deux groupes. Il était plus probable que les chiens du groupe SP + LAU soient examinés pour une détresse respiratoire après la chirurgie (P = 0,05). Il n'y avait pas de différence statistiquement significative entre les deux groupes quant au nombre de chiens qui ont développé une pneumonie de déglutition postopératoire. Le taux de complication global était élevé pour les deux groupes et la pneumonie postopératoire était la complication la plus fréquente.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).

Clinical results of single-session bilateral medial patellar luxation repair in 26 small breed dogs.

Medical records of 26 small breed dogs treated with single-session bilateral medial patellar luxation repair were reviewed. Excluding dogs with complications associated with cranial cruciate ligament disease, 20/21 dogs with long-term follow-up achieved a complete or acceptable clinical recovery. The complication rate was not increased compared to that previously reported for unilateral patellar luxation repair.

Résultats cliniques de la réparation d'une luxation patellaire médiale bilatérale en une seule séance chez 26 chiens de petites races. Les dossiers médicaux de 26 chiens de petites races ayant subi la réparation d'une luxation patellaire médiale bilatérale en une seule séance ont été évalués. En excluant les chiens avec des complications associées à la maladie du ligament croisé antérieur, un rétablissement clinique complet ou acceptable a été observé chez 20/21 chiens lors d'un suivi à long terme. Le taux de complication n'a pas augmenté comparativement aux résultats antérieurement publiés pour la réparation d'une luxation patellaire unilatérale.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).

Bilateral choanal atresia in a cat.

A 7-month-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat was presented for investigation of stertor, open mouth breathing without apparent distress, and chronic bilateral nasal discharge that was unresponsive to antibiotics. Complete bilateral bony choanal atresia was diagnosed with computed tomography and nasopharyngoscopy. Choanal atresia is an uncommon congenital condition where the choana (nasal passage into the nasopharynx) is blocked by abnormal bone or soft tissue uni- or bilaterally. The cat's clinical signs improved dramatically immediately after trans-palatal surgical correction. Post-surgical complications included the development of nasopharyngeal scar tissue and subsequent stenosis, persistent right-sided nasal discharge, and permanent damage to the right eye (blindness and cataract formation). Nasopharyngeal stenosis was managed with repeated balloon dilatations and temporary stenting, and the owner reported an excellent quality of life at 8-month follow-up. Bilateral bony choanal atresia has not been previously reported in cats. Uni- or bilateral choanal atresia should be considered in young cats presenting with refractory stertor, chronic nasal discharge, and/or open mouth breathing.

Correlation between cytologic and histopathologic diagnoses of bone lesions in dogs: a study of the diagnostic accuracy of bone cytology.

BACKGROUND: The diagnostic value of cytology compared with histopathology varies by tissue, but there is little information regarding this comparison involving canine bone. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this retrospective study was to compare primary pathologic processes for cytology and histopathology of canine bone lesions. We adopted a proposed standardized format for reporting studies of diagnostic accuracy. METHODS: A computer search of canine medical records at the University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center from September 2002 through October 2006 identified 52 bone cytology samples that had incisional (IncB) and/or excisional (ExcB) biopsy performed. The primary pathologic process was determined by evaluation of original reports. Cytologic vs IncB and cytologic vs ExcB were compared pairwise for agreement. Agreement was compared for neoplastic and non-neoplastic processes using the combined IncB/ExcB data, which included all ExcB (n=21) and IncB when that was the only biopsy available (n=31). Combined data were used to determine the effect of cytology cellularity on the diagnostic correlation. RESULTS: The correlation in primary process between cytology and IncB was 71%, and for ExcB was 71%. For lesions with a cytologic diagnosis of neoplasia compared with the combined IncB/ExcB data set, cytology and histopathology agreed in 92% of cases, which was significantly greater (P<.0001, chi2) than the 27% for non-neoplastic processes. Cytology cellularity significantly affected rates of correlation (P=.026), with high, moderate, and poor cellularity samples having concordant primary processes in 88%, 77%, and 47% of cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Cytologic diagnosis of neoplasia for samples collected from canine bone correlates better with histopathology than cytologic diagnosis of non-neoplastic proliferative processes or inflammation. Cytologic diagnoses from highly cellular samples are more likely to correlate with histopathology than those from less cellular samples.

Novel perineal approach for repair of a urethrorectal fistula in a bulldog.

A urethrorectal fistula was diagnosed in a 10-week-old, intact male bulldog, presented with a history of urine dribbling from his anus. The fistula was ligated using a novel perineal approach, resulting in resolution of clinical signs. The described procedure is simpler and less invasive than previously described repairs.