Factors Affecting Diasporic Women's Quality of Life: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This literature review assesses the factors that influence the quality of life of migrant women in the diasporic with the goal of improving their quality of life and creating more supportive social adjustment in the public health field. Methods: The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched the databases of Scopus, PubMed, SAGE journal, Springer, and Google Scholar for scientific articles on the quality of life of diasporic and migrant women. We screened and removed duplicates, analyzed the full text of the articles to identify potentially relevant studies, and extracted data from matched articles. Results: The literature search yielded 34 articles. Only 10 articles that met all inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review after peer review. Conclusion: The literature shows that the quality of life of diasporic women is influenced by four main factors: sociodemographic predictors, social adjustment predictors, health-related predictors, and psychological predictors. Identifying them is important to improve quality of life and find the right solutions to improve the quality of life of marginalized groups in society. To improve the quality of life for diasporic women, I suggest implementing government policies such as language education, vocational training, stronger protection laws, and better healthcare access. Additionally, establishing cultural exchange and networking programs is crucial for fostering cultural understanding.

Probiotic Functions in Fermented Foods: Anti-Viral, Immunomodulatory, and Anti-Cancer Benefits.

Fermented foods can provide many benefits to our health. These foods are created by the action of microorganisms and help support our digestive health and immune system. Fermented foods include yogurt, kimchi, pickles, kefir, beer, wine, and more. Fermented foods contain probiotics, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), yeast, organic acids, ethanol, or antimicrobial compounds, which help balance the gut microbiome and improve digestive health. Fermented foods can also benefit your overall health by increasing the diversity of your gut microbiome and reducing inflammation. By routinely consuming fermented foods with these benefits, we can continue to improve our health. Probiotics from fermented foods are beneficial strains of bacteria that are safe for human health and constitute an important component of human health, even for children and the elderly. Probiotics can have a positive impact on your health, especially by helping to balance your gut microbiome and improve digestive health. Probiotics can also boost your immune system and reduce inflammation, which can benefit your overall health. Probiotics, which can be consumed in the diet or in supplement form, are found in many different types of foods and beverages. Research is continuing to investigate the health effects of probiotics and how they can be utilized. The potential mechanisms of probiotics include anti-cancer activity, preventing and treating immune system-related diseases, and slowing the development of Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. This is due to the gut-brain axis of probiotics, which provides a range of health benefits beyond the digestive and gastrointestinal systems. Probiotics reduce tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukins through the nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. They have been shown to protect against colon cancer and colitis by interfering with the adhesion of harmful bacteria in the gut. This article is based on clinical and review studies identified in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar, and a systematic review of clinical studies was performed.

Anticancer Potential of Flavonoids: Their Role in Cancer Prevention and Health Benefits.

The term "flavonoid" encompasses a group of plant compounds, predominantly flavonoids, present in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based foods. These compounds deliver significant health benefits, including potent antioxidant properties that protect cells from free radicals, thereby mitigating aging and disease. We assessed study quality and bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Inclusion criteria specified that the studies must examine a natural flavonoid from fruits, must involve animal or human trials, must be original studies, and must be English articles on the flavonoid's health and cancer-prevention effects, excluding conference abstracts and single-case studies. We conducted a comprehensive search of major databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, reviewing six clinical trials with total sample sizes of over 50 to 1500 participants. The results indicate that consuming flavonoid-rich fruits can aid in cancer prevention by targeting angiogenic and cancer-protective pathways. We specifically selected tomatoes, mulberries, Amazon grapes, apples, and citrus fruits due to their well-documented high levels of flavonoids and the robust clinical evidence supporting their physiological effects. In particular, citrus fruits contain additional beneficial phytochemicals that complement the action of flavonoids, enhancing their overall health effects. The anti-cancer mechanisms of flavonoids are not well-defined in the scientific literature, suggesting a gap that this study aims to address. Our study provides novel contributions by demonstrating how flavonoid supplementation induces anti-cancer effects through angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory actions, antioxidant-induced apoptosis, and modulation of pathways like PI3K/Akt and MAPK. These effects were particularly notable in the prevention and progression of breast, colon, liver, and lung cancers, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). By elucidating specific mechanisms and pathways, this study contributes to the understanding of flavonoids' role in cancer prevention and underscores the potential for developing natural anti-cancer therapeutics through the inclusion of flavonoid-rich fruits in the diet. Future research should focus on randomized controlled trials assessing long-term effects of flavonoid supplementation in diverse populations, exploring optimal dosages, and understanding interactions with conventional cancer therapies to provide comprehensive evidence for clinical applications.

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Giant-Cell Arteritis: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Giant-cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common type of vasculitis in the elderly and is associated with high risks of visual loss and recurrence. Owing to its rarity in Asian populations, the current clinical interventions for these patients are not well known. Here we aimed to characterize the current management status of patients with GCA using Korean multicenter data. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed medical records of patients with GCA at six Korean university hospitals from February 2009 to November 2022. GCA had originally been diagnosed based on the 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, and cases were selected for inclusion in this study based on the 2022 ACR/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria. We evaluated treatments, follow-up periods, and outcomes (relapse, remission, and adverse drug reactions) in patients with GCA with or without arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION). RESULTS: This study analyzed 18 patients with a median age of 75.5 years that included 12 females (66.7%). Seven patients (38.8%) had AAION. All patients initially received prednisolone treatment, while four (22.2%) underwent adjuvant treatment with methotrexate and azathioprine during prednisolone tapering. During the median follow-up of 3.5 months (interquartile range: 2.0-23.2 months), 4 patients (22.2%) had prednisolone-related adverse reactions, 2 (11.1%) relapsed, and 13 (72.3%) dropped out. Nine patients (50.0%) experienced remission, with this being sustained in four (36.4%). CONCLUSIONS: This study observed high dropout rates and short follow-ups. Adverse effects of prednisolone were common, and relapses occurred in approximately one-tenth of Korean patients with GCA. Thus, optimizing GCA treatment necessitates regular monitoring and long-term follow-up.

Utilization of smart devices and the evolution of customized healthcare services focusing on big data: a systematic review.

Background: Currently, smart devices can prevent diseases by continuously collecting user information and providing health-related feedback. Smart devices big data provide personalized, faster, and more accurate health care. By examining existing studies, we suggest a new healthcare evolution and health promotion through information technology (IT) convergence. A big data systematic review examined the evolution of new health care and their potential for health promotion by monitoring physical activities, preventing diseases, and analyzing health data smart devices. Methods: Therefore, this evaluates whether a new healthcare industry combining smart devices and big-data-based customized health care services can promote health. This study searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) for keywords related to big data, smart devices, healthcare, customized health services, health apps, and mobile health. This study comprised 43 of 453 publications from 2007 to 2023. Among them, a total of 43 articles were successfully completed in this study using the PRISMA flowchart in the final stage. Results: Smart devices centered on big data enable personalized health care, and app technologies that promote well-being to prepare for aging society have many applications in clinical, prevention, public health, and rehabilitation settings. Smart devices and tailored healthcare services using big data to inform individuals about exercise, health status, diagnosis, and health information will expand into major sectors. By reviewing previous studies, the convergence of the IT technology field, which allows you to easily identify individual health and receive faster and more accurate medical services through customized health care services, has future-oriented values as, new health care services evolve. The systematic review of big data herein can monitor physical activity and prevent diseases using smart devices, thus promoting a healthy lifestyle. Conclusions: Smart devices that analyze data to provide personal exercise and health conditions, checkups, and information, are making our lives easier. The information service using big data will continue to evolve into a personalized management service and provide basic healthcare data as it grows into an expected industry in the future.

Characteristics of choice and satisfaction regarding the use of ultraviolet blockers in the golf population in Republic of Korea: A quantitative study.

Background and Aims: Korea's golf population surpassed 5 million (5.15 million) as of 2020 according to data analyzed by Shinhan Financial Investment in 2021. Due to the continuous increase in the golf population, it is necessary to study the use of specific sunscreens. Men and women are using sunscreen selective attributes based on the actual use and perception of sunscreens for life. A questionnaire survey was conducted for an analysis of the effect of product satisfaction. Methods: Statistical processing of materials collected by the data analysis method is analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science WIN 25.0 statistical package program through the process of data coding and data cleaning. Results: This exercise was done under 3-4 h of strong ultraviolet (UV) rays, so products that have ensured the durability of UV protection are needed. Among the demographic characteristics of the golf population, gender, age, academic background, occupation, marriage status, and monthly income were investigated, and it was confirmed that the information path of a particular product was affected by the choice of purchase, increasing satisfaction and repurchase. Conclusion: An analysis of the paper's survey showed that men's awareness and interest in sunscreens increased. It is expected that differentiated strategies will be needed for products that match the actual conditions and aptitudes of the effective golf population.

Considering the risk of a coloring shampoo with the function of gray hair cover cosmetology and skin barrier: A systematic review.

Background and Aims: As the number of demanders who want to easily cover gray hair increases, the demand market is rapidly expanding along with the demand for coloring shampoos that can be dyed while shampooing. Among these coloring shampoo ingredients, it is necessary to differentiate products that are safe and harmless to the human body in consideration of hair loss or skin barrier problems caused by trihydroxybenzene (THB) ingredients. The correct selection criteria were presented by examining the problems, effectiveness, and side effects when used in relation to the skin barrier through previous studies by consideration of the ingredients of the coloring shampoo and the skin barrier of the scalp. Methods: The analysis of this study looked at previous studies through a systematic literature review through related keywords for coloring shampoo. After reviewing 150-200 related prior papers, a total of 39 review papers were finally selected using the PRISMA flow diagram. Results: It was confirmed through a literature review that the coloring shampoo containing THB, which is harmful to the human body, has a detrimental effect on the scalp-skin barrier. Conclusion: This study examined the harmfulness of coloring shampoo on the scalp skin barrier. It was confirmed that frequent coloring shampoo procedures can have various harmful effects on the scalp. Therefore, it is important to reduce side effects caused by the use of harmful ingredients and maintain a healthy scalp condition through analysis of sufficient scalp conditions and consultation with experts. In addition, various studies on the standard standards and age for harmful ingredients are suggested.

Trends in eyebrow makeup after COVID-19 and long-COVID era.

Background and Objectives: The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, which began in 2019, is threatening millions of people around the world. Coronavirus, a severe acute respiratory syndrome, made it mandatory to wear masks, it was carried out through public awareness and review of changes in cosmetics. Methods: This literature review paper was written by referring to keywords such as "Eyebrow," "Permanent Make-up," "Microblading," "Make-up," and "COVID-19." The study selected a total of 485 references using representative journal search sites such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, RISS, DBPia, and CrossRef, of which a total of 43 papers were selected at the final stage from 2000 to 2022 using PRISMA flow diagram. Results: With the wearing of a mask due to COVID-19, we are paying attention to the change in the makeup trend caused by the preference for easy eye makeup. Conclusions: This narrative review understands that eyebrow makeup has a significant impact on human images due to changes in makeup methods after the COVID-19 pandemic. It is expected to be used as important data for the rapidly growing semi-permanent makeup market.

Clinical and Radiological Features of Korean Patients With Anti-HMGCR Myopathy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To understand the characteristics of Korean patients with anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenxyme A reductase (HMGCR) myopathy, we measured anti-HMGCR antibodies and analyzed the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of patients with anti-HMGCR myopathy. METHODS: We measured titers of anti-HMGCR antibodies in the sera of 99 patients with inflammatory myopathy, 36 patients with genetic myopathy, and 63 healthy subjects using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We tested 16 myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) in all patients with anti-HMGCR myopathy. RESULTS: Positivity for the anti-HMGCR antibody was observed in 17 (4 males and 13 females) of 99 patients with inflammatory myopathy. The median age at symptom onset was 60 years. Ten (59%) of the patients with anti-HMGCR positivity had taken statins. The titer of anti-HMGCR antibodies was significantly higher in the statin-naïve group (median=230 U/mL, interquartile range=170-443 U/mL) than in the statin-exposed group (median=178 U/mL, interquartile range=105-210 U/mL, p=0.045). The most common symptom was proximal muscle weakness in 15 patients (88%), followed by myalgia in 9 (53%), neck weakness in 4 (24%), dysphagia in 3 (18%), and skin lesions in 2 (12%). The median titer of anti-HMGCR antibody was 202 U/mL. We found eight different MSAs in nine (53%) patients. The median disease duration from symptom onset to diagnosis was significantly shorter in the MSA-positive group than in the MSA-negative group (p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Our study was the first to measure anti-HMGCR antibodies in inflammatory myopathy. It has provided new findings, including the suggestion of the coexistence of other MSAs in Korean patients.

Clinical pitfalls and serological diagnostics of MuSK myasthenia gravis.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for anti-muscle specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) antibody (Ab) in a large cohort of anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) Ab-negative generalized myasthenia gravis (MG), and also to investigate clinical contexts for the diagnosis of MuSK MG. METHODS: A retrospective study of 160 patients with a clinical suspicion of AChR Ab-negative generalized MG was performed. The serum samples were tested for anti-clustered AChR Ab by cell-based assay (CBA), anti-MuSK Ab by ELISA, CBA and/or radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA). Clinical data were compared between anti-MuSK Ab-positive MG and double seronegative (AChR and MuSK) MG groups. RESULTS: After excluding non-MG and clustered AChR Ab-positive patients, we identified 89 patients as a cohort of AChR Ab-negative generalized MG. Anti-MuSK Ab was positive by ELISA in 22 (24.7%) patients. While CBA identified five additional anti-MuSK Ab-positive patients, the results of ELISA were mostly consistent with CBA and RIPA with Cohen's kappa of 0.80 and 0.90, respectively (p < 0.001). The most frequent differential diagnosis was motor neuron disease particularly of bulbar onset which showed remarkably overlapping clinical and electrophysiological features with MuSK MG at presentation. CONCLUSION: While confirming the highest sensitivity of CBA for detecting anti-MuSK Ab, our results highlight the clinical pitfalls in making a diagnosis of MuSK MG and may support a diagnostic utility of MuSK-ELISA in clinical practice.

The structural relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment of beauty industry employees.

BACKGROUND: Based on the analysis results that can further enhance organizational satisfaction and response to changes in the employment environment of cosmetic employees and workers through organizational commitment and turnover intention of cosmetic. OBJECTIVES: This research paper empirically analyzed changes in employment environment due to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic and 4th industrial revolution and the effect of employees and job satisfaction on turnover intention in the cosmetic industry, and sought measures necessary for conflict management in industrial sites. METHODS: A self-report questionnaire was conducted on 508 cosmetic implementers. Statistical processing of the data collected by the data analysis method was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) WIN23.0 statistical package program through data coding and data organizing process. RESULTS: Changes in the employment environment were found to have a significant effect on job satisfaction (t = -11.728, p < 0.05). Changes in the employment environment were found to have a significant effect on organizational commitment, which is a dependent variable (t = -9.476, p < 0.05). Changes in the employment environment and job satisfaction were found to have a significant effect on organizational commitment, and this regression model was found to be statistically significant (F = 67.703, p < 0.05). Job satisfaction showed a significant positive (+) effect on organizational commitment rather than the employment environment (t = 6.235, p < 0.05). As a result, it was found that the organizational commitment and job satisfaction of cosmetic employees and workers affected their turnover intentions due to changes in the employment environment due to the 4th industrial revolution and the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION: This study focused on the relationship between employment environment changes in the cosmetic industry due to the recent 4th industrial revolution and the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment of cosmetic employees on turnover intention. Based on the results of the analysis that can further increase the organizational commitment and search for job satisfaction of cosmetic employers and workers, we intend to establish the identity of cosmetic industry organizations nationwide and raise community awareness. This study will help the development and growth of the cosmetic industry by providing basic data that can be reborn as a better cosmetic service organization.

A 'health message' on sustainable physical and mental health for the prolonged COVID-19 and other pandemics.

The world has been living with another pandemic physical inactivity (PI) and sedentary behavior (SB) and of other nature for years. As social measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have been strengthened, the physical activity (PA) barrier has been hit and the PI/SB pandemic has been exacerbated, and in the current situation, triggered by its prolonged period, it is emerging as a problem to be considered in order to combat the PI/SB pandemic through PA and to maintain continuous physical and mental health. This review aims to summarize existing and recent studies on the effects of PA/SB on physical and mental health in preparation for the context of prolonged COVID-19 and provides an easy and fun way to motivate, access PA, and PA recommendations for maintaining physical and mental health. We performed search strategies on PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, and used a literature review of the current available literature on the COVID-19 and the effects of PI, SB, and PA on physical and mental health. The clinical relevance of this review shows that integrating PA into daily life and reducing prolonged sitting time is an important strategy for continuing a healthy life physically and mentally. As a result, for those who have not yet incorporated exercise as part of their daily routine, fun and easy access to PA suggests that in the long run, may be an opportunity to implement newer habits. In addition, in an emergency such as the COVID-19 quarantine period or other pandemics, it is essential for one to maintain health through PA at home, and underscore the 'health message' of the current review that reducing SB, progressively increasing PA, and doing more PA regularly in the current context prolonged COVID-19 can bring significant benefits to long-term habits and physical and mental health.

Rethinking of positive effects of eggs on hair in East Asia.

BACKGROUND: Our bodies are a collection of nutrients. For healthy body production and activities, good nutrients must be balanced and supplied steadily. However, as modern people eat more irregular meals and fast food, they are running out of nutrients needed by the human body. As a result, research was conducted on the effect of eggs with good cost-effectiveness on the human body and hair. PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to review the literature investigated to convey knowledge of the positive nutrients of modern people's nutrition and eggs. METHODS: These data were reviewed to identify agreement between each section and the unique guiding area. Regarding the survey criteria, it was finally decided that 31 papers were suitable for evaluating the purpose of research as follows. PRISMA flowcharts allow you to determine the number of records identified, included, and excluded. RESULTS: Eggs are considered the most cost-effective foods that deliver protein, biotin, choline, and vitamin A to the world, and eggs that can be easily consumed are known as nutritional foods because they contain protein, lipids, minerals, and embryonic development growth factors. It is widely consumed as a food that can be eaten by anyone, including the elderly and children. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, eggs can be used as important data for modern people by delivering nutrients to the human body and hair of modern people and understanding positive nutrients.

Motivation for improving academic achievement in cosmetological education.

Background and Objective: Before and after the fandom, the pattern of education has difficulty in accepting the requirements of the MZ generation with very intense changes. Individual differences between students and different educational environments have more difficulties with the addition of practical subjects than general students. In this study of the purpose, after coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), the change in demand was described for the factors that influence the motivation necessary in current beauty education for diversity in education methods of MZ generation. Methods: These thesis studies are literature reviews, and for this purpose, a narrative review approach was used. A total of 200-300 references were selected and reviewed, and a total of papers were finally selected as of 2010-2022 using the PRISMA flow diagram. Results: With the emergence of diversity in education, online education is showing its power. In beauty education, the need for education of practical subjects has emerged and is the basis for providing more skilled skills in the field. This review paper conducted a comprehensive study on the motivational factors that will be the basis for the improved academic achievement of the MZ generation on the changes in education after COVID-19. Conclusion: This literature review revealed the needs of the subjects of K-education to be seen after the post-COVID era and the factors of learning motivation required in the beauty distance education of the MZ generation. In addition, the global status of K-beauty workers has confirmed that new changes with beauty and intelligence are being born as well as simple technical, and it is expected to be used as an important material for beauty distance education.

Effects of perceived quality on consumer attitudes and satisfaction: Focus on lip products.

BACKGROUND: Growth of national and economic development industrial and economic standards has raised women's social status, and the consumption value of aesthetic pursuit, which is the mainstream among women's diverse needs as consumers, has been increasing in quantities. AIM: This study attempted to investigate what are the consumer selection criteria for lip products represented by the lipstick effect that creates continuous demand even in the COVID-19 era, and the main factors driving the continuous demand for lip products. METHODS: We collected research data through a survey targeting 600 male and female consumers who had purchased lip products through online/offline stores during the COVID-19 period (2020-2021) in Korea. RESULTS: As a result of examining the effect of perceived quality on consumer attitude formation on lip products, the factors of usability sensitivity and price had a positive effect on consumer attitude formation. Consumer awareness of lip products naturally acts as a bridge to consumer satisfaction. CONCLUSION: This study focused on consumers' perception and potential for development of lip products whose demand has rather rebounded due to the lipstick effect during the COVID-19 crisis. It is thought that this will act as a positive mechanism for the formation of a favorable attitude toward lip products by consumers.

Future perspective safe cosmetics: Focused on associated with ISO natural organic index.

BACKGROUND: As we enter the era of long COVID, recent studies on the relationship between coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and skin are being conducted from various angles. Awareness of the safety of healthy skin is increasing. OBJECTIVES: Therefore, in this study, we empirically analyzed safe cosmetics, natural cosmetics, and organic cosmetics, which have recently become a critical issue. METHODS: Keywords such as 'long COVID', 'COVID-19 Skin', 'ISO Natural Organic Index', 'edible', 'safe cosmetics', 'natural cosmetics', and 'organic cosmetics' were searched and created. This study was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Riss, Scopus, and ResearchGate. Accordingly, a total of 689 papers were studied. This paper was successfully completed using a total of 41 references in this study using PRISMA flow diagram. RESULTS: In the long COVID era, customers in the beauty and cosmetics market will have to apply ISO natural organic ingredients to the cosmetics and beauty industry, reflecting consumer demand for edible ingredients for safety issues. Therefore, it will be able to provide new strategy and implications for a safer cosmetic market that values health and beauty. CONCLUSION: Therefore, in this literature review, interest in skin has increased due to the long corona, and it was determined that changes in the cosmetic market would be necessary by using the ISO natural organic index for the consumer's desire for healthy skin. Therefore, in this article, in the future development of eco-friendly organic cosmetics, in line with the natural and environment-friendly changes reminiscent of the efficacy or ingredients of products, it is necessary to develop cosmetics using the ISO natural organic index that meets the needs of consumers and a differentiated strategy.

A cross-sectional study on the use of big data for the past H1N1 influenza epidemic in obesity after COVID-19: Focused on the body slimming cream and leptin via DTC gene test.

BACKGROUND: Based on the big data of 2010, 2011, and 2012, when H1N1 influenza was prevalent around the world in the past, this study investigated the obesity rate, weight change, and dietary methods of Korean dieters based on the historical situation of the past H1N1 influenza epidemic in Republic of Korea. This is intended to be the data for utilizing the prognostic evaluation of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE: After COVID-19, research on obesity should be conducted systematically, and to prevent obesity, nutrition education, customized inner beauty & cosmetics, and the development of body slimming cream and leptin for proper diet should be done at the national level. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between methods of weight control, generation, and gender, which have not yet been evaluated in the Korean adult population. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was comprised of 25 534 Korean who participated in the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) conducted in 2010, 2011, and 2012. RESULTS: A 17 876 of the 19 375 respondents 20 years of age or older in the KNHNES answered about diet method. Two thousand and fifty-seven (15.63%) men and 4134 (25.77%) women thought of themselves as fat. However, 11 973 people (66.96%) did not change weight in the past year, 2536 people (14.19%) had increase in weight, and 3.164 (17.70%) reduced weight. A total of 7176 people (48.11%) indicated that they attempted to reduce weight through exercising, while 5553 people (37.23%) did so through reduced food intake. CONCLUSIONS: This study was based on big data at the time of the H1N1 influenza epidemic in Korean population. The results of the present study will be helpful in the development of the body slimming cream and leptin via direct to consumer (DTC) gene test (GT) due to the rapid increase in obesity due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Current therapeutic insights regarding problematic fingernails and toenails in the Republic of Korea.

BACKGROUND: Problematic nails and toenails are infected by germs and increasingly have many causes. AIMS: To investigate the types and treatment of problematic nails and toenails, we focused on bacteria that may appear in problematic nail toenail symptoms. METHODS: We have searched for PubMed and Google Scholar and correlated the words Onychomycosis, Tinea ungium, Melanonychia, and ingrown toenail related to symptoms. RESULTS: To measure onychomycosis, KOH tests and fungal culture tests will be used. Treatment can be treated with full-body treatment using anti-fungal agents and local treatment (laser therapy) that can minimize the side effects. A biopsy should be performed when Melanonychia is diagnosed with brown or black pigments on the patient's fingernail plate. Moreover, ingrown toenail surgical treatment can be improved by acquired lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS: There are many different types of treatments, but many studies show that problematic nail and toenail improvement periods are long and treatment success rates are low.

Anti-bacterial effects of functional cosmetics containing silver ions (Ag+ ) on problematic toenails in Republic of Korea.

BACKGROUND: Problematic toenails caused by various diseases that are infected by various bacteria are discolored or deformed if left unattended for a long time are gradually increasing in modern society. Accordingly, the present study examines the anti-bacterial effects of LCN products, focused on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Trichophyton rubrum, which can appear in problematic toenail symptoms. After the treatment, a significant anti-bacterial effect occurring on problematic toenails when a product containing silver ion (Ag+ ) will be analyzed. METHODS: The anti-bacterial activity of LCN functional gel products in anti-fungal and/or anti-bacterial potency was confirmed by the paper disk method against two strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Trichophyton rubum). RESULTS: From July 2019 to October 2019, 30 men and women in their 20s and 50s who needed to manage problematic toenails in Wonju city, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea, were asked to use LCN products once every two weeks. After 4 months, changes in the managed toenails were observed. Both products showed very good anti-microbial activity against, Trichophyton rubum but a very weak one against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CONCLUSION: As a result of this study, although there was a difference between individuals, the feet treated with LCN products showed effective anti-bacterial activity against topical anti-bacterial effects.