[First experience of using cardiorespiratory load testing to assess the functional status of the patient in the pre-operational period].

In anesthetics practice exist different scales and indexes, _through which the evaluation functional condition of the patient. The disadvantage of these scales and tests are subjective evaluation as a condition of the patient, who is able to re-evaluate their functionality and anaesthesiologist, co-tory may underestimate the presence of comorbidities and patient complications in the postoperative period. The method of improvement of objective assessment of the patient's functional reserves, of a cardiorespiratory exercise testing is given. The methodology of testing in 18 patients, who were later performed surgery on the abdominal organs. The definition-of anaerobic threshold was conducted using V-slope method. In all cases was reached and was 11,1 (10,1; 12) mI/kg/min. Maximum oxygen consumption was 15,7 (15,2; 18,3) ml/kg/min. The results show the possibility of using the selected duct la research to predict possible complications and post-operative period.

[ULTRASOUND IN ANESTHESIOLOGY AND INTENSIVE CARE: WHAT TO TEACH?]

Despite the fact that there is a wealth of experience of using ultrasound in medicine, its application in anesthesiology and critical care began relatively recently Ultrasound navigation can improve the quality of the invasive procedures. There were developed special protocols for critically ill patients, which helps to obtain the diagnosis at the bedside. Therefore all the world's leading societies and associations recommend to include the training of ultrasound technology in the education program for anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists. Society for Ultrasound in Anaesthesia recommended to acquire six competencies: ultrasound monitoring of the respiratory tract in anesthesiology and critical care medicine; ultrasound monitoring of the pleura and the lungs; focused echocardiography and intraoperative monitoring; catheterization of blood vessels under the control of ultrasound; ultrasound monitoring ofcritically ill patients; ultrasound navigation for regional anesthesia. Resident physician should have skills for ultrasound assistance during catheterization central veins and for ultrasound monitoring in critical ill patients to the extent of FAST protocol (level ofpractical skill "to be able'). Other topics should being studied at the level "to know". It is reasonable to hone practical skills on these competences as part ofpostgraduate continuing education program to the extent that is needed for specialist at his workplace.

[Diagnostics of pneumothorax with ultrasound].

The article deals with a method of pneumothorax diagnostics based on verification of four ultrasound sings--lung sliding absence, B-lines absence, lung pulse absence and lung point presence. Use of ultrasound allows to quickly diagnose a pneumothorax and to monitor the condition of pleural space. Introduction of the ultrasound methods into routine work ICU specialists can increase safety of patients.

[Changes in the oxidant-antioxidant system activity in patients with hepatic failure treated with hyperbaric oxygenation and actoprotectors]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti oksidantno-antioksidantnoi sistemy pod vliianiem giperbaricheskoi oksigenatsii i aktoprotektorov u bol'nykh s pechenochnoi nedostatochnost'iu.

Effects of hyperbaric oxygenation, bemitil, and solcoseryl used in preoperative treatment of patients with hepatic failure on the oxidant-antioxidant system are studied. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was assessed from changes in the levels of malonic dialdehyde and diene conjugate and the antioxidant system from the number of SH-groups. Hyperbaric oxygenation led to activation of LPO processes. Bemitil decreased the intensity of LPO by extending the potentialities of the antioxidant system. Antioxidant properties of solcoseryl were not realized through the thiol buffer of the antioxidant system. Only a course of treatment with this drug brings about a stable effect.