Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en Aragón y variaciones según condicionantes de salud / Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón and variations according to health determinants

Introducción: La obesidad infantil constituye un grave problema de salud global en continuo aumento en todo el mundo. Muchos estudios señalan que determinados factores socioeconómicos están relacionados con el desarrollo de obesidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en Aragón, calculadas según los estándares de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y estudiar su relación con factores socioeconómicos. Material y métodos: Se recopiló información sobre la totalidad de la población infantil de Aragón entre dos y 14 años y cada individuo fue clasificado como normopeso, sobrepeso u obesidad según su índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se obtuvieron las prevalencias por provincias y zonas básicas de salud (ZBS). Utilizamos el índice de privación (IP) de Aragón como marcador de la situación socioeconómica. Resultados: La muestra final estuvo constituida por 161.335 niños (51%) y niñas (49%) de dos a 14 años. La prevalencia global de sobrecarga ponderal (SP) fue de 31,1% (17,7% sobrepeso y 13,3% obesidad), siendo significativamente mayor en niños. Detectamos un porcentaje elevado (65%) de infrarregistro en la historia clínica.Se encontró una relación directa entre el IP y la prevalencia de obesidad y SP en todo Aragón, con una fuerte correlación significativa en zonas urbanas, en las que los factores socioeconómicos llegan a explicar hasta 66,4% de la obesidad y 48,9% de la SP total. Conclusiones: En Aragón, la prevalencia de obesidad y SP es elevada y está relacionada con una situación socioeconómica familiar desfavorable. (AU)

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a serious global health problem that is continuously increasing worldwide. Many studies suggest that socioeconomic factors are related to the development of obesity. The objective of our study was to analyse the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón, calculated applying the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, and to study its association with socioeconomic factors. Material and methods: We collected data for the entire paediatric population of Aragón aged 2–14 years. We classified each child as normal weight, overweight or obese based on the body mass index. We calculated prevalences by province and basic health care zone. To analyse differences in relation to social inequalities, we used the Aragón deprivation index as an indicator of socioeconomic status. Results: The final sample consisted of 161 335 children aged 2–14 years, 51% male and 49% female. The overall prevalence of excess weight was 31.1% (17.7% overweight and 13.3% obesity) and was significantly higher in boys. We found a high frequency of under-recording in health records (65%). There was a direct association between the deprivation index and the prevalence of obesity and overweight throughout Aragón, with a significant strong correlation in urban areas, where socioeconomic factors explained up to 66.4% of obesity and 48.9% of body weight excess. Conclusions: In Aragón, the prevalence of obesity and excess weight is high and associated with low family socioeconomic status. (AU)

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón and variations according to health determinants.

INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is a serious global health problem that is continuously increasing worldwide. Many studies suggest that socioeconomic factors are related to the development of obesity. The objective of our study was to analyse the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Aragón, calculated applying the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, and to study its association with socioeconomic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected data for the entire paediatric population of Aragón aged 2-14 years. We classified each child as normal weight, overweight or obese based on the body mass index. We calculated prevalences by province and basic health care zone. To analyse differences in relation to social inequalities, we used the Aragón deprivation index as an indicator of socioeconomic status. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 161 335 children aged 2-14 years, 51% male and 49% female. The overall prevalence of excess weight was 31.1% (17.7% overweight and 13.3% obesity) and was significantly higher in boys. We found a high frequency of under-recording in health records (65%). There was a direct association between the deprivation index and the prevalence of obesity and overweight throughout Aragón, with a significant strong correlation in urban areas, where socioeconomic factors explained up to 66.4% of obesity and 48.9% of body weight excess. CONCLUSIONS: In Aragón, the prevalence of obesity and excess weight is high and associated with low family socioeconomic status.