RESUMEN
Schistosomiasis or bilharzia is a widespread parasitic disease caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma. Some factors have been investigated previously regarding their effect on the pathophysiological mechanism of human schistosomiasis, but the possible influence of the ABO blood group on the severity of Schistosoma infection has been the most promising. Hence, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to further investigate the association of the ABO blood group with schistosomiasis susceptibility. Selected publications were retrieved from PubMed up to 21 August 2018, for related studies written in English. Number of cases (with schistosomiasis) and controls (without schistosomiasis) were extracted across all ABO blood types. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed, pooled and interpreted. Subgroup analysis by the species of Schistosoma infecting the population and the participants' ethnicity was also performed. The overall analysis revealed heterogeneity in the outcomes, which warranted the identification of the cause using the Galbraith plot. Post-outlier outcomes of the pooled ORs show that individuals who are not blood type O are more susceptible (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.17-1.67; PA < 0.001) to schistosomiasis than those who are blood type O (OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.60-0.85; PA < 0.001). Subgroup analysis yielded the same observations regardless of the species of schistosome and the ethnicity of the participants. Results of this meta-analysis suggest that individuals who are blood type B and A are more susceptible to schistosomiasis than those who are blood type O. However, more studies are needed to confirm our claims.
Asunto(s)
Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/inmunología , Schistosoma/fisiología , Esquistosomiasis/parasitología , Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/genética , Animales , Tipificación y Pruebas Cruzadas Sanguíneas , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Schistosoma/genética , Schistosoma/aislamiento & purificación , Esquistosomiasis/genética , Esquistosomiasis/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The lactococcin B (LnB) is a hydrophobic, positively charged bacteriocin, produced by Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris 9B4. It consists of a peptidic chain made up of 47 amino acid residues, and inhibits Lactococcus exclusively. In order to study its biological activity a synthetic lactococcin B (LnBs) was obtained by solid-phase chemical synthesis using a Fmoc strategy. LnBs was shown to be indistinguishable from the natural peptide. In addition, a synthetic (7-47) LnBst analogue was obtained by withdrawal of peptidyl-resin after the 41 cycle of LnBs peptide chain assembly. The synthetic N-terminal truncated (7-47) LnBst analogue was found to be inactive on indicator strains. Our results strongly suggest that the first six N-terminal amino acid residues are involved in the bactericidal activity of LnB.
Asunto(s)
Bacteriocinas/síntesis química , Bacteriocinas/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos/genética , Aminoácidos/genética , Bacteriocinas/química , Bacteriocinas/aislamiento & purificación , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Fluorenos , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Lactococcus lactis/química , Lactococcus lactis/genética , Lactococcus lactis/fisiología , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Péptidos/síntesis química , Péptidos/química , Péptidos/genética , Estructura Secundaria de Proteína/genética , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de Proteína , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Extracción en Fase Sólida/métodosRESUMEN
The authors report a very rare case of lipome extended to the superficial and deep lobes of parotid gland. MRI remains the best complementary examination to direct the diagnosis; however only the surgery will bring a histological proof formal.