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This study aimed to clarify how microclimate diversity altered volatilomics in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines. Four row-oriented vineyards were selected, and metabolites of grapes and wines were determined from separate canopy sides. Results showed that shaded sides received 59% of the solar radiation and experienced 55% of the high-temperature days compared to the exposed sides on average. Grape primary metabolites were slightly affected by the canopy side. Herbaceous aromas were consistently more abundant in grapes and wines from shaded clusters. Heat-stressed canopy sides accelerated terpenoid loss and increased norisoprenoid levels in grapes, while ß-damascenone in north-side wines was 13%-32% higher than that in south-side wines of the east-west vineyard. The northeast-southwest vineyard showed the most notable variation in taste and aroma sensory scores, with four parameters significantly different. There were 32 aroma series identified in wines, and banana, pineapple, and strawberry odors were highly correlated with aroma sensory score.
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BACKGROUND: Currently, there is a scarcity of cases and diagnostic data regarding ectopic adrenocortical adenomas, particularly in relation to their impact on gonadal function and localization diagnostic techniques. We report a typical case of ectopic adrenocortical adenomas and the data of treatment follow-up, and review the literature of 31 available cases of ectopic adrenocortical adenomas. CASE PRESENTATION: A 27-year-old Chinese female patient was admitted to our hospital for hypertension, hyperglycaemia and primary amenorrhea. The patient was functionally diagnosed with ACTH-independent CS and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Radiological evaluations, including Computed Tomography (CT) and functional imaging, identified a mass at the left renal hilum. Histological assessments post-surgical excision confirmed the mass to be an ectopic adrenocortical adenoma. A subsequent 3-month follow-up showed no signs of disease recurrence, a swift recovery of the cortisol axis was observed, with a partial recuperation of the gonadal axis. REVIEW: Our literature review shows that the most common ectopic areas of cortisol adenomas are renal hilum and hepatic region. The most positive biomarker is Melan A, and only a few cases have been diagnosed with functional localization. CONCLUSION: Ectopic adrenocortical adenomas may be asymptomatic in the early stage and can impact gonadal function. Physicians who treat hypogonadism must be aware of the need to test cortisol levels and perform functional localization in patients with lumps present.
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Neoplasias de la Corteza Suprarrenal , Adenoma Corticosuprarrenal , Hipogonadismo , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Adenoma Corticosuprarrenal/cirugía , Adenoma Corticosuprarrenal/patología , Adenoma Corticosuprarrenal/complicaciones , Neoplasias de la Corteza Suprarrenal/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Corteza Suprarrenal/patología , Neoplasias de la Corteza Suprarrenal/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , HidrocortisonaRESUMEN
The spine grapes (Vitis davidii Foëx.) are wild grape species that grow in southern China, and can be used for table grapes, juicing and winemaking. To systematically investigate the flavor profiles of spine grapes, flavonoids and volatile compounds were detected in five spine grape varieties (Seputao, Ziqiu, Miputao, Tianputao and Baiputao) using HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS and GC-MS. The content of flavonoids highly depended on the variety, such as the total concentrations of anthocyanins (91.43-328.85 mg/kg FW) and flavonols (33.90 to 83.16 mg/kg FW). The volatile compounds with higher odor active value were selected to describe the aroma of spine grapes. Hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal and (E, Z)-2,6-nonadienal contributed to the higher herbaceous flavor to Baiputao and Ziqiu. ß-Damascenone and (E)-2-nonenal gave Baiputao a flavor with more floral, fruity and earthy. Their characteristic flavor compounds were subsequently revealed using multivariate statistical analysis. The results helped producers to further develop and utilize the spine grapes.
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Flavonoides , Aromatizantes , Frutas , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Metabolómica , Vitis , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles , Vitis/química , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/química , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/análisis , China , Aromatizantes/química , Aromatizantes/análisis , Aromatizantes/metabolismo , Frutas/química , Flavonoides/análisis , Flavonoides/química , Gusto , Odorantes/análisis , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , HumanosRESUMEN
AIM: To investigate the effects of adenosine kinase (ADK), a key enzyme in determining intracellular adenosine levels, on ß cells, and their underlying mechanism. METHODS: Genetic animal models and transgenic immortalized cells were applied to study the effect of ADK on islet beta-cell proliferation and function. The beta-cell mass and response to glucose were measured in vivo using mice with beta-cell-specific ADK overexpression, and in vitro using ADK-overexpressed immortalized beta-cell. RESULTS: The expression of ADK in human islets at high abundance, especially in ß cells, was decreased during the process of ß-cell proliferation. Additionally, a transgenic mouse model (ADKtg/tg /Mip-Cre) was generated wherein the mouse Insulin1 gene promoter specifically overexpressed ADK in pancreatic ß cells. The ADKtg/tg /Mip-Cre model exhibited impaired glucose tolerance, decreased fasting plasma insulin, loss of ß-cell mass, and inhibited ß-cell proliferation. Proteomic analysis revealed that ADK overexpression inhibited the expression of several proteins that promote cell proliferation and insulin secretion. Upregulating ADK in the ß-cell line inhibited the expression of ß-cell related regulatory molecules, including FoxO1, Appl1, Pxn, Pdx-1, Creb and Slc16a3. Subsequent in vitro experiments indicated that the inhibition of ß-cell proliferation and the decreased expression of Pdx-1, Creb and Slc16a3 were rescued by DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) knockdown in ß cells. CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that the overexpression of ADK decreased the expression of several genes that regulate ß cells, resulting in the inhibition of ß-cell proliferation and dysfunction by upregulating the expression of DNMT3A.
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Adenosina Quinasa , Proliferación Celular , ADN (Citosina-5-)-Metiltransferasas , ADN Metiltransferasa 3A , Células Secretoras de Insulina , Ratones Transgénicos , Regulación hacia Arriba , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , Animales , Ratones , Humanos , ADN (Citosina-5-)-Metiltransferasas/metabolismo , ADN (Citosina-5-)-Metiltransferasas/genética , Adenosina Quinasa/genética , Adenosina Quinasa/metabolismo , Masculino , Secreción de Insulina , Insulina/metabolismoRESUMEN
Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis poses a global infectious threat to humans and animals. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a sensitive, precise, and easy-to-readout strategy. Here, a novel tandem combination of a CRISPR/Cas12a system with dual HCR (denoted as CRISPR/Cas12a-D-HCR) was constructed for detecting Mycobacterium bovis. Based on the efficient trans-cleavage activity of the active CRISPR/Cas12a system, tandem-dsDNA with PAM sites was established using two flexible hairpins, providing multiple binding sites with CRISPR/Cas12a for further amplification. Furthermore, the activation of Cas12a initiated the second hybridization chain reaction (HCR), which integrated complete G-quadruplex sequences to assemble the hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme. With the addition of H2O2 and ABTS, a colorimetric signal readout strategy was achieved. Consequently, CRISPR/Cas12a-D-HCR achieved a satisfactory detection linear range from 20 aM to 50 fM, and the limit of detection was as low as 2.75 aM with single mismatched recognition capability, demonstrating good discrimination of different bacterial species. Notably, the practical application performance was verified via the standard addition method, with the recovery ranging from 96.0% to 105.2% and the relative standard deviations (RSD) ranging from 0.95% to 6.45%. The proposed CRISPR/Cas12a-D-HCR sensing system served as a promising application for accurate detection in food safety and agricultural fields.
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Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Colorimetría , G-Cuádruplex , Mycobacterium bovis , Mycobacterium bovis/genética , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Colorimetría/métodos , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Límite de Detección , Animales , ADN Catalítico/química , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Proteínas Asociadas a CRISPR/genética , ADN Bacteriano/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Weed control is essential for agricultural floor management in vineyards and the inter-row mulching is an eco-friendly practice to inhibit weed growth via filtering out photosynthetically active radiation. Besides weed suppression, inter-row mulching can influence grapevine growth and the accumulation of metabolites in grape berries. However, the complex interaction of multiple factors in the field challenges the understanding of molecular mechanisms on the regulated metabolites. In the current study, black geotextile inter-row mulch (M) was applied for two vintages (2016-2017) from anthesis to harvest. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis were conducted in two vintages, aiming to provide insights into metabolic and molecular responses of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to M in a semi-arid climate. RESULTS: Upregulation of genes related to photosynthesis and heat shock proteins confirmed that M weakened the total light exposure and grapes suffered heat stress, resulting in lower sugar-acid ratio at harvest. Key genes responsible for enhancements in phenylalanine, glutamine, ornithine, arginine, and C6 alcohol concentrations, and the downward trend in ε-viniferin, anthocyanins, flavonols, terpenes, and norisoprenoids in M grapes were identified. In addition, several modules significantly correlated with the metabolic biomarkers through weighted correlation network analysis, and the potential key transcription factors regulating the above metabolites including VviGATA11, VviHSFA6B, and VviWRKY03 were also identified. CONCLUSION: This study provides a valuable overview of metabolic and transcriptomic responses of M grapes in semi-arid climates, which could facilitate understanding the complex regulatory network of metabolites in response to microclimate changes.
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Vitis , Vino , Vitis/metabolismo , Transcriptoma , Antocianinas/metabolismo , Microclima , Granjas , Frutas , Vino/análisisRESUMEN
Kolor is a teinturier grape cultivar, that accumulates flavonoids in the skin and pulp. However, the concentrations and proportions of flavonoids in Kolor skin and pulp differ, suggesting tissue specificity in teinturier grapes. Light conditions significantly influence the evolution of flavonoids. Moreover, studies on the mechanisms governing flavonoid accumulation in light response sensitivity of teinturier grapes are limited. In the three consecutive years of study, the exposure of Kolor clusters was altered by bagging from pre-veraison to harvest. QqQ/MS and RTâqPCR wereused to determine the individual anthocyanin contents and the relative gene expression. There was a significant decrease in the total anthocyanins and flavonols in the Kolor berries, with flavonols showing greater sensitivity to bagging. Bagging did not exert a consistent impact on the flavan-3-ols in Kolor berries. The sensitivities of anthocyanins in Kolor skin and pulp differed under light exclusion conditions. The concentration of trihydroxy-substituted anthocyanins in the skin decreased, while the proportion of dihydroxy-substituted anthocyanins in the pulp significantly increased, but the anthocyanin concentration in the pulp did not change significantly after bagging. The contents of malvidins and quercetins in the skin, and myricetins and quercetins in the pulp, were significantly reduced after bagging. The expression of flavonoid synthesis genes in Kolor skin and pulp was tissue-specific. After bagging, UFGT expression increased in the pulp and decreased in the skin. In addition, LDOX, FLS-1, CHI-1, CHI-2, F3H-1, F3H-2, and MYB4a exhibited sensitive light responses in both the skin and pulp. This study offers new insights into the regulation of flavonoids in Kolor grapes under light exclusion conditions.
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Background Microalbuminuria is a common clinical symptom that manifests in the early stages of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and is also the main feature of glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) injury. There is increasing evidence that the transcytosis of albumin across GECs is closely related to the formation of albuminuria. Our previous studies have shown that angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2) can inhibit albumin transcytosis across renal tubular epithelial cells by activating caveolin 1 (CAV1) phosphorylation during high glucose (HG) exposure. The role of ANGPT2 in albumin transcytosis across GECs remains unclear. Losartan significantly reduces albuminuria, but the mechanism has not been clarified. Methods We established an in vitro albumin transcytosis model to investigate the change in albumin transcytosis across human renal glomerular endothelial cells (hrGECs) under normal glucose (NG), high glucose (HG) and losartan intervention. We knocked down ANGPT2 and CAV1 to evaluate their roles in albumin transcytosis across hrGECs and verified the relationship between them. In vivo, DKD mouse models were established and treated with different doses of losartan. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of ANGPT2 and CAV1. Results In vitro, the transcytosis of albumin across hrGECs was significantly increased under high glucose stimulation, and losartan inhibited this process. The expression of ANGPT2 and CAV1 were both increased in hrGECs under HG conditions and losartan intervention reduced the expression of them. Moreover, ANGPT2 downregulation reduced albumin transcytosis in hrGECs by regulating CAV1 expression. In vivo, the expression of ANGPT2 and CAV1 in the glomerulus was both increased significantly in DKD mice. Compared with DKD mice, losartan treatment reduced albuminuria and decreased the expression of ANGPT2 and CAV1 in a dose-dependent manner (AU)
Antecedentes La microalbuminuria es un síntoma clínico común que se manifiesta en las fases tempranas de la enfermedad renal diabética (ERD), y también es característica del daño de las células endoteliales glomerulares (GEC). Existe evidencia creciente en cuanto a que la transcitosis de la albúmina a través de las GEC está estrechamente relacionada con la formación de albuminuria. Nuestros estudios previos reflejaron que angiopoyetina 2 (ANGPT2) puede inhibir la transcitosis de la albúmina a través de las células epiteliales tubulares renales activando la fosforilación de caveolina 1 (CAV1) durante la exposición a hiperglucemia (HG). El rol de ANGPT2 en la transcitosis de la albúmina a través de las GEC resulta incierto. Losartan reduce considerablemente la albuminuria, aunque no se ha esclarecido el mecanismo. Métodos Establecimos un modelo in vitro de transcitosis de la albúmina para investigar el cambio de dicho mecanismo a través de las células endoteliales glomerulares renales humanas (hrGEC) en condiciones de glucosa normal (GN), hiperglucemia (HG) e intervención de losartan. Realizamos breakdown de ANGPT2 y CAV1 para evaluar sus roles en la transcitosis de la albúmina a través de las hrGEC, y verificamos la relación entre ellas. Se establecieron modelos in vivo de ratones con ERD, tratados con diferentes dosis de losartan. Se utilizaron pruebas de inmunohistoquímica e inmunotransferencia para detectar la expresión de ANGPT2 y CAV1. Resultados In vitro, la transcitosis de la albúmina a través de hrGEC se incrementó considerablemente en condiciones de estimulación de la hiperglucemia, inhibiendo losartan este proceso. La expresión de ANGPT2 y CAV1 se incrementó en las hrGEC en condiciones de HG, reduciendo la intervención de losartan la expresión de ambas (AU)
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Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Glomérulos Renales/metabolismo , Albúminas/metabolismo , Transcitosis , Angiopoyetinas/metabolismo , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Caveolinas/farmacología , Losartán/farmacología , Modelos AnimalesRESUMEN
Mechanical ventilation (MV) has the potential to induce extra-pulmonary organ damage by adversely affecting the lungs and promoting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a pro-inflammatory mediator in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), but its effect on MV-associated liver injury and the mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, mice were subjected to high-volume MV (20 ml/kg) to induce VILI. MV-induced HMGB1 prompted neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation and PANoptosis within the liver. Inhibiting NETs formation by DNase I or PAD4 inhibitor, or by HMGB1 neutralizing ameliorated the liver injury. HMGB1 activated neutrophils to form NETs through TLR4/MyD88/TRAF6 pathway. Importantly, Importin7 siRNA nanoparticles inhibited HMGB1 release and protected against MV-associated liver injury. These data provide evidence of MV-induced HMGB1 prompted NETs formation and PANoptosis in the liver via the TLR4/MyD88/TRAF6 pathway. HMGB1 is a potential therapeutic target for MV-associated liver injury.
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Trampas Extracelulares , Proteína HMGB1 , Lesión Pulmonar Inducida por Ventilación Mecánica , Ratones , Animales , Trampas Extracelulares/metabolismo , Respiración Artificial , Proteína HMGB1/genética , Proteína HMGB1/metabolismo , ARN Interferente Pequeño/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 4/genética , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismo , Factor 88 de Diferenciación Mieloide/genética , Factor 88 de Diferenciación Mieloide/metabolismo , Factor 6 Asociado a Receptor de TNF/metabolismo , Hígado/metabolismo , Lesión Pulmonar Inducida por Ventilación Mecánica/prevención & control , Lesión Pulmonar Inducida por Ventilación Mecánica/tratamiento farmacológico , Lesión Pulmonar Inducida por Ventilación Mecánica/metabolismoRESUMEN
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has a long-standing history of support for research in Down syndrome (DS). In response to a 2018 congressional directive for a trans-NIH initiative to address medical issues in DS, NIH launched the INCLUDE Project (INvestigation of Co-occurring conditions across the Lifespan to Understand Down syndromE). Reflecting the three INCLUDE components of basic science research, cohort development, and clinical trials, the Project has published funding opportunities to address conditions such as immune disorders and Alzheimer's disease. Due to a steady expansion in dedicated funding over its first 5 years, INCLUDE has invested $258 M in over 250 new research projects. INCLUDE also supports training initiatives to expand the number and diversity of investigators studying DS. NIH has funded an INCLUDE Data Coordinating Center that is collecting de-identified clinical information and multi-omics data from research participants for broad data sharing and secondary analyses. Through the DS-Connect® registry, INCLUDE investigators can access recruitment support. The INCLUDE Research Plan articulates research goals for the program, with an emphasis on diversity of research participants and investigators. Finally, a new Cohort Development Program is poised to increase the impact of the INCLUDE Project by recruiting a large DS cohort across the lifespan.
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Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Investigación Biomédica , Síndrome de Down , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Humanos , Longevidad , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Microalbuminuria is a common clinical symptom that manifests in the early stages of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and is also the main feature of glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) injury. There is increasing evidence that the transcytosis of albumin across GECs is closely related to the formation of albuminuria. Our previous studies have shown that angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2) can inhibit albumin transcytosis across renal tubular epithelial cells by activating caveolin 1 (CAV1) phosphorylation during high glucose (HG) exposure. The role of ANGPT2 in albumin transcytosis across GECs remains unclear. Losartan significantly reduces albuminuria, but the mechanism has not been clarified. METHODS: We established an in vitro albumin transcytosis model to investigate the change in albumin transcytosis across human renal glomerular endothelial cells (hrGECs) under normal glucose (NG), high glucose (HG) and losartan intervention. We knocked down ANGPT2 and CAV1 to evaluate their roles in albumin transcytosis across hrGECs and verified the relationship between them. In vivo, DKD mouse models were established and treated with different doses of losartan. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of ANGPT2 and CAV1. RESULTS: In vitro, the transcytosis of albumin across hrGECs was significantly increased under high glucose stimulation, and losartan inhibited this process. The expression of ANGPT2 and CAV1 were both increased in hrGECs under HG conditions and losartan intervention reduced the expression of them. Moreover, ANGPT2 downregulation reduced albumin transcytosis in hrGECs by regulating CAV1 expression. In vivo, the expression of ANGPT2 and CAV1 in the glomerulus was both increased significantly in DKD mice. Compared with DKD mice, losartan treatment reduced albuminuria and decreased the expression of ANGPT2 and CAV1 in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: ANGPT2 exacerbated albumin transcytosis across GECs by increasing CAV1 expression during HG exposure, thereby increasing albuminuria. Losartan reduces albumin transcytosis and albuminuria formation in DKD by inhibiting the upregulation of ANGPT2 under HG conditions. Our findings suggest that ANGPT2 and CAV1 may be novel therapeutic targets for diabetic albuminuria. In addition, we provide new evidence to elaborate on the mechanism of losartan in the development of DKD.
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Caveolina 1 , Nefropatías Diabéticas , Humanos , Ratones , Animales , Caveolina 1/metabolismo , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Losartán/farmacología , Albuminuria/tratamiento farmacológico , Albuminuria/metabolismo , Angiopoyetina 2/metabolismo , Transcitosis , Albúminas/metabolismo , Nefropatías Diabéticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Nefropatías Diabéticas/metabolismo , Glucosa/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Adding pomace or juice runoff during maceration is a traditional winemaking process. To mitigate the negative effects of rainfall during harvest and examine the effects of adjusting the pomace ratio during fermentation on the flavor profile of Marselan grape wines, the prefermentation addition of Petit Manseng grape pomace (PAP) and prefermentation juice runoff (PJR) was determined. The phenolic and volatile compounds were investigated using HPLC-MS and GC-MS. PAP enriched the flavanols and PJR enriched the pigment and copigment matrix. Approximate 10% increase in the ratio of pomace promoted the formation of anthocyanin derivatives. The increased pomace ratio reduced the concentration of volatile compounds without impacting the aroma quality. Sensory analysis revealed PAP wines scored higher for acidity and astringency and PJR wines scored higher for color. In conclusion, an appropriate increase in the pomace ratio of approximately 10% can enhance the color and mouthfeel of the wine while having a limited influence on aroma.
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To produce premium wines in a specific region is the goal of local oenologists. This study aimed to investigate the influence of soil properties and harvest date on the volatolomics of wine to provide a better insight into single-vineyard wines. Six Cabernet Sauvignon vineyards were selected in a semi-arid region to produce their wines at three harvest ripeness levels ranging from 23°Brix-28°Brix in three seasons (2019-2021). Results showed that among all six vineyards, the vineyard with the highest soil pH produced wines with lower C6 alcohols and herbaceous aroma. Moderate nutrition in soils was beneficial for the accumulation of ß-damascenone and enhanced fruity and floral aroma in wines while over-fertile soil produced wines with the lowest sensory score. As the harvest ripeness elevated, the wine's fruity and floral aroma intensity decreased. Through advanced network analysis, the key volatiles such as ß-damascenone, ethy1 lactate, and isoamyl octanoate, and their interaction in affecting wine sensory scores were evaluated. Our study provided a concept for producing premium single-vineyard wines.
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Vitis , Vino , Vino/análisis , Vitis/química , Granjas , SueloRESUMEN
Multi-targets detection has obtained much attention because this sensing mode can realize the detection of multi-targets simultaneously, which is helpful for biomedical analysis. Carbon nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention due to their superior optical and chemical properties, but there are few reports about red emission carbon nanoparticles for simultaneous detection of multi-targets. In this paper, a red emission fluorescent carbon nanoparticles were prepared by 1, 2, 4-triaminobenzene dihydrochloride at room temperature. The as-prepared red emission fluorescent carbon nanoparticles exhibited strong emission peak located at 635 nm with an absolute quantum yield up to 24%. They showed excellent solubility, high photostability and good biocompatibility. Furthermore, it could sensitively and selectively response to hypochlorite and pH, thus simultaneous detection of hypochlorite and pH was achieved by combining the red emission fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with computational chemistry. The formation mechanisms of red emission fluorescent carbon nanoparticles and their response to hypochlorite and pH were investigated, respectively.
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Recently, revealing the terroir influence on wine chemical features has drawn increasing interest. This study aimed to explain how wine flavonoid signatures were altered by vineyard parcel, harvest ripeness, vintage and bottle aging. Six commercial Cabernet Sauvignon vineyards were selected in the Manas region to produce wines at three harvest ripeness in three seasons (2019-2021) and aged for three years. The six vineyards had little difference in mesoclimate conditions while varying greatly in soil composition. Results showed high vineyard pH (> 8.5) could accelerate grape ripening rate and increase wine flavonol concentration. Vineyards with moderate nutrition produced wines with abundant anthocyanin derivatives and maintained color characteristics during aging. The role of detailed anthocyanin derivatives in regulating wine color was clarified. As the harvest ripeness elevated, wine's flavonoid profiles were altered and gained a higher red color intensity. This work provides chemical mechanisms underlying single-vineyard wines and a theoretical basis for targeted wine production.
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Objectives: This systematic review aimed to comprehensively understand the comorbidity of cerebral palsy (CP) in China. Methods: We searched through databases in both Chinese and English until December 2022 to gather cross-sectional studies on the comorbidity of CP in China. After two reviewers independently screened the articles, collected the data, and assessed the bias risk, a meta-analysis was conducted using the Stata 17.0 software. Results: A total of 73 articles were included. Of these, 16 articles reported total comorbidity, with a prevalence of 79.7% (95% CI: 73.8-85.7%); 56 articles reported epilepsy, with a prevalence of 17.9% (95% CI: 15.4-20.4%); 48 articles reported intellectual disability, with a prevalence of 58.0% (95% CI: 51.8-64.3%); 32 articles reported speech disorders, with a prevalence of 48.0% (95% CI: 41.6-54.4%); 41 articles reported hearing disorders, with a prevalence of 17.2% (95% CI: 13.0-21.4%); and 35 articles reported vision disorders, with a prevalence of 23.1% (95% CI: 16.3-29.8%). The topographical type of CP was the primary source of heterogeneity in the prevalence of epilepsy. Diagnostic criteria for CP, clinical type of CP, GMFCS, publishing time, and topographical type of CP were the primary sources of heterogeneity in the prevalence of intellectual disability. Clinical type of CP and topographical type were the primary sources of heterogeneity in the prevalence of speech disorders. Finally, the region was the primary source of heterogeneity in the prevalence of hearing disorders. Conclusion: The prevalence of comorbidities in CP is high in China. Comorbidities are related to the characteristics, severity, and risk factors of brain insult and have a particular relationship with regional economic development and medical and health levels.
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Chronic inflammation and fibrosis are significant factors in the pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of publications on inflammation and fibrogenesis in MAFLD, with a focus on reporting publication trends. Our findings indicate that the USA and China are the most productive countries in the field, with the University of California San Diego being the most productive institution. Over the past 23 years, Prof. Diehl AM has published 25 articles that significantly contributed to the research community. Notably, the research focus of the field has shifted from morbid obesity and adiponectin to metabolic syndrome, genetics, and microbiome. Our study provides a comprehensive and objective summary of the historical characteristics of research on inflammation and fibrogenesis in MAFLD, which will be of interest to scientific researchers in this field.
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Síndrome Metabólico , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Humanos , Bibliometría , Inflamación , Adiponectina , ChinaRESUMEN
Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to revolutionize many fields, but its clinical implementation in cardiovascular imaging is still rare despite increasing research. We sought to facilitate discussion across several fields and across the lifecycle of research, development, validation, and implementation to identify challenges and opportunities to further translation of AI in cardiovascular imaging. Furthermore, it seemed apparent that a multidisciplinary effort across institutions would be essential to overcome these challenges. This paper summarizes the proceedings of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-led workshop, creating consensus around needs and opportunities for institutions at several levels to support and advance research in this field and support future translation.
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Inteligencia Artificial , Sistema Cardiovascular , Estados Unidos , Humanos , National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.) , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Atención al PacienteRESUMEN
Mechanical ventilation (MV) may negatively affect the lungs and cause the release of inflammatory mediators, resulting in extra-pulmonary organ dysfunction. Studies have revealed systemically elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in animal models of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI); however, whether these cytokines have an effect on gut injury and the mechanisms involved remain unknown. In this study, VILI was generated in mice with high tidal volume mechanical ventilation (20 ml/kg). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), and IL-6 concentrations in serum and gut measured by ELISA showed significant elevation in the VILI mice. Significant increases in gut injury and PANoptosis were observed in the VILI mice, which were positively correlated with the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6. The VILI mice displayed intestinal barrier defects, decreased expressions of occludin and zonula occludin-1 (ZO-1), and increased expression of claudin-2 and the activation of myosin light chain (MLC). Importantly, intratracheal administration of Imp7 siRNA nanoparticle effectively inhibited cytokines production and protected mice from VILI-induced gut injury. These data provide evidence of systemic cytokines contributing to gut injury following VILI and highlight the possibility of targeting cytokines inhibition via Imp7 siRNA nanoparticle as a potential therapeutic intervention for alleviating gut injury following VILI.
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Citocinas , Lesión Pulmonar Inducida por Ventilación Mecánica , Ratones , Animales , Citocinas/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , ARN Interferente Pequeño/metabolismo , Ocludina/metabolismo , Pulmón/patología , Lesión Pulmonar Inducida por Ventilación Mecánica/tratamiento farmacológico , Lesión Pulmonar Inducida por Ventilación Mecánica/patología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BLRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the efficacy of monotherapy with AIs or GnRHa in improving the height of boys with idiopathic short stature (ISS). Method: We performed a systematic search in Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, and Wanfang Database for eligible studies. The network meta-analysis was conducted using STATA software. Results: We identified a total of four studies that included 136 individuals. We used FAH/PAH as the main outcome of final height. The results revealed a statistically higher final height after treatment with AI or GnRHa in idiopathic short stature children(MD= 4.63, 95% CI[3.29,5.96]). In network meta-analysis, the direct and indirect comparison between AI and GnRHa was presented in the forest plot. Compared with control group, both AI and GnRHa were effective in increasing the final height, with the mean effect of 4.91(95%CI:1.10,8.17) and 5.55(95%CI:1.12,9.98) respectively. However, there was no statistical difference between the GnRHa and AI treatment, of which the mean effect was 0.65(95%CI: -4.30,5.60). Conclusion: Both AIs and GnRHa monotherapy were effective in augmenting the final height of boys with idiopathic short stature when compared to placebo groups. However, there was no statistical difference between the GnRHa and AI treatments.