Delayed complications of intradural cement leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Intradural cement leakage following percutaneous vertebroplasty is a rare but acute and devastating complication that usually requires emergent treatment. Here, we report a delayed complication of intradural leakage after percutaneous vertebroplasty. CASE SUMMARY: A 71-year-old female patient with an L1 osteoporotic compression fracture underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty in 2014. She was referred to our hospital 5 years later due to complaints of progressive weakness and numbness in both legs combined with urinary incontinence and constipation. Initially, she was suspected to have a spinal meningioma at the level of L1 according to imaging examinations. Postoperative pathological tests confirmed that cement had leaked into the dura during the first percutaneous vertebroplasty. CONCLUSION: Guideline adherence is essential to prevent cement from leaking into the spinal canal or even the dura. Once leakage occurs, urgent evaluation and decompression surgery are necessary to prevent further neurological damage.

Maisonneuve injury with no fibula fracture: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Ankle syndesmosis injury is difficult to diagnose accurately at the initial visit. Missed diagnosis or improper treatment can lead to chronic complications. Complete syndesmosis injury with a concomitant rupture of the interosseous membrane (IOM) is more unstable and severe. The relationship between this type of injury and Maisonneuve injury, in which the syndesmosis is also injured, has not been discussed in the literature previously. CASE SUMMARY: A 16-year-old patient sustained left medial malleolar fracture, and the associated inferior tibiofibular syndesmotic instability was overlooked. After open reduction and internal fixation of the medial malleolar fracture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis diastasis with IOM rupture was detected by auxiliary imaging. Secondary surgical intervention was performed to reduce anatomically and fix with two trans-syndesmosis screws. Twelve weeks later, the screws were removed. At the 6-mo follow-up, the patient gained full range of motion of the ankle. CONCLUSION: Complete syndesmosis injury with IOM rupture should be considered Maisonneuve-type injury. Open reduction and internal fixation could obtain good outcomes.

Development and external validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of Upper gastrointestinal precancerous lesions in a non-high-incidence area.

BACKGROUND: Upper gastrointestinal precancerous lesions (UGPL) is the major preventable disease in non-high-incidence area. A prognostic nomogram was constructed to predict and identity susceptible population of UGPL before endoscope screening. METHODS: We recruited 300 ,016 eligible participants for upper gastrointestinal cancer (UGC) screening aged 40-74 years from two cities in Hunan province from 2012 to 2019. Individuals at high risk of UGC on basis of questionnaire estimation underwent endoscopic screening. Participants in two cities accepting endoscopy were used as training and external validation cohorts, respectively. A nomogram was developed based on independent prognostic factors of UGPL determined in multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 35, 621 with high risk for UGC, 10, 364 subjects undertook endoscopy (participation rate of 29.1%). The detection rate for UGPL was 4.55%. The nomogram showed that age, gender, mental trama, picked food, and atrophic gastritis history in a descending order were significant contributors to UGPL risk. The C-index value of internal and external validation of the model is 0.612 and 0.670, respectively. The calibration data for UGPL showed optimal agreement between the nomogram prediction and actual observation. Furthermore, high-risk and low-risk group divided based on score from the nomogram predicted a significantly distinct detection rate. CONCLUSION: The nomogram provides screening workers a simple and accurate tool for identifying individuals at a higher risk of UGPL as primary screening before endoscopy among Chinese population in non-high-risk areas, thus reducing the incidence of UGC by improving the UGPL detection.

Repellent activities of essential oils rich in sesquiterpenoids from Saussurea amara (L.) DC. and Sigesbeckia pubescens Makino against two stored-product insects.

The essential oils (EOs) from aerial parts of Saussurea amara (L.) DC. (SAEO) and Sigesbeckia pubescens Makino (SPEO) were analyzed for their chemical composition by GC-MS, and their repellent activities against adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst, as well as the booklouse, Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel, were evaluated for the first time. Results of GC-MS analysis indicated that both SAEO and SPEO were characterized by high content of sesquiterpenoids (relative content > 70%) including oxygenated sesquiterpenoids. The two oil samples and their major component caryophyllene oxide exerted beneficial repellent effects on T. castaneum and L. bostrychophila at 2 and 4 h post-exposure. At 4 h post-exposure, the PR value of caryophyllene oxide could still reach 92% (class V) against T. castaneum at minimum testing concentration of 3.15 nL/cm2, and this compound was observed to result in the greatest repellency (PR = 100%) against L. bostrychophila at 12.63 nL/cm2. This work confirmed the potent repellent efficacy of SAEO and SPEO for controlling pest damage and suggested their potential to be developed into botanical repellents.

Biochemical traits and proteomic changes in postharvest flowers of medicinal chrysanthemum exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation.

The article studied UV-B effects on biochemical traits and proteomic changes in postharvest flowers of medicinal chrysanthemum. The experiment about UV-B effects on biochemical traits in flowers included six levels of UV-B treatments (0 (UV0), 50 (UV50), 200 (UV200), 400 (UV400), 600 (UV600) and 800 (UV800) µWcm(-2)). UV400, UV600 and UV800 treatments significantly increased the contents of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and UV-B absorbing compounds, and the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzyme over the control. The contents of chlorogenic acid and flavone in flowers were significantly increased by UV-B treatments (except for UV50 and UV800). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was utilized to analyze proteomic changes in flowers with or without UV-B radiation. Results indicated that 43 protein spots (>1.5-fold difference in volume) were detected, including 19 spots with a decreasing trend and 24 spots with an increasing trend, and 19 differentially expressed protein spots were successfully indentified by MALDI-TOF MS. The indentified proteins were classified based on functions, the most of which were involved in photosynthesis, respiration, protein biosynthesis and degradation and defence. An overall assessment using biochemical and differential proteomic data revealed that UV-B radiation could affect biochemical reaction and promote secondary metabolism processes in postharvest flowers.