Natural biomimetic nano-system for drug delivery in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a literature review of the last 5 years.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized primarily by synovitis, leading to the destruction of articular cartilage and bone and ultimately resulting in joint deformity, loss of function, and a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Currently, a combination of anti-rheumatic drugs, hormonal drugs, and biologics is used to mitigate disease progression. However, conventional drug therapy has limited bioavailability, and long-term use often leads to drug resistance and toxic side effects. Therefore, exploring new therapeutic approaches for RA is of great clinical importance. Nanodrug delivery systems offer promising solutions to overcome the limitations of conventional drugs. Among them, liposomes, the first nanodrug delivery system to be approved for clinical application and still widely studied, demonstrate the ability to enhance therapeutic efficacy with fewer adverse effects through passive or active targeting mechanisms. In this review, we provide a review of the research progress on the targeting mechanisms of various natural biomimetic nano-delivery systems in RA therapy. Additionally, we predict the development trends and application prospects of these systems, offering new directions for precision treatment of RA.

Effects of fuel and driving conditions on particle number emissions of China-VI gasoline vehicles: based on corrections to test results.

The increasing number of vehicles are emitting a large amount of particles into the atmosphere, causing serious harm to the ecological environment and human health. This study conducted the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC) to investigate the emission characteristics of particle number (PN) of China-VI gasoline vehicles with different gasoline. The gasoline with lower aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins reduced particulate matter (PM) and PN emissions by 24% and 52% respectively. The average PN emission rate of the four vehicles during the first 300 s (the cold start period) was 7.2 times that of the 300 s-1800s. Additionally, because the particle transmission time and instrument response time, the test results of instantaneous emissions of PN were not synchronized with vehicle specific power (VSP). By calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient between pre-average vehicle specific power (PAVSP) and the test results of PN instantaneous emissions, the delay time was determined as 10s. After the PN emissions results were corrected, the PN emissions were found to be more related to VSP. By analyzing the influence of driving status on emission, this study found that vehicles in acceleration mode increased PN emissions by 76% compared to those in constant speed mode.

ED-71 Improves Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Rats by Inhibiting Osteoclastogenesis Through EphrinB2-EphB4-RANKL/OPG Axis.

Purpose: Estrogen deficiency is the main reason of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Eldecalcitol (ED-71) is a new active vitamin D analogue clinically used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. We aimed to investigate whether EphrinB2-EphB4 and RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling cooperate in mediating the process of osteoporosis by ED-71. Methods: In vivo, the ovariectomized (OVX) rats were administered orally with 30 ng/kg ED-71 once a day for 8 weeks. HE staining, Masson staining and Immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate bone mass, bone formation, osteoclastogenesis associated factors and the expression of EphrinB2, EphB4, RANKL and OPG. In vitro, H2O2 stimulation was used to simulate the cell environment in osteoporosis. Immunofluorescence, quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western Blot were applied to detect the expression of EphrinB2, EphB4, RANKL and OPG. In osteoblasts, EphB4 was knocked down by EphB4 small-interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection. LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) or ARQ092 (AKT inhibitor) was used to block PI3K/AKT pathway. An indirect co-culture system of osteoblasts and osteoclasts was established. The mRNA and protein expression of osteoclastogenes is associated factors were tested by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. Results: ED-71 increased bone mass and decreased the number of osteoclasts in OVX rats. Moreover, ED-71 promoted the expression of EphrinB2, EphB4, and decreased the RANKL/OPG ratio in osteoblasts. Osteoclastogenesis was restrained when osteoclasts were indirectly co-cultured with ED-71-treated osteoblasts. After silencing of EphB4 expression in osteoblasts, ED-71 inhibited the expression of P-PI3K and P-AKT and increased the ratio of RANKL/OPG. This reversed the inhibitory effect of ED-71 on osteoclastogenes. Therefore, in ED-71-inhibited osteoclastogenes, EphB4 is a key factor affecting the secretion of RANKL and OPG by osteoblasts. EphB4 suppressed the RANKL/OPG ratio through activating PI3K/AKT signaling in osteoblasts. Conclusion: ED-71 inhibits osteoclastogenesis through EphrinB2-EphB4-RANKL/OPG axis, improving bone mass in ovariectomized rats. PI3K/AKT pathway is involved this process.

Development and characterization of ZnxCuyTizMo alloys for biomedical applications: A high-throughput gradient continuous casting approach.

The limited mechanical properties of pure Zn, such as its low strength and ductility, hinder its application as a material for biodegradable implants. Addressing this challenge, the current study focuses on the development of biodegradable Zn-based alloys, employing innovative alloy design and processing strategies. Here, alloys with compositions ranging from 0.02 to 0.10 weight percent (wt%) Cu, 1.22 to 1.80 wt% Ti, and 0.04 to 0.06 wt% Mo were produced utilizing a high-throughput gradient continuous casting process. This study highlights three specific alloys: Zn1.82Cu0.10Ti0.05Mo (HR8), Zn0.08Cu1.86Ti0Mo (HR7), and Zn1.26Cu0.13Ti0.06Mo (HR6), which were extensively evaluated for their microstructure, mechanical properties, electrochemical performance, potential as bioimplants, and cytotoxicity. These alloys were found to exhibit enhanced mechanical strength, optimal degradation rates, and superior biocompatibility, evidenced by in-vivo experiments with SD rats, positioning them as promising candidates for medical implants. This research not only introduces a significant advancement in biodegradable alloy development but also proposes an efficient method for their production, marking a pivotal step forward in biomedical engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The limited mechanical properties of pure Zn have hindered its application in biodegradable implants. Our research primarily focuses on the alloy design and process strategies of biodegradable Zn-based alloys. We explore the ZnCuxTixMox alloys. This study introduces a high-throughput experimental approach for efficient screening of multi-component alloy systems with optimal properties. The ZnCuxTixMox alloys were designed and processed through gradient continuous casting, followed by homogenization and hot rolling. Our findings indicate that the Zn1.82Cu0.10Ti0.05Mo alloy demonstrates superior tensile, mechanical, and corrosion properties post hot rolling. The study suggests that Zn0.13Cu1.26Ti0.06Mo, Zn0.08Cu1.86Ti0Mo, and Zn1.82Cu0.10Ti0.05Mo alloys hold significant potential as biodegradable materials.

N-Fluorosulfonyl Guanidine: An Entry to N-Guanyl Sulfamides and Sulfamates.

Here, we present the straightforward synthesis of N-fluorosulfonyl guanidine (1) from two industrial feedstocks, guanidine hydrochloride and sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2), using SuFEx chemistry. Compound 1 exhibits excellent stability under ambient conditions and displays unique SuFEx reactivity toward amines and phenols to generate N-guanyl sulfamides and sulfamates that have rarely been accessed. Notably, water serves as an effective solvent in this process. Our protocol provides a reliable pathway for the synthesis and investigation of these novel guanidine-containing molecules.

An inulin-based glycovesicle for pathogen-targeted drug delivery to ameliorate salmonellosis.

The gut microbiota plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and remission of inflammatory bowel disease. However, conventional antibiotic therapies may alter microbial ecology and lead to dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, which greatly limits therapeutic efficacy. To address this challenge, novel nanomicelles that couple inulin with levofloxacin via disulfide bonds for the treatment of salmonellosis were developed in this study. Owing to their H2S-responsiveness, the nanomicelles can target the inflamed colon and rapidly release levofloxacin to selectively fight against enteric pathogens. Moreover, the embedded inulin can serve as prebiotic fiber to increase the amount of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in mice with salmonellosis, thus maintaining the intestinal mechanical barrier and regulating the balance of the intestinal flora. Therefore, multifunctional nanomicelles had a better curative effect than pure levofloxacin on ameliorating inflammation in vivo. The pathogen-targeted glycovesicle represents a promising drug delivery platform to maximize the efficacy of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Use of tumor markers in distinguishing lung adenocarcinoma-associated malignant pleural effusion from tuberculous pleural effusion.

BACKGROUND: The distinction between lung adenocarcinoma-associated malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) continues to pose a challenge. This study sought to assess the supplementary value of tumor markers in enabling a differential diagnosis. METHODS: Data concerning tumor markers, which included carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 153 (CA153), cancer antigen 724 (CA724), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin19 fragment (Cyfra21-1), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA), in both serum and pleural effusion samples, were retrospectively compiled from lung adenocarcinoma-associated MPE and TPE patients. A comparative analysis of tumor marker concentrations between the two groups was performed to assess diagnostic utility, followed by a multiple logistic regression to control for confounding variables. RESULTS: While gender, serum CA125 and SCCA, and pleural effusion SCCA manifested comparability between the groups, distinctions were noted in patient age and the concentration of other tumor markers in serum and pleural effusion, which were notably elevated in the MPE group. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated a positive association between the risk of lung adenocarcinoma-associated MPE and levels of CEA and CA153 in serum and pleural effusion, as well as Cyfra21-1 in serum (P < 0.05). The odds ratio for CEA surpassed that of CA153 and Cyfra21-1. CONCLUSIONS: CEA and CA153 in serum and pleural effusion, and Cyfra21-1 in serum emerge as biomarkers possessing supplementary diagnostic value in distinguishing lung adenocarcinoma-associated MPE from TPE. The diagnostic efficacy of CEA is superior to CA153 and Cyfra21-1. Conversely, the utility of CA125, CA724, NSE, and SCCA appears constrained.

Favorable effects of open surgery on patients with extensive skull base osteoradionecrosis through a personalized sequential approach: A case series.

The present study aimed to investigate outcomes following open surgery for extensive skull base ORN. Open surgery through a personalized sequential approach was employed to deal with five cases of extensive skull base ORN. Two patients with mild cases underwent regional debridement and sequestrectomy, and three patients with severe cases underwent extensive resection with reconstruction using free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap. Biological glues and vascularized flaps were used for obturation of the skull base bony defect to prevent postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. The infections were controlled by antibiotic administrations which strictly followed the principles of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). As results, both regional debridement plus sequestrectomy and extensive resection achieved satisfied outcomes in all patients. No severe complications and delayed hospitalization occurred. During the follow-up period (8-19 months), all patients were alive, pain free, without crusting or purulent discharge, and no sequestration or CSF leakage occurred. In conclusion, a personalized sequential approach including open surgery, pedicled/vascularized free flap reconstruction and AMS was advocated for patients with extensive skull base ORN.

The competitive mechanism of EZH1 and EZH2 in promoting oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 1 (EZH1) and Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) are the key components of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2); however, the roles of these proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to determine the respective roles of these proteins in OSCC by investigating the expression levels of EZH1 and EZH2 in OSCC tissues (N = 63) by immunohistochemistry. In addition, we used lentiviruses to construct stable OSCC cell lines that overexpressed EZH1 and EZH2. Then, we investigated these cell lines for cell viability, colony formation capacity, stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Binding competition between EZH1 and EZH2 with PRC2 was further evaluated using Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Compared with normal tissues, the expression levels of EZH2 in OSCC tissues was up-regulated, while the expression of EZH1 was down-regulated. EZH2 enhanced cell viability, colony formation capacity, stemness, and EMT, while EZH1 did not. Furthermore, analysis indicated that EZH1 and EZH2 bound competitively to PRC2 and influenced the methylation status of H3K27. In conclusion, our findings verified that EZH1 and EZH2 play opposing roles in OSCC and that EZH1 and EZH2 compete as the key component of PRC2, thus affecting the characteristics of OSCC via the methylation of H3K27.

Recent advancements in the discovery of small-molecule non-nucleoside inhibitors targeting SARS-CoV-2 RdRp.

The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a pivotal role in the life cycle of the novel coronavirus and stands as a significant and promising target for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. Non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNIs), as a category of compounds directed against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, exhibit a unique and highly effective mechanism, effectively overcoming various factors contributing to drug resistance against nucleoside inhibitors (NIs). This review investigates various NNIs, including both natural and synthetic inhibitors, that closely interacting with the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp with valid evidences from in vitro and in silico studies.

Efficient biosynthesis of creatine by whole-cell catalysis from guanidinoacetic acid in Corynebacterium glutamicum.

Creatine is a naturally occurring derivative of an amino acid commonly utilized in functional foods and pharmaceuticals. Nevertheless, the current industrial synthesis of creatine relies on chemical processes, which may hinder its utilization in certain applications. Therefore, a biological approach was devised that employs whole-cell biocatalysis in the bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum, which is considered safe for use in food production, to produce safe-for-consumption creatine. The objective of this study was to identify a guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase (GAMT) with superior catalytic activity for creatine production. Through employing whole-cell biocatalysis, a gamt gene from Mus caroli (Mcgamt) was cloned and expressed in C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, resulting in a creatine titer of 3.37 g/L. Additionally, the study employed a promoter screening strategy that utilized nine native strong promoters in C. glutamicum to enhance the expression level of GAMT. The highest titer was achieved using the P1676 promoter, reaching 4.14 g/L. The conditions of whole-cell biocatalysis were further optimized, resulting in a creatine titer of 5.42 g/L. This is the first report of successful secretory creatine expression in C. glutamicum, which provides a safer and eco-friendly approach for the industrial production of creatine.

Compliant gait control method based on CVSLIP-FF model for biped robot walking over uneven terrain.

Bipedal walking over uneven terrain remains a challenging task due to the environmental complexity and unavoidable landing impact. To realize the stable and robust walking of biped robots, this paper proposes a compliant gait control method, which focuses on walking compliance and conducts research on two levels. In the gait generation level, a Continuous-Variable Spring-Loaded Inverted Pendulum with Finite-sized Foot (CVSLIP-FF) model is provided with the consideration of the ankle joint and compliant spring-loaded leg. Then, a CVSLIP-FF based gait generation pattern with relevant walking strategies is provided to enhance the mobility of biped robots. In the joint control level, an ankle joint admittance control strategy is applied to achieve compliant robot-environment interaction. Experimental results indicate that compared with the traditional SLIP model, the proposed method performs better adaptability to uneven terrain with a 217.77% improvement, and enables biped robots to cope with slight unknown disturbance.

Amygdalin and exercise training exert a synergistic effect in improving cardiac performance and ameliorating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model of myocardial infarction.

This study investigated the effects of amygdalin (AMY, a cyanogenic glycoside widely distributed in the fruits and seeds of Rosaceae plants) on cardiac performance and ventricular remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). We also investigated whether the combination of AMY with exercise training (ExT) has a beneficial synergistic effect in treating MI rats. MI was induced by the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in male SD rats. ExT or AMY treatment was started 1 week after MI and continued for 1 week (short-term) or 8 weeks (long-term). Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters. Heart tissues were harvested and subjected to 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride, Masson's trichrome, hematoxylin-eosin, and immunohistochemical staining. Gene expression was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blot gave a qualitative assessment of protein levels. AMY or ExT improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size in MI rats. AMY or ExT also suppressed myocardial fibrosis and attenuated inflammation in the infarct border zone of hearts from MI rats, as evidenced by inhibition of collagen deposition, inflammatory cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory markers (interleukin 1ß, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and cyclooxygenase 2). Notably, the effects of AMY combined with ExT were superior to those of AMY alone or ExT alone. Mechanistically, these beneficial functions were correlated with the inhibition of MI-induced activation of the transforming growth factor-ß/Smad pathway. Collectively, AMY and ExT exert a synergistic effect on improving cardiac performance and ameliorating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis after MI, and the effects of long-term intervention were better than short-term intervention.

Micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) methodology for quantitative elemental imaging of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with varying chemical compositions.

The preparation and characterization of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with varying chemical compositions are helpful for rapid screening of the optimal compositions in the research and development of new materials. The traditional testing methods cannot accurately determine the composition gradient in samples because they have a low spatial resolution or are semi-quantitative and time-consuming. The micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) methodology has been used for the elemental imaging of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with varying chemical compositions. The experimental conditions, including testing voltages, testing currents and the dwell time for each pixel, were optimized systematically to improve the repeatability and accuracy of the µ-XRF methodology. The quantitative elemental imaging of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy rod sample using µ-XRF was performed, and the results were validated by conducting spark optical emission spectroscopy. The limits of detection of µ-XRF for Zn, Mg, and Cu were 0.007 wt%, 0.068 wt%, and 0.002 wt%, respectively. This versatile elemental imaging technique provided an effective means for the component analysis and process evaluation of alloy samples with a composition gradient and thus for research and development of new materials.

Post-Transcriptional Regulator RBM47 Stabilizes FBXO2 mRNA to Advance Osteoarthritis Development: WGCNA Analysis and Experimental Validation.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic joint degenerative disease and a major cause of disability in the elderly. However, the current intervention strategies cannot effectively improve OA, and the pathogenesis of OA remains elusive. The present study identified RNA binding motif protein 47 (RBM47) as an upstream modulator of key dysregulation gene co-expression module based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) modeling. Subsequently, data from real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis revealed that RBM47 was upregulated in OA models in vivo and in vitro compared with normal controls. Functional analysis results from the MTT assay, flow cytometry, evaluation of LDH activities and inflammatory mediators, and western blot analysis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, showed that RBM47 knockdown significantly alleviated inflammation, apoptosis, and ECM degradation in interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß)-treated chondrocytes. Mechanistically, RBM47 bound to F box only protein 2 (FBXO2) and stabilized FBXO2 messenger RNA (mRNA) to promote the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in chondrocytes. Results from the recovery assay showed that the re-activation of STAT3 signaling by overexpressing FBXO2 or STAT3 counteracted the alleviating effect of RBM47 downregulation on IL-1ß-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and ECM degradation. Altogether, our findings illustrate that RBM47 stabilizes FBXO2 mRNA to advance OA development by activating STAT3 signaling, which enhances our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the development of OA.

The association between victims' vulnerable and grandiose narcissism and grudge holding.

Two nonexperimental studies were conducted to test how and why transgression victims' narcissism influences their grudge holding, using undergraduate students and a community sample of adults, respectively. Study 1 tested the association between victims' vulnerable narcissism and grudge holding, including emotional persistence, perceived longevity, and disdain toward the transgressor. It also tested the extent to which victims' grandiose narcissism moderated the association. Study 2 was conducted to replicate Study 1 and test whether victims' rumination about the transgression mediated the moderated association. Overall, those with higher degrees of grandiosity showed a positive relation between vulnerable narcissism and reported emotional persistence (Studies 1 and 2) and perceived longevity (Study 2). Finally, rumination explained the moderated relation (Study 2).

Investigation of 3D printing of toddler foods with special shape and function based on fenugreek gum and flaxseed protein.

The practicability of using corn and flaxseed protein as printing inks for manufacture of printed products specifically designed for toddlers as a dysphagia diet with high precision and special shapes with addition of fenugreek gum (FGG) was investigated. 3D printing was used to process grains and dysphagia-compatible food (corn) into a dietary product with attractive appearance which was also easy to swallow. Rheological measurements shown that appropriate amount of flaxseed protein (FP, 0-10 %) can reduce the stickiness and yield strength of printing material. Based on FTIR measurements, FP weakened the hydrogen bond strength of inks, but it was still an important gradient for the formation of the ink suitable for precision 3D printing. The TPA results shown that the addition of FP (0-10 %) remarkably reduced both the stickiness and hardness of the ink. These results shown that compared with the control group, materials with FGG additions possessed higher printing accuracy and self-supporting ability. Ink with 5 % FP content exhibited the best printability and swallowability, while ink with 10 % FP content had the lowest viscosity and hardness, but it was not suitable for 3D printing. 3D printing of objects printed using Ink-C (5%FP and 0.8 %FGG) showed high support characteristic and attractive appearance. According to the international IDDSI testing standards, Ink-C (5%FP and 0.8 %FGG), Ink-E (15%FP and 0.8 %FGG), and Ink-F (20%FP and 0.8 %FGG) were defined as level 5-minced and moist foods.

Incidence of lumbar spondylolysis in athletes with low back pain: A systematic evaluation and single-arm meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is a common chief complaint from athletes. Lumbar spondylolysis (LS) is a common sport injury. Severe LS is likely to cause spinal instability, resulting in lumbar spondylolisthesis or lumbar disc herniation, and even damage to the spinal nerve roots. The incidence of LS is approximately 5% in the adult population, and nearly half of young athletes with LBP are diagnosed with LS. This meta-analysis analyzed the incidence of LS in athletes with LBP. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for published case report and retrospective analyses related to the topic from the date of database creation to January 1,2023. Relevant literature was screened and information extracted, and risk of bias was assessed for included studies using the methodological index for non-randomized-studies scale. Single-arm Meta-analysis was performed using R4.04 software. Heterogeneity was quantified by Cochran Q test and Higgins I2. Funnel plots were used to visualize publication bias, and Egger test and Begg test were used to statistical tests. RESULTS: A total of 9 studies (835 patients) were included in this study. Meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of LS in athletes with LBP was estimated at 41.7%, [95% CI = (0.28-0.55)], but this prevalence varied considerably with the gender and age of the athletes. CONCLUSION: The estimated prevalence of LS in athletes with LBP is 41.7%, and future correlations between the prevalence of LS in adolescent athletes worldwide need to be assessed from different perspectives, including biomechanical, hormonal, anatomical, behavioral, and gender differences.

The novel peptide athycaltide-1 attenuates Ang II-induced pathological myocardial hypertrophy by reducing ROS and inhibiting the activation of CaMKII and ERK1/2.

Pathological myocardial hypertrophy initially develops as an adaptive response to cardiac stress, which can be induced by many diseases. It is accompanied by adverse cardiovascular events, including heart failure, arrhythmias, and death. The purpose of this research was to explore the molecular mechanism of a novel peptide Athycaltide-1 (ATH-1) in the treatment of Ang II-induced pathological myocardial hypertrophy. In this study, the mRNA of Control group, Ang II group, ATH-1 group and Losartan group mice were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in cell response to oxidative stress, regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolism and calmodulin binding. Then, the oxidation level of mouse hearts and H9c2 cardiomyocytes in each group and the expression of key proteins of CaMKII/HDAC/MEF2C and ERK1/2 signaling pathways were detected to preliminarily verify the positive effect of ATH-1. At the same time, the effect of ATH-1 was further determined by adding reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and CaMKII inhibitor AIP in vitro. The results showed that ATH-1 could significantly reduce the level of oxidative stress in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes and inhibiting the activation of CaMKII and ERK1/2.