Inhibition of polyphenols on Maillard reaction products and their induction of related diseases: A comprehensive review.

BACKGROUND: Food products undergo a pronounced Maillard reaction (MR) during the cooking process, leading to the generation of substantial quantities of Maillard reaction products (MRPs). Within this category, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), acrylamide (AA), and heterocyclic amines (HAs) have been implicated as potential risk factors associated with the development of diseases. PURPOSE: To explore the effects of polyphenols, a class of bioactive compounds found in plants, on the inhibition of MRPs and related diseases. Previous research has mainly focused on their interactions with proteins and their effects on the gastrointestinal tract and other diseases, while fewer studies have examined their inhibitory effects on MRPs. The aim is to offer a scientific reference for future research investigating the inhibitory role of polyphenols in the MR. METHODS: The databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library were searched for appropriate research. RESULTS: Polyphenols have the potential to inhibit the formation of harmful MRPs and prevent related diseases. The inhibition of MRPs by polyphenols primarily occurs through the following mechanisms: trapping α-dicarbonyl compounds, scavenging free radicals, chelating metal ions, and preserving protein structure. Simultaneously, polyphenols exhibit the ability to impede the onset and progression of related diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease through diverse pathways. CONCLUSION: This review presents that inhibition of polyphenols on Maillard reaction products and their induction of related diseases. Further research is imperative to enhance our comprehension of additional pathways affected by polyphenols and to fully uncover their potential application value in inhibiting MRPs.

Synthesis of Hierarchical ZnFe2O4@SiO2@RGO Core-Shell Microspheres for Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Hierarchical structured ZnFe2O4@SiO2@RGO core-shell nanocomposites were prepared via a "coating-coating" route, and its structure, composition and electromagnetic properties were characterized. Compared with the binary composites of ZnFe2O4@SiO2, the hierarchical ZnFe2O4@SiO2@RGO ternary composites exhibited enhanced electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption properties in terms of the effective bandwidth and minimum reflection loss (RL). Furthermore, EMW absorption properties of the prepared samples can be tuned by changing RGO content and thickness of SiO2 layer to reach the best impedance match. The minimum RL of the sample with a thickness of 2.8 mm can reach -43.9 dB at 13.9 GHz, and its effective bandwidth (RL ≤ -10 dB) was up to 6 GHz. Hence, the obtained products can be a new candidate for lightweight EMW absorbing materials.

Cu-doped zinc oxide and its polythiophene composites: preparation and antibacterial properties.

Cu-doped zinc oxide and its polythiophene nanocomposites were prepared by the Sol-Gel and in situ polymerization methods, respectively. The structures, morphologies and compositions of the samples were characterized. The antibacterial properties of the samples on three kinds of strains were determined by using powder inhibition zones, minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations. The study confirmed that the antibacterial activities of the composites were better than those of their each component. The antibacterial mechanisms of the samples were discussed further.

Preparation and antibacterial activities of polyaniline/Cu0.05Zn0.95O nanocomposites.

Polyaniline/Cu(0.05)Zn(0.95)O (PANI/CZO) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ inverse microemulsion method. Based on the characterization of the crystal structure, chemical composition, and morphology of the samples, it was confirmed that CZO nanoparticles were incorporated into the polyaniline matrix. Studies of the antimicrobial activities of the samples against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were carried out using powder inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentrations methods. The results showed clearly that, as an antibacterial agent, PANI/CZO nanocomposites exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against the growth of microorganisms. Furthermore, the antibacterial mechanism of the samples was also deduced in this paper.

One-pot synthesis of biocompatible Te@phenol formaldehyde resin core-shell nanowires with uniform size and unique fluorescent properties by a synergized soft-hard template process.

One-pot hydrothermal process has been developed to synthesize uniform Te@phenol formaldehyde resin core-shell nanowires with unique fluorescent properties. A synergistic soft-hard template mechanism has been proposed to explain the formation of the core-shell nanowires. The Te@phenol formaldehyde resin core-shell nanowires display unique fluorescent properties, which give strong luminescent emission in the blue-violet and green regions with excitation wavelengths of 270 nm and 402 nm, respectively.

Multifunctional polypyrrole/strontium hexaferrite composite microspheres: preparation, characterization, and properties.

Polypyrrole (PPY)/SrFe12O19 composites with tunable electrical and magnetic properties were synthesized by in situ polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of SrFe12O19 particles. The structure of PPY/SrFe12O19 composites was characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope images illustrated that the spherical composites consisted of SrFe12O19 hexagonal plates sheathed by PPY. In the electromagnetic measurments, it was found that the ac conductivity of SrFe12O19 particles increased while the saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization, and coercivity decreased after PPY coating; moreover, the desired electrical and magnetic properties of PPY/SrFe12O19 composites can be modulated simply by controlling the contents of SrFe12O19 particles. A possible mechanism was also proposed to interpret the formation of the PPY/SrFe12O19 composites.

[Synthesis and DNA-binding properties of three compounds containing pyridinecarboxamide].

N, N'-bis(2-pyridinecarboxamide)-1,2-ethane(H2L1), N, N'-bis(2-pyridinecarboxamide)-1, 2-beneze(H2L2) and N-phenylpyridine-2-carboxamide(HL3) were synthesized, and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and HNMR spectra. UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectra, fluorescence spectra and SERS spectra to study the interaction of the three ligands with calf thymus DNA. UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectra show that with the incremental addition of DNA, the bands of H2L1, H2L2 and HL3 all show Hypochromism. Meanwhile fluorescence spectra show that the addition of the three ligands to DNA pretreated with EB causes an appreciable reduction in fluorescence intensity, indicating that the ligands compete with ethidium bromide in binding to DNA, and free ethidium bromide increases. The addition of DNA causes the SERS signals of the ligands to weakened and some bands to disappeared. Based on the above experimental results, we conclude that the three ligands bind to DNA mainly through the intercalation mode. The binding constant of the three compouds Kb was calculated, 1.20 x 10(4) for H2L1, 1.33 x 10(4) for H2L2 and is 1.52 x 10(4) for HL3. Kr was also calculated to be 0.67, 1.52 and 1.73 for H2L1, H2L2 and HL3, respectively. The value indicates that the binding of HL3 to DNA is stronger than that of H2L1 and H2L2, as HI3 has proper planar structure, smaller molecular volume and less steric hindrance. The three ligands can all induce the cleavage of plasmid pBR322 DNA. An increase in H2L1, H2L2 and HL3 concentrations causes more transformation of plasmid DNA from closed circular conformations to nicked conformations. But linear conformations have not been observed. The cleavage of plasmid pBR322 DNA caused by the three ligands is not selective.

Preparation and magnetic properties of Zn-Cu-Cr-La ferrite and its nanocomposites with polyaniline.

Nanosized Zn(0.6)Cu(0.4)Cr(0.5)Fe(1.5-x)La(x)O(4) (x=0 - 0.06) ferrites doped with La are synthesized by a rheological phase reaction method. Polyaniline (PANI)/ferrite nanocomposites are prepared by in situ polymerization method. The structure, morphology and ferromagnetic property of ferrite powders and nanocomposites are characterized by X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results indicate that the PANI and nanosized ferrite powders can be combined effectively. The polymers can reduce the agglomeration of nanosized ferrite particles to some extent, which is good for the dispersedness and stabilization of nanoparticles. The PANI/ferrite nanocomposites under applied magnetic field exhibit the hysteretic loops of the ferromagnetic nature. The magnetic properties of nanocomposites are tailored by controlling the ferrite content.

[Rheological phase synthesis and characterization of lanthanum salicylate and luminescence properties of Tb3+ -doped lanthanum salicylate].

Lanthanum salicylate and Tb3+ -doped lanthanum salicylate were synthesized with the rheological phase reaction method. Elemental analysis, IR, TG, DTA and powder X-ray diffraction were investigated to determine the composition, crystal structure and coordination manner between the COO- and ion La3+ of lanthanum salicylate. The emission and excitation spectra of Tb3+ -doped lanthanum salicylate were also discussed. Powder X-ray diffraction suggests that the compound has a layered monoclinic structure, and the lattice parameters are a = 21.6010 A, b = 13.8015 A , c = 3.8103 A, beta = 97.11 degrees, V = 1127.2 A3, Z = 2, rhocal = 1.621 g x cm(-3) and rhoexp = 1.653 g x cm(-3). The Tb3+ -doped lanthanum salicylate exhibits very strong green luminescence of Tb3+ under the excitation of UV light. And the transition from 5D4 to 7F5 is the strongest one.