[Construction methods of urban ecological corridor for birds: A review]. / åŸºäºŽé¸Ÿç±»è§†è§’çš„åŸŽå¸‚ç”Ÿæ€å»Šé“æž„å»ºæ–¹æ³•ç ”ç©¶ç»¼è¿°.

The ecological corridors considering bird movement characteristics and habitat requirements would mitigate species extinction caused by habitat loss or habitat fragmentation and facilitate species gene dispersal and exchange. These functions may in turn benefit urban residents' physical and mental health as well as appreciation of real estates. Nonetheless, main ecological corridor construction methods developed by foreign scholars have not internally considered the movement and habitat characteristics of birds, while corridor research for birds by domestic scholars have focused on explorations of foreign technical methods yet lacked enough knowledge on studied birds' characteristics. Therefore, there is still much room for improvement in the study of urban ecological corridor construction from the perspective of birds. Based on the analyses of domestic and foreign related research from 1975 to 2020, we identified seven corridor construction methods and three corridor optimization methods within which bird ecology can be integrated. The advantages, drawbacks, and applicable scenarios of all the methods were explored accordingly. Finally, we argued that the develop-ment of computational models, which could not only combine bird species' observation data and spatial movement data with landscape structures but could also possess efficient computation power as well as simulate corridor's ecological benefits, would be a trend for constructing ecological corridor for birds.

LncRNA PCAT1 promotes metastasis of endometrial carcinoma through epigenetical downregulation of E-cadherin associated with methyltransferase EZH2.

More than 140 thousands of women suffer from endometrial carcinoma in the worldwide, and over 40 thousand of the patients die before and after in surgery and chemoradiotherapy because of its metastasis. However, its molecular mechanism is much less known compared to other cancers. In this study, we demonstrated that long non-coding RNA PCAT1 is dramatically increased in the tissues and plasma from endometrial carcinoma (EC) (n = 100, all p < 0.001) controlled by its paracancerous tissue, and cell lines including RL-952, HEC-1-B, KLE, Ishikawa, and AN3CA compared to the cells from normal endometrium (all p < 0.001). When lncRNA PCAT1 was knocked-down, the KLE and AN3CA cells exhibited slow capability on proliferation and colony formation in vitro. With the silence of lncRNA PCAT1, the cells were markedly inhibited on migration and invasion in vitro (all p < 0.001), which were confirmed on the EC patient subjects. When expressions of lncRNA PCAT1 were interfered in the cells, expressions of E-cadherin but not N-cadherin and Vimentin were significantly promoted with a strong up-regulation accompanied by nearly completed recoveries on migration and invasion (all p < 0.001). In order to analyze the association of lncRNA PCAT1 and E-cadherin, we silenced the expressions of both genes and unveiled that EC migration and invasion were significantly congested (all p < 0.001). Importantly, we found that the E-cadherin down-regulation caused by lncRNA PCAT1 associates with histone methyltransferase EZH2. When over-expression of EZH2 was applied in the PCAT1 silenced cells, the expression of E-cadherin experienced significant decrease in the cell lines. Reversely, when expression of EZH2 was annulled in the PCAT1 silenced cells, the expression of E-cadherin was significantly boosted in the cells (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, the interaction of lncRNA PCAT1 and EZH2 were approved with immunoprecipitation. Our data demonstrated that the methyltransferase EZH2 related up-regulation of lncRNA PCAT1 along with down-regulation of E-cadherin could be essential in oncogenesis of endometrial carcinoma in both EC cells and patient subjects. These compact data suggest that combination of lncRNA PCAT1, EZH2 and E-cadherin could provide valued information for efficient EC diagnostics, which would propose a potential target for EC treatment with EZH2i on methyltransferation.

Effect of Laparoscopic Nerve-Sparing Radical Hysterectomy on Bladder Function Recovery.

Background: Radical hysterectomy could result in dysfunctions of pelvic organs and a decline in quality of life. Method: 298 patients who had underwent laparoscopic radical hysterectomy were retrospectively analyzed in this study, of which 216 patients had underwent laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy (LNSRH) and 82 had underwent classical laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH). The mean duration of the postoperative catheterization, a questionnaire and an urodynamic examination were used to assess the bladder functions. Results: The mean duration of the postoperative catheterization in the LNSRH group was shorter than that in the LRH group (13 days versus 18 days, p < 0.01). The incidences of tension urinary incontinence, postoperative voiding time and dysuria symptoms in the LNSRH group, but not in the LRH group, had recovered to preoperative levels in the following 6 months. The frequency of nocturnal urination had recovered to preoperative level at 12 months post-operation in the LNSRH group. The maximum flow rate (MFR), average flow rate (AFR), first voiding sense (FVS), maximum voiding sense (MVS) and maximum detrusor pressure (MDP) in the LNSRH group were better than those in the LRH group (p < 0.05), and patients in the LRH group suffered much more frequently from tension urinary incontinence, prolonged urination time, dysuria and urinary endless compared with those in the LNSRH group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: LNSRH can effectively retain the bladder function, but we should pay attention to the invasion of peripheral nerves.

Ureteral endometriosis in patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis: characteristics and management from a single-center retrospective study.

PURPOSE: As a serious type of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE), ureteral endometriosis (UE) can result in decreased kidney function. The aims of this study are to investigate risk factors and surgical treatments for UE. METHODS: The study enrolled 329 patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis, who were treated with laparoscopic surgery between January 2014 to September 2018. All patients were divided into one of two groups: UE or non-UE. Clinical information and other surgery variables of the two groups were examined. RESULT: Out of 329 patients with DIE, 68 (20.67%) cases of UE were diagnosed. Among them, 37 patients also had hydroureteronephrosis. In a multivariate analysis, the variables revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) stage IV, uterosacral ligament (USL) DIE lesion ≥ 3 cm in diameter and previous surgery for endometriosis significantly increased the risk of UE. A total of 27.03% (10/37) of patients with UE and hydroureteronephrosis showed decreased kidney function. Ureterolysis was performed in 59 patients, and an ureteroneocystostomy was performed in 9 patients. A double-J stent was placed in 37 patients with UE. Only 1 patient developed acute pyelonephritis postoperatively. During more than 2 years of follow-up, no patient experienced recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The variables of rAFS stage IV, USL DIE lesion ≥ 3 cm in diameter and previous surgery for endometriosis significantly increased the risk of UE. Laparoscopic ureterolysis and ureteroneocystostomy are feasible and safe procedures with low complication and recurrence rates.

Relationships of interleukin-10 with the regulatory T cell ratio and prognosis of cervical cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels, changes in peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell (PBCDT) ratios, and the prognosis of cervical cancer (CC) patients. METHODS: Seventy patients with CC composed the observation group, and 70 healthy subjects composed the control group. The PBCDT ratios in the CC patients and healthy subjects were calculated. Serum IL-10 levels were detected with a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The PBCDT ratio was higher in the patients with active CC [12.16±2.41%] than in the control subjects [6.34±1.05%]. Serum IL-10 levels were higher in the patients with CC [384±106 pg/ml] than in the control subjects [104±50 pg/ml]; the differences in both PBCDT ratio and IL-10 level were statistically significant (p<0.01). Serum IL-10 levels were positively correlated with PBCDT ratios (r=0.375, p<0.05). The 5-year patient survival rate was significantly higher in the low serum IL-10 group (64.2%) than in the high serum IL-10 group (42.8%, p=0.012). CONCLUSIONS: PBCDT ratios and serum IL-10 levels are related to CC activity. These factors are reciprocally related and influence one another, and both are involved in the development and progression of CC. Low IL-10 expression is beneficial regarding the survival of patients with CC.

Relationships of interleukin-10 with the regulatory T cell ratio and prognosis of cervical cancer patients

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels, changes in peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell (PBCDT) ratios, and the prognosis of cervical cancer (CC) patients. METHODS: Seventy patients with CC composed the observation group, and 70 healthy subjects composed the control group. The PBCDT ratios in the CC patients and healthy subjects were calculated. Serum IL-10 levels were detected with a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The PBCDT ratio was higher in the patients with active CC [12.16±2.41%] than in the control subjects [6.34±1.05%]. Serum IL-10 levels were higher in the patients with CC [384±106 pg/ml] than in the control subjects [104±50 pg/ml]; the differences in both PBCDT ratio and IL-10 level were statistically significant (p<0.01). Serum IL-10 levels were positively correlated with PBCDT ratios (r=0.375, p<0.05). The 5-year patient survival rate was significantly higher in the low serum IL-10 group (64.2%) than in the high serum IL-10 group (42.8%, p=0.012). CONCLUSIONS: PBCDT ratios and serum IL-10 levels are related to CC activity. These factors are reciprocally related and influence one another, and both are involved in the development and progression of CC. Low IL-10 expression is beneficial regarding the survival of patients with CC.

Clinical study of the impact on ovarian reserve by different hemostasis methods in laparoscopic cystectomy for ovarian endometrioma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of different hemostasis methods on ovarian reserve in laparoscopic cystectomy in treatment of ovarian endometrioma for the long-term. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 207 patients with ovarian endometrioma, aged from 18 years to 45 years, were randomized into three groups: Group A (69 patients) treated by bipolar electrocoagulation hemostasis in laparoscopic cystectomy for ovarian endometrioma; Group B (69 patients) with ultrasound scalpel hemostasis; and Group C (69 patients) with suture technique hemostasis. The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were observed and compared at the 3(rd) day of the 1(st), 3(rd), 6(th), and 12(th) menstrual cycle after surgery. RESULTS: (1) A total of 13 out of 207 patients failed; four in Group A, five in Group B, and four in Group C. There was no statistically significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). The failure rate was the highest during the 3(rd) month in the follow up (10 cases). (2) FSH: at the 1(st) month, 3(rd) month, 6(th) month, and 12(th) month follow up, FSH was higher in Group A and Group B than in Group C (p < 0.05). (3) AMH: AMH was significantly lower in Group A and Group B than in Group C (p < 0.05) during the same period. (4) AFC: no difference of AFC was observed at the 1(st) month and 3(rd) month (p > 0.05), whereas at the 6(th) month and 12(th) month, AFC in Group C was obviously higher than that in Group A and Group B (p < 0.05). (5) PSV: at the 1(st) month, 3(rd) month, 6(th) month, and 12(th) month follow up, PSV was significantly lower in Group A and in Group B than in Group C (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ultrasonic scalpel or bipolar electrocoagulation hemostasis applied to laparoscopic cystectomy is associated with a significant reduction of ovarian reserve. Electrocoagulation of hemostasis should be used with caution.

MicroRNA-340 Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Inactivation of NF-x03BA;B1.

AIMS: Aberrant expression of microRNA-340 (miR-340) has been frequently reported in some cancers excluding ovarian cancer (OC). The role and its molecular mechanism of miR-340 in OC have not been reported. METHODS: Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-340 in OC cell lines. MiR-340 mimic and negative control were transfected into OC cells and the effects of miR-340 on the cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and metastasis were investigated by Brdu-ELISA assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, Transwell and ELISA assays. Furthermore, protein level of NF-x03BA;B1 was measured by Western blotting. Meanwhile, luciferase assays were performed to validate NF-x03BA;B1 as miR-340 target in OC cells. RESULTS: In this study, we explored the effects of miR-340 overexpression on apoptosis, invasion and EMT in OC cells. The mRNA level of miR-340 in OC cell lines and tissues was evidently reduced. The miR-340 mimic was transiently transfected into OC cells using Lipofectamine™ 2000 reagent. Subsequently, the Brdu-ELISA results showed that introduction of miR-340 inhibited cell proliferation. Our data also demonstrated that miR-340 mimic arrested cell cycle progression and promoted apoptosis of OC cells. In addition, miR-340 overexpression could also inhibit invasion and EMT of OC cells. qRT-PCR were used to determined the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and -9) in OC cells. Next, we found that NF-x03BA;B1 expression was evidently reduced by up-regulation of miR-340. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the NF-x03BA;B1 was a potential target gene of miR-340. Luciferase reporter assay further confirmed that miR-340 could directly target the 3' UTR of NF-x03BA;B1. Moreover, overexpression of NF-x03BA;B1 in OC cells transfected with miR-340 mimic partially reversed the inhibitory of miR-340 mimic. CONCLUSION: miR-340 induced cell apoptosis and inhibited metastasis in OC cells by down-regulation of NF-x03BA;B1.

[Application of carbon nanoparticles in the laparoscopic sentinel lymph node detection in patients with cervical cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of laparoscopic sentinel lymph node(SLN) detection with carbon nanoparticles tracer in cervical carcinoma. METHODS: Totally 21 patients with confirmed early cervical cancer were enrolled in this study.Before laparoscopic extended hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenoetomy(and para-aortic lymphadenoectomy) , they were injected with carbon nanoparticles suspension injection tracer from cervical neck before surgery. The black-staining lymph nodes were cut as SLN under the laparoscope for routine pathological examination. RESULTS: Of these 21 patients, at least one SLN was successfully detected in 20 patients(95.24%) , and a total of 158 SLNs were detected.The conventional pathology results suggested that 5 patients(23.81%) had positive lymph nodes(n=16, including 14 in 4 patients) . The new approach showed a sensitivity of 80.0%(4/5) , accuracy of 100.0%(20/20) , and negative predictive value of 100.0%(16/16) for SLN detection. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic SLN detection with carbon nanoparticles tracer is a relative safe and sensitive method for in cervical carcinoma.

[Short term clinical outcomes of laparoscopic fertility preserving radical hysterectomy in the management of early stage cervical cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of laparoscopic radical trachelectomy and lymphadenectomy in the treatment of early-stage cervical cancer. METHODS: The clinical data of 6 patients (stage 1a2 to 1b1), who underwent laparoscopic fertility-preserving radical operation for cervical cancer in our department from February 2009 to October 2010, were retrospectively analyzed in terms of operation duration, intra-operative blood loss, postoperative pathology, complications, and pregnancy. RESULTS: Both radical resection of cervical and pelvic lymph node dissection were completed under laparoscopy, and only the cervical and vaginal cuffs were closed from vagina. The operation duration ranged 155-210 min (mean: 185 min) and the intra-operative blood loss was approximately 60-120 ml(mean: 105 ml). The average length of hospital stay was 18 days without complications, postoperative infection, and bleeding. Postoperative pathology showed no lymph node metastasis, and no ligament, blood vessels, vaginal cutting margin, or upper part of cervix was invaded by tumor cells. During the 8-20-month follow-up, 1 patient had become pregnant for 4 months and no case experienced tumor recurrence. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic fertility-preserving lymphadenectomy and radical trachelectomy is feasible for patients with early-stage cervical cancer who have strong wish to have a child.

[Effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic presacral neurectomy in treating endometriosis-associated pain].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic presacral neurectomy (LPN) in treating endometriosis-associated pain. METHODS: Totally 64 patients with endometriosis were divided into two groups using prospective non-random method. Patients in the control group received only the conventional laparoscopic resection of endometriosis lesions, while patients in the LPN group underwent LPN in addition to the resection of endometriosis lesions. The pre-operative pain scores, intra-operative staging results, surgical duration, intra-surgical blood loss, post-operative pain relief were compared between these two groups. RESULTS: These two groups showed no significant differences in terms of age, body weight, pre-operative pain score, surgery staging, surgical duration, and intra-operative blood loss (all P > 0.05). All patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months (median: 12.8 months). The post-operative pain relief rate was 89.28% (25/ 28) in LPN group and 61.29% (19/31) in the control group (P = 0.030). CONCLUSION: LPN can effectively and safely in treating endometriosis and its associated pain.