Study on curve optimization and structural safety effect of south roof of solar greenhouse in China.

To maximize the use of solar energy and increase the building area of solar greenhouses in China, a light radiation model for solar greenhouses is established. This model integrates previous research results with the solar motion principle, meteorological data and the optical properties of materials. The results indicate that optimizing the structural curve of the south roof of the greenhouse improves both internal land utilization and solar capture. After optimization, the internal land utilization rate of the solar greenhouse increased by 42 m2, with a respective 15.2 and 0.78% increase in lighting on the southern roof and ground. The light interception by the back wall of the greenhouse was reduced by 0.67%, while the total light interception increased by 2.22%. The research results identify the optimal shoulder height (0.7 m) and overall height (2 m) for the second-generation solar greenhouse in Liaoshen. The optimal curve functions Y 1 and Y 2 for the south roofs of greenhouses are calculated according to the actual construction requirements. This article verifies the structural safety of the solar greenhouse after renovation and shows that optimizing the shoulder height increases the structural stability and safety of the greenhouse.

Prognostic effect of surgical treatment in elderly oral squamous cell carcinoma patients: A retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors in head and neck. However, few studies have focused on the postoperative prognosis of elderly OSCC patients undergoing surgical resection and reconstruction. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 349 patients diagnosed OSCC in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2016 to December 2022. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics were recorded. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to identify the impact of age and reconstruction types on the prognosis of OSCC patients. Univariable regression analysis and multivariable Cox analysis were conducted to find independent prognostic factors of the younger and elderly OSCC patients. RESULTS: Among 349 OSCC patients included in this retrospective study, 241 (69.1 %) were elderly patients and 108 (30.9 %) were younger patients. The two groups were comparable according to the demographic records. The elderly group presented a better recurrence-specific prognosis than that of the younger group (RFS: p = 0.0324). There are no remarkable differences on the prognosis of different reconstructive types. Gender, current address, life habit, invasion patterns, and TNM stage were identified as independent prognostic factors of the younger and elderly OSCC patients. CONCLUSION: Elderly OSCC patients achieve a better recurrence-free survival than that of the younger patients. Meanwhile, the recurrence of OSCC patients is independent of their demographic and clinicopathological features. Elderly OSCC patients will benefit from aggressive surgical treatment as the younger patients.

O-GlcNAcylation: roles and potential therapeutic target for bone pathophysiology.

O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) protein modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is a critical post-translational modification (PTM) of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins. O-GlcNAcylation levels are regulated by the activity of two enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O­GlcNAcase (OGA). While OGT attaches O-GlcNAc to proteins, OGA removes O-GlcNAc from proteins. Since its discovery, researchers have demonstrated O-GlcNAcylation on thousands of proteins implicated in numerous different biological processes. Moreover, dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation has been associated with several pathologies, including cancers, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on progress in our understanding of the role of O-GlcNAcylation in bone pathophysiology, and we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation modulation of bone-related diseases. In addition, we explore significant advances in the identification of O-GlcNAcylation-related regulators as potential therapeutic targets, providing novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of bone-related disorders.

Primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma resembling infratemporal space infection: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma belonging to the CD30 + T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. The case of PC-ALCL in the temporal region is exceedingly rare. Herein, we report a case of PC-ALCL involving the temporal region mimicking infratemporal space infection. CASE PRESENTATION: A 78-year-old woman presented to maxillofacial surgery service with a 6-month history of swelling and pain in the left side of her face. Laboratory investigations found an elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). Imaging findings showed enlarged lymph nodes and extensive thickening of subcutaneous tissue of the left temples. Based on these findings, the infratemporal space infection was suspected initially. The patient underwent incision and drainage, and we unexpectedly found no pus in the lesion area. Incisional biopsy showed necrosis and extensive involvement of the left temples by a diffuse infiltrate containing large, atypical cells. The tumor cells were positive for CD30, CD3, Ki67. They were negative for ALK (SP8), CD5, CD8, CD20 and PAX5. After considering these findings, a diagnosis of PC-ALCL was rendered. The patient was admitted to the lymphoma department for systemic chemotherapy and no relapse occurred during a follow-up period of six months. CONCLUSIONS: This report suggests that if there are suspicious intraoperative manifestations, carrying out a biopsy simultaneously, using Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and a comprehensive Immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel are essential to diagnosing PC-ALCL to prevent misdiagnosis.

The Effect of Short-Term Artificial Feed Domestication on the Expression of Oxidative-Stress-Related Genes and Antioxidant Capacity in the Liver and Gill Tissues of Mandarin Fish (Siniperca chuatsi).

To investigate whether Mandarin fish developed oxidative stress after being domesticated with artificial feed, we conducted a series of experiments. Oxidative stress is an important factor leading to diseases and aging in the body. The liver integrates functions such as digestion, metabolism, detoxification, coagulation, and immune regulation, while the gills are important respiratory organs that are sensitive to changes in the water environment. Therefore, we used the liver and gills of Mandarin fish as research materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term artificial feed domestication on the expression of oxidative stress genes and the changes in oxidative-stress-related enzyme activity in the liver and gills of Mandarin fish. We divided the Mandarin fish into two groups for treatment. The control group was fed with live bait continuously for 14 days, while the experimental group was fed with half artificial feed and half live bait from 0 to 7 days (T-7 d), followed by solely artificial feed from 7 to 14 days (T-14 d). The experimental results showed that there was no difference in the body weight, length, and standard growth rate of the Mandarin fish between the two groups of treatments; after two treatments, there were differences in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress in the gills (keap1, kappa, gsta, gstt1, gstk1, SOD, and CAT) and in the liver (GPx, keap1, kappa, gsta, gstt1, gr, and SOD). In the liver, GPx activity and the content of MDA were significantly upregulated after 7 days of domestication, while in the gills, SOD activity was significantly upregulated after 7 days of domestication and GPx activity was significantly downregulated after 14 days of domestication. These results suggest that artificial feed domestication is associated with oxidative stress. Moreover, these results provide experimental basic data for increasing the production of aquaculture feed for Mandarin fish.

Allometric Growth Pattern and Hunger Tolerance of Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker Larvae.

To clarify the allometric growth pattern and hunger tolerance of Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker larvae, the morphological lengths of their functional organs were measured continuously and their primary feeding rates under a state of starvation were studied. A control group and starvation group were set up for this study, and 10 larvae were sampled from each group every day in order to study their allometric growth pattern and starvation tolerance. The results indicated that the Hemibarbus maculatus larvae opened their mouths for feeding at 4 days after hatching, and that the yolk sac disappeared completely at 11 days after hatching. The Hemibarbus maculatus larvae preferentially developed their heads, fins, and eyes, related to the functions of feeding, balancing, and swimming, in order to cope with complex environments. The growth inflection points for the head length, pectoral fin length, dorsal fin length, eye diameter, eye spacing, snout length, and body height were characterized by total lengths of 10.93 mm, 11.67 mm, 11.67 mm, 13.17 mm, 16.53 mm, 15.13 mm, and 15.13 mm, respectively. Prior to and following the inflection point, positive allometric growth was observed in all organs. After the inflection point, the dorsal fin continued to maintain positive allometric growth, while the others changed to isometric allometric growth. A growth inflection point was not observed for trunk length or the lengths of the tail and anal fins. The trunk length always maintained negative allometry, while the tail and anal fin lengths were reversed. The growth inflection point of the tail length was at a total length of 13.68 mm. Before and after the growth inflection point, negative and isometric allometric growths were observed, respectively. According to the relationship between the total length and number of days after hatching, the growth inflection point of the Hemibarbus maculatus larvae was concentrated at TL = 10.93-16.53 mm, which was observed 14-20 days after hatching. The point of no return for the Hemibarbus maculatus larvae was 12-13 days after hatching, and the ratio of days after hatching in the mixed trophic period to the endotrophic period was 1.75, indicating that the larvae had strong hunger tolerance. Therefore, when considering a water temperature of 22.66 ± 1.56 °C, 4-5 days after hatching is the best time to cultivate in the pond, and it should not be carried out later than 12 days after hatching.

Review: Protein O-GlcNAcylation regulates DNA damage response: A novel target for cancer therapy.

The DNA damage response (DDR) safeguards the stable genetic information inheritance by orchestrating a complex protein network in response to DNA damage. However, this mechanism can often hamper the effectiveness of radiotherapy and DNA-damaging chemotherapy in destroying tumor cells, causing cancer resistance. Inhibiting DDR can significantly improve tumor cell sensitivity to radiotherapy and DNA-damaging chemotherapy. Thus, DDR can be a potential target for cancer treatment. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of DDR-associated proteins profoundly affect their activity and function by covalently attaching new functional groups. O-GlcNAcylation (O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation) is an emerging PTM associated with adding and removing O-linked N-acetylglucosamine to serine and threonine residues of proteins. It acts as a dual sensor for nutrients and stress in the cell and is sensitive to DNA damage. However, the explanation behind the specific role of O-GlcNAcylation in the DDR remains remains to be elucidated. To illustrate the complex relationship between O-GlcNAcylation and DDR, this review systematically describes the role of O-GlcNAcylation in DNA repair, cell cycle, and chromatin. We also discuss the defects of current strategies for targeting O-GlcNAcylation-regulated DDR in cancer therapy and suggest potential directions to address them.

Functional significance of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine protein modification in regulating autophagy.

Autophagy is a core molecular pathway that preserves cellular and organismal homeostasis. Being susceptible to nutrient availability and stress, eukaryotic cells recycle or degrade internal components via membrane transport pathways to provide sustainable biological molecules and energy sources. The dysregulation of this highly conserved physiological process has been strongly linked to human disease. Post-translational modification, a mechanism that regulates protein function, plays a crucial role in autophagy regulation. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine protein modification (O-GlcNAcylation), a monosaccharide post-translational modification of intracellular proteins, is essential in nutritional and stress regulatory mechanisms. O-GlcNAcylation has emerged as an essential regulatory mechanism of autophagy. It regulates autophagy throughout its lifetime by targeting the core components of the autophagy regulatory network. This review provides an overview of the O-GlcNAcylation of autophagy-associated proteins and their regulation and function in the autophagy pathway. Therefore, this article may contribute to further understanding of the role of O-GlcNAc-regulated autophagy and provide new perspectives for the treatment of human diseases.

The mitochondrial regulation in ferroptosis signaling pathway and its potential strategies for cancer.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death, mainly manifested by the production of reactive oxygen species and accumulation of lipid peroxides. It is distinct from other forms of cell death with regard to morphology and biochemistry, particularly in disrupting mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are essential compartments where the organism generates energy and are closely associated with the fate of ferroptosis. Currently, researchers focus on the potential value of ferroptosis and mitochondria for overcoming drug sensitivity and assisting in cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize the main mechanisms of ferroptosis (the GPX4-realated pathway, FSP1-related pathway, and iron metabolism pathway) and the functions and regulating pathways of mitochondria (the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial regulation of iron ions, and mtDNA) in ferroptosis. We believe that exploring the role of mitochondria in ferroptosis will help us understand the potential regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in cancer and help us find new therapeutic targets.

A method for estimating yield of maize inbred lines by assimilating WOFOST model with Sentinel-2 satellite data.

Maize is the most widely planted food crop in China, and maize inbred lines, as the basis of maize genetic breeding and seed breeding, have a significant impact on China's seed security and food safety. Satellite remote sensing technology has been widely used for growth monitoring and yield estimation of various crops, but it is still doubtful whether the existing remote sensing monitoring means can distinguish the growth difference between maize inbred lines and hybrids and accurately estimate the yield of maize inbred lines. This paper explores a method for estimating the yield of maize inbred lines based on the assimilation of crop models and remote sensing data, initially solves the problem. At first, this paper analyzed the WOFOST(World Food Studies)model parameter sensitivity and used the MCMC(Markov Chain Monte Carlo) method to calibrate the sensitive parameters to obtain the parameter set of maize inbred lines differing from common hybrid maize; then the vegetation indices were selected to establish an empirical model with the measured LAI(Leaf Area Index) at three key development stages to obtain the remotely sensed estimated LAI; finally, the yield of maize inbred lines in the study area was estimated and mapped pixel by pixel using the EnKF(Ensemble Kalman Filter) data assimilation algorithm. Also, this paper compares a method of assimilation by setting a single parameter. Instead of the WOFOST parameter optimization process, a parameter representing the growth weakness of the inbred lines was set in WOFOST to distinguish the inbred lines from the hybrids. The results showed that the yield estimated by the two methods compared with the field measured yield data had R2: 0.56 and 0.18, and RMSE: 684.90 Kg/Ha and 949.95 Kg/Ha, respectively, which proved that the crop growth model of maize inbred lines established in this study combined with the data assimilation method could initially achieve the growth monitoring and yield estimation of maize inbred lines.

Expression of YT Domain Family Protein in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Correlation with the Prognosis.

Background: Proteins contained in the conserved YTH521-b homologous (YTH) domain, have m6A-dependent RNA binding activity. As an important part of YTH domain family proteins, YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 were shown to be associated with many cancers. This paper aimed to reveal the relationship between the expression of these two proteins and the clinical prognosis of OSCC, providing certain guidance for clinical treatment of OSCC. Methods: We detected the expression of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 in 120 OSCC patients by immunohistochemical analysis. Statistical analysis was used to determine whether the high or low expression of these two genes was significantly associated with age, gender, histological type, clinical stage, or lymph node metastasis. The correlation curve and survival curve of the two genes were produced to evaluate the potential clinical significance. Results: We find the expression of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 was increased in OSCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. The statistical analysis showed that the expression of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 was significantly associated with the clinical stage and histological type in OSCC patients. There was also a significant correlation between the expression of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3. A high expression of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 was related to poor patient prognosis. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a high expression of YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 may be related to poor patient prognosis.

Molecular Characterization and Expression Pattern of leptin in Yellow Cheek Carp (Elopichthys bambusa) and Its Transcriptional Changes in Response to Fasting and Refeeding.

Leptin, a secretory protein encoded by obese genes, plays an important role in regulating feeding and energy metabolism in fish. To study the structure and function of the Leptin gene in yellow cheek carp (Elopichthys bambusa), the full-length cDNA sequence of leptin was cloned, named EbLep. The full-length cDNA of Eblep was 1140 bp, and the length of the open reading frame (ORF), which can encode a protein of 174 amino acids, was 525 bp. The signal peptide was predicted to contain 33 amino acids. Sequence alignment showed that the amino acid sequence of Leptin was conserved in cyprinid fish. Despite large differences between primary structures, the tertiary structure of the EbLep protein was similar to that of the human protein and had four α-helices. The EbLep mRNA transcript was detected in all tested tissues, with the highest expression in the liver and lowest expression in the spleen. In this study, short-term fasting significantly increased the mRNA expression of EbLep in the liver, which returned to a normal level after 6 days of refeeding and was significantly lower than the normal level after 28 days of refeeding. In the brain, the mRNA expression of EbLep significantly decreased during short-term fasting and significantly increased to a higher value than the control group after 1 h of refeeding. It then rapidly decreased to a lower value than the control group after 6 h of refeeding, returning to the normal level after 1 day of refeeding, and significantly decreasing to a lower value than the control group after 28 days of refeeding. To sum up, the change in the mRNA expression of EbLep in the brain and liver may be an adaptive strategy for different energy levels.

Classification and localization of maize leaf spot disease based on weakly supervised learning.

Precisely discerning disease types and vulnerable areas is crucial in implementing effective monitoring of crop production. This forms the basis for generating targeted plant protection recommendations and automatic, precise applications. In this study, we constructed a dataset comprising six types of field maize leaf images and developed a framework for classifying and localizing maize leaf diseases. Our approach involved integrating lightweight convolutional neural networks with interpretable AI algorithms, which resulted in high classification accuracy and fast detection speeds. To evaluate the performance of our framework, we tested the mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of localized disease spot coverage and actual disease spot coverage when relying solely on image-level annotations. The results showed that our framework achieved a mIoU of up to 55.302%, indicating the feasibility of using weakly supervised semantic segmentation based on class activation mapping techniques for identifying disease spots in crop disease detection. This approach, which combines deep learning models with visualization techniques, improves the interpretability of the deep learning models and achieves successful localization of infected areas of maize leaves through weakly supervised learning. The framework allows for smart monitoring of crop diseases and plant protection operations using mobile phones, smart farm machines, and other devices. Furthermore, it offers a reference for deep learning research on crop diseases.

Maize-YOLO: A New High-Precision and Real-Time Method for Maize Pest Detection.

The frequent occurrence of crop pests and diseases is one of the important factors leading to the reduction of crop quality and yield. Since pests are characterized by high similarity and fast movement, this poses a challenge for artificial intelligence techniques to identify pests in a timely and accurate manner. Therefore, we propose a new high-precision and real-time method for maize pest detection, Maize-YOLO. The network is based on YOLOv7 with the insertion of the CSPResNeXt-50 module and VoVGSCSP module. It can improve network detection accuracy and detection speed while reducing the computational effort of the model. We evaluated the performance of Maize-YOLO in a typical large-scale pest dataset IP102. We trained and tested against those pest species that are more damaging to maize, including 4533 images and 13 classes. The experimental results show that our method outperforms the current state-of-the-art YOLO family of object detection algorithms and achieves suitable performance at 76.3% mAP and 77.3% recall. The method can provide accurate and real-time pest detection and identification for maize crops, enabling highly accurate end-to-end pest detection.

Cropformer: A new generalized deep learning classification approach for multi-scenario crop classification.

Accurate and efficient crop classification using remotely sensed data can provide fundamental and important information for crop yield estimation. Existing crop classification approaches are usually designed to be strong in some specific scenarios but not for multi-scenario crop classification. In this study, we proposed a new deep learning approach for multi-scenario crop classification, named Cropformer. Cropformer can extract global features and local features, to solve the problem that current crop classification methods extract a single feature. Specifically, Cropformer is a two-step classification approach, where the first step is self-supervised pre-training to accumulate knowledge of crop growth, and the second step is a fine-tuned supervised classification based on the weights from the first step. The unlabeled time series and the labeled time series are used as input for the first and second steps respectively. Multi-scenario crop classification experiments including full-season crop classification, in-season crop classification, few-sample crop classification, and transfer of classification models were conducted in five study areas with complex crop types and compared with several existing competitive approaches. Experimental results showed that Cropformer can not only obtain a very significant accuracy advantage in crop classification, but also can obtain higher accuracy with fewer samples. Compared to other approaches, the classification performance of Cropformer during model transfer and the efficiency of the classification were outstanding. The results showed that Cropformer could build up a priori knowledge using unlabeled data and learn generalized features using labeled data, making it applicable to crop classification in multiple scenarios.

Prognostic significance of CircRNAs expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

This systematic review was aimed to comprehensively evaluate the clinicopathological and prognostic value of dysregulated expression of circRNAs in OSCC. The research was carried out by searching mainstream electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, and Cochrane Library to collect relevant studies on prognostic role of circRNAs in OSCC. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between circRNAs expression, overall survival (OS), disease/recurrence/progression survival (DFS/RFS/PFS), and clinical parameters. This research included 1813 patients from 26 selected articles. The pooled HR values (95% CIs) in OS were 2.38 (1.92-2.93) for oncogenic circRNAs and 0.43 (0.28-0.66) for tumor-suppressor circRNAs, respectively, in DFS/RFS/PFS were 2.34 (1.73-3.17). The meta-analysis on clinicopathology features showed higher level of oncogenic circRNAs is related to advanced TNM stage, tumor stage, worse histological differentiation, positive lymph node and distant metastasis, while enforced expression of tumor-suppressor circRNAs is related to inferior TNM stage, tumor stage and lymphatic metastasis. In conclusion, our meta-analysis implies that circRNAs may be candidate biomarkers for the prognosis and clinicopathology of OSCC.

The microRNA-10b-Bim axis promotes cancer progression through activating autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Autophagy is related to many cellular mechanisms and dysregulation of autophagy involves the pathological process in cancer. miR-10b activates autophagy, which promotes invasion and migration of OSCC. Its functional role in the mechanism of OSCC to autophagy remains to be unclear. Overexpression of miR-10b was followed by enhanced OSCC invasion and migration and activated autophagic protein, such as LC3II/ATG5. MiR-10b attracted Bim directly according to the Bio-informatics analyses and double luciferases reporter assays. Functional experiments further revealed that miR-10b could promote invasion and migration in vitro. In addition, miR-10b induced autophagy via inhibiting Bim in invasion and migration of OSCC. Notably, animal experiments confirmed that miR-10b-Bim promoted proliferation and autophagy in OSCC. In addition, this study provides a theoretical support for regulating the mechanism of OSCC by inducing autophagy with miR-10b-Bim as a target.

MiR-152-5p suppresses osteogenic differentiation of mandible mesenchymal stem cells by regulating ATG14-mediated autophagy.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis affects the mandible resulting in bone loss. Though impairments are not life threatening, they affect a person's quality-of-life particularly vulnerable elderly. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are novel regulatory factors that play an important role in regulating bone metabolism. Autophagy is evolutionarily conserved intracellular self-degradation process and is vital in the maintenance of both miRNA and bone homeostasis. However, the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of miRNA regulating osteoporosis remains unclear. METHODS: In the study, we established a rat osteoporosis model induced by ovariectomy (OVX) and isolated mesenchymal stem cells from mandible (MMSCs-M). Several miRNAs were identified to regulate osteoporosis in some studies. qRT-PCR was applied to examine the expression of miRNA, autophagy and osteogenic differentiation-related genes. Western blotting assays were performed to detect the expression of autophagy and osteogenic differentiation proteins. Immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscope were used to verify the autophagy activity. Transfecting technology was used to enhance or suppress the expression of miR-152-5p which enable us to observe the relationship between miR-152-5p, autophagy and osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, the measurement of reactive oxygen species was used to investigate the mechanism of autophagy affecting osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS: We found an upregulated expression of miR-152-5p in MMSCs-M in OVX group. Downregulated autophagy-related gene, proteins and autophagosome were detected in vitro of OVX group compared with sham group. Moreover, downregulation of miR-152-5p promoted osteogenic differentiation of MMSCs-M as well as enhanced autophagy-related proteins in OVX group. Conversely, overexpression of miR-152-5p showed opposite effect in sham group. Meanwhile, we found Atg14 (autophagy-related protein homolog 14) was identified to be a direct target of miR-152-5p theoretically and functionally. In other words, we confirmed inhibition of miR-152-5p promoted the osteogenic differentiation via promoting ATG14-mediated autophagy. Furthermore, miR-152-5p/ATG14-mediated autophagy regulated osteogenic differentiation by reducing the endogenous ROS accumulation and maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that miR-152-5p is the first identified to regulate osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting autophagy-related protein ATG14 and regulating oxidative stress and therapeutic inhibition of miR-152-5p may be an efficient anabolic strategy for osteoporosis.

Circ-PKD2 promotes Atg13-mediated autophagy by inhibiting miR-646 to increase the sensitivity of cisplatin in oral squamous cell carcinomas.

Autophagy is an evolutionally conserved catabolic process that degrades cells to maintain homeostasis. Cisplatin-activated autophagy promotes the expression of circ-PKD2, which plays a role as a tumor suppressor gene in the proliferation, migration, and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the role of circ-PKD2 in regulating the sensitivity of OSCC patients to cisplatin remains to be elucidated. Overexpression of circ-PKD2 increased the formation of autophagosomes in OSCC cells and activation of proteins, such as LC3 II/I. Its activation effect on autophagy was, however, alleviated by 3-MA. Bioinformatics analyses and double luciferases reporter assays conducted in this study confirmed the existence of targeted relationships between circ-PKD2 and miR-646 and miR-646 and Atg13. Functional experiments further revealed that miR-646 reversed the autophagy and apoptosis effects of circ-PKD2 in OSCC cells treated with cisplatin. In addition, circ-PKD2 promoted the expression of ATG13 by adsorption of miR-646. Its interference with Atg13 alleviated the activation effects of circ-PKD2 on autophagy and apoptosis of miR-646. Notably, the in vivo animal experiments also confirmed that circ-PKD2 inhibited tumor proliferation and activated autophagy in OSCC cells. This study provides a theoretical basis for using circ-PKD2 as a target to regulate the sensitivity of OSCC patients to cisplatin, thus increasing its chemotherapeutic effects.

MiR-34c-3p upregulates erastin-induced ferroptosis to inhibit proliferation in oral squamous cell carcinomas by targeting SLC7A11.

BACKGROUND: MiRNA is a small molecule RNA that plays an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes., and miR-34c-3p has been demonstrated to be closely related to the occurrence of tumors. Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death characterized by lipid-based reactive oxygen species accumulation. However, it is still unclear how miR-34c-3p influences the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by regulating ferroptosis. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of miR-34c-3p in OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of miR-34c-3p in OSCC and matched normal tissues was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Subsequently, the effect of miR-34c-3p overexpression on cell proliferation and ferroptosis was evaluated using CCK8, colony formation assays, Live/Dead staining, Western blotting analysis, ROS, MDA, and GSH assay. RESULTS: The results showed lower expression of miR-34c-3p in OSSC compared with normal tissues. Overexpression of miR-34c-3p in SCC-25 cells suppressed cell proliferation. In addition, the overexpression of miR-34c-3p promoted ferroptosis by increasing ROS, MDA, and iron and decreasing GSH and GPX4 levels in SCC-25 cells. CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed a novel strategy to upregulate erastin-induced ferroptosis in OSCC through the miR-34c-3p/SLC7A11 axis, suggesting new insights into OSCC and a potentially useful therapeutic strategy for OSCC.