ABSTRACT: The diagnosis of fat embolism syndrome (FES) may present with a constellation of symptoms and continues to be a diagnosis of exclusion. Fat embolism syndrome is a poorly understood syndrome, which is typically associated with orthopedic trauma, most commonly with long bone fractures. Understanding the presentation of FES is essential to provide timely and appropriate interventions and to ensure optimal patient outcomes. The following is a case report of FES in a 39-year-old man following a motor vehicle collision in which he sustained a comminuted fracture of the right femur. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with FES using Gurd criteria in conjunction with frequent assessment of the patient's clinical picture, as well as exclusion of other differential diagnoses. Nurse practitioners and other providers should understand the constellation of symptoms that may be associated with FES to improve prevention and ensure timely intervention.
Embolism, Fat , Male , Humans , Adult , Embolism, Fat/complications , Embolism, Fat/diagnosis , Syndrome
Cystic duct carcinoids are extremely rare tumors. We present a 58-year-old female with carcinoid tumor found within the cystic duct margin following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. She subsequently underwent surgical resection with a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. No standard guidelines currently exist regarding surgical excision of these rare tumors. Therefore, we conducted a thorough review of the literature to recommend complete oncologic surgical resection with re-establishment of biliary continuity as the mainstay of definitive treatment; adjuvant therapy currently remains investigational. Long-term prognosis is good with this approach.
