The effect of malaria-induced alteration of metabolism on piperaquine disposition in Plasmodium yoelii infected mice and predicted in malaria patients.

OBJECTIVES: Malaria-induced alteration of physiological parameters and pharmacokinetic properties of antimalarial drugs may be clinically relevant. Whether and how malaria alters the disposition of piperaquine (PQ) was investigated in this study. METHODS: The effect of malaria on drug metabolism-related enzymes and PQ pharmacokinetic profiles was studied in Plasmodium yoelii-infected mice in vitro/in vivo. Whether the malaria effect was clinically relevant for PQ was evaluated using a validated physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model with malaria-specific scalars obtained in mice. RESULTS: The infection led to a higher blood-to-plasma partitioning (Rbp) for PQ, which was concentration-dependent and correlated to parasitemia. No significant change in plasma protein binding was found for PQ. Drug metabolism-related genes (CYPs/UDP-glucuronosyltransferase/nuclear receptor, except for CYP2a5) were downregulated in infected mice, especially at the acute phase. The plasma oral clearances (CL/F) of three probe substrates for CYP enzymes were significantly decreased (by ≥35.9%) in mice even with moderate infection. The validated physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model indicated that the hepatic clearance (CLH) of PQ was the determinant of its simulated CL/F, which was predicted to slightly decrease (by ≤23.6%) in severely infected mice but not in malaria patients. The result fitted well with the plasma pharmacokinetics of PQ in infected mice and literature data on malaria patients. The blood clearance of PQ was much lower than its plasma clearance due to its high Rbp. CONCLUSIONS: The malaria-induced alteration of drug metabolism was substrate-dependent, and its impact on the disposition of PQ and maybe other long-acting aminoquinoline antimalarials was not expected to be clinically relevant.

Optimizing the extraction of active components from Salvia miltiorrhiza by combination of machine learning models and intelligent optimization algorithms and its correlation analysis of antioxidant activity.

We extracted Sal B and TIIA from Salvia miltiorrhiza using enzymatic-assisted ethanol extraction. ACONN predicted optimal process conditions. Enzymolysis and alcohol extraction were used, optimizing conditions and evaluating antioxidant activity. ACONN analyzed data and ACO optimized conditions. Lab verification comprehensively evaluated the conditions. The correlation between Sal B, TIIA, and their antioxidant activities was examined. Weights of 0.5739 and 0.4260 evaluated Sal B and TIIA. ACONN had a 97.46% fitting degree. Optimized extraction conditions improved yield and quality, yielding a comprehensive evaluation value of 27.69 with 4.46% average errors. This approach enhances extraction and compound quality. Antioxidant activity strongly correlated with component yield, influenced by extraction conditions. ACONN-optimized extraction improved Sal B and TIIA yield and quality, with potential as natural antioxidants. Integrating machine learning and optimization algorithms in industrial extraction enhances efficiency and environmental preservation.

Effect of vitrification on protein O-GlcNAcylation in mouse metaphase II oocytes.

In brief: Oocyte vitrification leads to DNA hypomethylation, which results in defect in early embryo development. This study reveals that oocyte vitrification impairs the DNA methylation pattern by influencing protein O-GlcNAcylation. Abstract: Oocyte vitrification leads to decreased DNA methylation levels, which impairs the quality and the developmental potential of oocytes. However, the underlying molecular mechanism still need to be further revealed. In this study, mouse metaphase II (M II) oocytes were frozen by vitrification technology, while fresh oocytes were used as the control group. The effect of oocyte vitrification on protein O-GlcNAcylation and its impact on the developmental potential of oocytes were elucidated. We found that the protein O-GlcNAcylation levels were significantly increased in vitrified oocytes. Increase of protein O-GlcNAcylation levels in control oocytes by PUGNAc (an O-GlcNAcase inhibitor) decreases blastocyst rate after parthenogenetic activation (20.82% in PUGNAc-treated group; 53.82% in control group, P < 0.05). We also discovered that DNA methylation was disrupted in two-cell embryos derived from vitrified oocytes, resulting in decreased 5mC and increased 5hmC, showing similar phenotypes to that derived from PUGNAc-treated oocytes. In vitrified and PUGNAc-treated oocytes, O-GlcNAcylated TET3 was significantly increased. Notably, by inhibiting protein O-GlcNAcylation in vitrified oocytes using OSMI1 (an O-GlcNAc transferase inhibitor) we restored the DNA methylation in two-cell embryos and ameliorated the developmental defects in early embryo. Thus, elevated protein O-GlcNAcylation in vitrified oocytes is an essential contributor to their declining embryonic developmental potential. Modulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation improves the developmental potential of vitrified oocytes.

Distribution of regional lymph lode metastasis in unilateral nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the suggestions for selective prophylactic irradiation with intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

PURPOSE: To address the regional lymph node (RLN) distribution and the long-term efficacy in unilateral nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), providing elective irradiation for RLN with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). METHODS: The involvement of clinical data of 136 patients with unilateral NPC, who underwent IMRT from November 2003 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The therapeutic effect and failure pattern of RLN metastasis were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 57.1% patients have bilateral RLN metastasis. The rate of contralateral RLNs metastasis is lower than that of ipsilateral RLNs. Contralateral RLN metastasis mainly occurs in level VIIa (39.0%) and II (38.2%). While level IVa is only 0.7%, and none of RLN metastasis was found in level IVb and Va. The median follow-up was 70 months, and the 3-, 5-and 10-year regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS) were 94.1%, 93.1%, and 93.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Routine prophylactic irradiation may not include contralateral lower neck LN and level Va for N0-1 unilateral NPC.

Optimization of tetrastigma hemsleyanum extraction process based on GA-BPNN model and analysis of its antioxidant effect.

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg) is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine with various applications. In this study, we aimed to optimize the extraction process for the total extraction yield of five flavonoid components, namely kaempferol, quercetin, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and astragalin from the Tetrastigma hemsleyanum root (THR), and explore its potential molecular mechanisms in treating oxidative diseases as well as antioxidant activity. To achieve these objectives, we employed the genetic algorithm-back propagation neural network (GA-BPNN), the Box-Behnken design (BBD) with 4-factors and 3-levels to establish the optimal ethanol extraction process for the total extraction yield of the 5 components. Using public databases, the "component core targets-disease core target genes" networks were built, as well as molecular docking. Furthermore, DPPH was used to examine the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained from THR under the optimal extraction process. The experimental value of the total extraction yield of the 5 components achieved a maximum of 788.12 mg/kg when the ethanol concentration was 73%, the solid-liquid ratio was 26 g/mL, and the ultrasonic duration was 30 min, and the ultrasonic temperature was 76 °C. When docked with protein molecules such as 6Y8I, quercetin, and other components received moderate to high scores. When the total concentration of the 5 components was 3.033 µg/mL, the DPPH radical scavenging rate was 89.81%. Compared with the BBD method, the GA-BPNN method is more efficient and reliable for optimizing the extraction process of active ingredients in THR because of its good data-fitting ability.

Could definitive radiotherapy be a treatment option for lymphoepithelial carcinoma of major salivary gland: Comparison of clinical outcomes of upfront surgery and upfront chemoradiotherapy.

OBJECTIVES: The optimal treatment and associated clinical outcomes for lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the major salivary gland (LECSG) are currently unclear. As such, the purpose of this study was to assess the survival rates of LECSG patients who received either upfront surgery or upfront chemoradiotherapy (CRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we analyzed cases of LECSG patients treated at our center from January 2010 to April 2021. The cumulative incidences of overall survival rate (OS) and locoregional failure-free survival rate (LRFFS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. In order to balance potential risk factors between the treatment groups, we conducted propensity score matching (PSM) at a 1:1 ratio. RESULTS: The study enrolled a total of 107 patients, among whom 24 received surgery alone, 56 underwent surgery combined with postoperative radiotherapy, and 27 underwent definitive radiotherapy. The 5-year LRFFS rate and 5-year OS rate for the entire cohort were 86.6% and 84.4%, respectively. Following PSM, the 5-year LRFFS and OS rates for the upfront CRT cases were comparable to those of upfront surgery, both before and after matching. However, the upfront surgery group showed a tendency toward more de novo facial nerve injury and post-treatment facial nerve injury. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that upfront CRT is as effective as upfront surgery in terms of locoregional control and overall survival for LECSG patients. Therefore, upfront CRT could be considered a viable treatment option, potentially avoiding the risks associated with surgical intervention.

Why subclinical involvement is prescribed the same high dose as gross tumor volume: A study on high-dose clinical target volume in intensity-modulated radiotherapy plan of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Most nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) protocols define primary gross tumor volume (GTVnx) plus a range from 2 to 5 mm as the high-dose clinical target volume (hd-CTV). However, in China, hd-CTV is defined as GTVnx plus 0 mm. METHODS: A total of 40 patients with newly diagnosed nonmetastatic NPC (T1-T4 ten cases each) treated with IMRT were consecutively enrolled. Real and virtual treatment plans were designed according to the definitions of hd-CTV recommended by China and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), respectively. RESULTS: The hd-CTV in China was significantly smaller than that of RTOG. Exposure doses to 5 mm subclinical involvement and OARs as well as NTCP in the China treatment plan were significantly lower than those of RTOG. CONCLUSION: It could be recommended to divide the hd-CTV into GTV and subclinical target volume and to prescribe different doses for the GTV and subclinical involvement in the IMRT plan of NPC.

Characteristics of local extension based on tumor distribution in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and proposed clinical target volume delineation.

OBJECTIVES: To summarize the characteristics of local extension of eccentric and central nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to improve clinical target volume (CTV) delineation. METHODS: MRI of 870 newly diagnosed NPC patients were reviewed. According to tumor distribution features, the NPCs were divided into eccentric and central lesions. RESULTS: All local invasions presented as continuous invasion from gross lesions and structures adjacent to the nasopharynx were more likely to be invaded. There were 240 (27.6%) and 630 (72.4%) cases with central and eccentric lesions, respectively. The spread of eccentric lesions was centered on the ipsilateral Rosenmüller's fossa; and most anatomic sites had significantly higher invasion rates in the ipsilateral side than the contralateral side (P < 0.05). However, they were at low risk of concurrent bilateral tumor invasion (<10%), except the prevertebral muscle (15.4%) and nasal cavity (13.8%). The extension of central NPCs was centered on the nasopharyngeal superior-posterior wall and was more common in the superior-posterior direction. Furthermore, bilateral tumor invasion into the anatomical sites was common. CONCLUSION: Local invasion of NPC was characterized by continuous invasion from proximal to distal sites. The eccentric and central lesions showed different invasion features. Individual CTV delineation should be based on the distribution characteristics of tumors. The eccentric lesions had a very low probability of invasion into the contralateral tissue; thus routine prophylactic radiation of contralateral parapharyngeal space and skull base foramina may not be necessary.

2D Titanium carbide printed flexible ultrawideband monopole antenna for wireless communications.

Flexible titanium carbide (Ti3C2) antenna offers a breakthrough in the penetration of information communications for the spread of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Current configurations are constrained to multi-layer complicated designs due to the limited conformal integration of the dielectric substrate and additive-free Ti3C2 inks. Here, we report the flexible ultrawideband Ti3C2 monopole antenna by combining strategies of interfacial modification and advanced extrusion printing technology. The polydopamine, as molecular glue nano-binder, contributes the tight adhesion interactions between Ti3C2 film and commercial circuit boards for high spatial uniformity and mechanical flexibility. The bandwidth and center frequency of Ti3C2 antenna can be well maintained and the gain differences fluctuate within ±0.2 dBi at the low frequency range after the bent antenna returns to the flat state, which conquers the traditional inelastic Cu antenna. It also achieves the demo instance for the fluent and stable real-time wireless transmission in bending states.

Clinical outcomes of non-nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelial carcinoma treated with a combined modality approach: A single-institution study.

BACKGROUND: This study presents a summary of the clinical characteristics of non-nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelial carcinoma (NNPLEC), effects of combined modality treatment and prognostic value of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) load, with the aim of providing a reference framework for optimizing treatment practices and outcomes. METHODS: Patients with NNPLEC treated by our center between January 2000 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: In total, 728 patients were included. The lung was identified as the most common primary tumor site (64.0%), followed by the salivary gland (19.2%). A total of 539 (74.0%) patients underwent surgery, 459 (63.0%) received chemotherapy, and 361 (49.6%) were subjected to radiotherapy. The median follow-up time was 45 months (range, 6-212 months) and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 79.1%. Increased plasma EBV-DNA load of >513.5 copies/mL was predictive of disease progression, with a specificity of 98.1% and a sensitivity of 98.9%. In multivariate Cox analysis, N stage, surgery, and radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for both OS and PFS. Radiotherapy significantly improves OS in comparison with no radiotherapy group for salivary LEC, while surgery significantly improves OS for pulmonary LEC. CONCLUSION: Based on our analysis, surgery and radiotherapy are associated with better OS and PFS for NNPLEC. Radiotherapy could be recommended for salivary LEC, while surgery remains the primary treatment strategy for pulmonary LEC patients. An increased plasma EBV-DNA load of >513.5 copies/mL is strongly predictive of disease progression, supporting the importance of regular evaluation of plasma EBV-DNA as part of the diagnostic routine.

Defect-rich MoS2/NiS2 nanosheets loaded on SiNWs for efficient and stable photoelectrochemical hydrogen production.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) reaction with efficient, stable, and cost-effective photocathodes using non-precious metals will be one of the most environmentally friendly technologies for hydrogen (H2) generation under the worldwide pressure for carbon neutrality. Herein, a new 3-dimentional (3D) SiNWs@MoS2/NiS2 photocathode was designed and synthesized. Defect-rich MoS2/NiS2 nanosheets on silicon nanowires (SiNWs) provide more active sites to promote charge transfer and photo-generated electron-hole separation. Meanwhile, the 3D structure of the photocathode provides an effective charge transfer mode and an open channel for rapid H2 release. The SiNWs@MoS2/NiS2 photocathode exhibits the maximum photocurrent density (21.4 mA·cm-2 at 0.9 V vs. RHE), highest H2 production rate (183 µmol·h-1), smallest diffusion resistance (34.7 Ω), and excellent catalytic stability for more than 10 h at pH = 7. Based on density function theory calculation, the MoS2/NiS2 nanosheets are conducive to chemical adsorption of H2 intermediates, which are crucial for the maintenance of the composite photocathode in PEC H2 production.

Bibliometrics of the nexus between food security and carbon emissions: hotspots and trends.

With the growth of global food demand, agricultural carbon emissions caused by agricultural production have become a major challenge in controlling global warming. However, a systematic and visual literature review of food security and carbon emissions (FSCE) is still lacking, and there is a lack of exploration on the balanced path between ensuring food security and realizing carbon emission reduction. Based on 872 articles related to FSCE in the Web of Science (WOS) core database, this paper used CiteSpace and VOSviewer bibliometric software to analyze the relevant research focus and trends. This study found that developed countries dominated the research in this field, and the quantity, quality, and intensity of their authors, institutions, and cooperation among countries are higher than those of developing countries. Although the intensity of interdisciplinary cooperation has increased, it remains at a low level. Since 2007, the number of papers published in this field has increased significantly, and the research perspectives have diversified. Moreover, the research theme continues to expand with the core of "food security," involving the impact of climate change, crop production and food security, soil carbon sequestration, and farmers' livelihood sustainability. In addition, food production, food transportation, and food loss reduction are key paths that need to be balanced to ensure global food security and realize carbon emission reduction, and how to promote "economic growth" under the constraints of FSCE will be a future research hotspot.

Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Two Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Lasiocarpine and Heliotrine in Rats.

Lasiocarpine (LAS) and heliotrine (HEL) are two different ester types of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs): open-chain diester and monoester. However, the pharmacokinetics of these two types of PAs in rats have not been reported. In the present study, two LC-MS/MS methods for determining LAS and HEL were established and validated. The methods exhibited good linearity, accuracy, and precision and were then applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study. After intravenous administration to male rats at 1 mg/kg, the AUC0-t values of LAS and HEL were 336 ± 26 ng/mL × h and 170 ± 5 ng/mL × h. After oral administration at 10 mg/kg, the AUC0-t of LAS was much lower than that of HEL (18.2 ± 3.8 ng/mL × h vs. 396 ± 18 ng/mL × h), while the Cmax of LAS was lower than that of HEL (51.7 ± 22.5 ng/mL × h vs. 320 ± 26 ng/mL × h). The absolute oral bioavailability of LAS was 0.5%, which was significantly lower than that of HEL (23.3%). The results revealed that the pharmacokinetic behaviors of LAS differed from that of HEL.

CuCo and sulfur doped carbon nitride composite as an effective Fenton-like catalyst in a wide pH range.

The heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction, as an advanced oxidation process, is widely recognized attributed to its recyclability, wide pH response range, easy solid-liquid separation, and non-production of iron sludge. Recently, the bimetallic catalysts have attracted intense attention due to their high catalytic performance and excellent stability over a wide pH range. In this article, CuCo/SCN bimetallic catalyst was prepared by pyrolysis method with sulfur doped carbon nitride (SCN) as the carrier. Under the conditions of pH = 7, catalyst dosage of 0.8 g/L, and concentration of H2O2 of 15 mM, 20 mg/L of methyl orange (MO) can be completely removed within 1 h. With the synergistic action between bimetals and sulfur doped carbon nitride, the CuCO/SCN involved Fenton-like system exhibited excellent catalytic degradation efficiency and strong stability for MO in neutral and weak alkaline conditions. The EPR characterization proved that OH and O2 - were the main active components. Furthermore, CuCo/SCN involved Fenton-like system has good adaptability. Bimetallic CuCo/SCN catalyst has great application potential in the degradation of environmental pollutants.

Effects of MICU1-Mediated Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake on Energy Metabolism and Quality of Vitrified-Thawed Mouse Metaphase II Oocytes.

BACKGROUND: Oocyte vitrification has been widely used in the treatment of infertility and fertility preservation. However, vitrification-induced mitochondrial damage adversely affects oocyte development. Several studies have reported that mitochondrial calcium uptake protein 1 (MICU1) regulates the uptake of mitochondrial calcium by the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and subsequently controls aerobic metabolism and oxidative stress in mitochondria, but research considering oocytes remains unreported. We evaluated whether the addition of MICU1 modulators enhances mitochondrial activity, pyruvate metabolism, and developmental competence after warming of MII oocytes. METHODS: Retrieved MII oocytes of mice were classified as vitrified or control groups. After thawing, oocytes of vitrified group were cultured with or without DS16570511 (MICU1 inhibitor) and MCU-i4 (MICU1 activator) for 2 h. RESULTS: Mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration, pyruvate dephosphorylation level, and MICU1 expression of MII oocytes were significantly increased after vitrification. These phenomena were further exacerbated by the addition of MCU-i4 and reversed by the addition of DS16570511 after warming. However, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in vitrified-warmed MII oocytes drop significantly after vitrification, which was improved after MCU-i4 treatment and decreased significantly after DS16570511 treatment. The vitrification process was able to elicit a development competence reduction. After parthenogenetic activation, incubation of the thawed oocytes with MCU-i4 did not alter the cleavage and blastocyst rates. Moreover, incubation of the thawed oocytes with DS16570511 reduced the cleavage and blastocyst rates. CONCLUSIONS: MICU1-mediated increasing mitochondrial calcium uptake after vitrification of the MII oocytes promoted the pyruvate oxidation, and this process may maintain oocyte development competence by compensating for the consumption of ATP under stress state.

Individualized clinical target volume delineation and efficacy analysis in unilateral nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT): 10-year summary.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term local control, failure patterns, and toxicities after individualized clinical target volume (CTV) delineation in unilateral nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). METHODS: Unilateral NPC was defined as a nasopharyngeal mass confined to one side of the nasopharynx and did not exceed the midline. From November 2003 to December 2017, 95 patients were retrospectively included. All patients received IMRT. The CTVs were determined based on the distance from the gross tumor. The contralateral para-pharyngeal space and skull base orifices were spared from irradiation. RESULTS: There were three local recurrences and eight regional recurrences in 10 patients during an 84-month follow-up. All local recurrences were within PGTVnx, and all in-field recurrences. No recurrences were found in traditional high-risk areas including contralateral the para-pharyngeal space and skull base orifices. The 10-year local-recurrence-free survival, regional-recurrence-free survival and overall survival were 96.2%, 90.5% and 84.7%, respectively. The dosimetry parameters of the tumor-contralateral organs were all lower than the values of the tumor-ipsilateral side (P < 0.05). The late toxicities occurred mainly in the tumor-ipsilateral organs, including radiation-induced temporal lobe injury, impaired visuality, hearing loss and subcutaneous fibrosis. CONCLUSION: Individualized CTV delineation in unilateral NPC could yield excellent long-term local control with limited out-of-field recurrences, reduced dose to tumor- contralateral organs and mild late toxicities, which is worthy of further exploration.

Circ_0001174 facilitates osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting the miR-186-5p/MACC1 axis.

BACKGROUND: Studies of aberrantly expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of osteosarcoma (OS). However, the role of circ_0001174 in OS progression remains unknown. This study is aimed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in patients with OS and to investigate potential regulatory ways of circ_0001174. METHODS: High-throughput sequencing was performed to screen aberrantly expressed circRNAs and mRNAs between tumor and paracancerous tissues from patients with OS. Several bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the functions and pathways of the differentially expressed genes between the tissues. Cell counting kit-8, cell migration and invasion assays were performed to evaluate the functions of the critical circRNAs. RNA interference experiments, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to explore the relationship between miR-186-5p and circ_0001174 or metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1). RESULTS: Compared with the paracancerous tissues, 109 circRNAs and 1264 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the OS tissues, including 88 circRNAs and 707 mRNAs that were upregulated and 21 circRNAs and 557 mRNAs that were downregulated. The expression of four upregulated and four downregulated circRNAs was validated using RT-qPCR; the results were consistent with the sequencing data, and circ_0001174 was found to be significantly upregulated in 16 pairs of OS tissues and OS cell lines (fold change > 2.0, P value < 0.05). Knockdown of circ_0001174 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells. Additionally, circ_0001174 directly and negatively modulated the expression of miR-186-5p and positively regulated the expression of MACC1. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormally high expression of circ_0001174 may promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells through up-regulating MACC1 by sponging miR-186-5p. These results provide insight into therapeutic targets for preventing and treating OS.

Long non-coding RNA LINC00665 promotes melanoma cell growth and migration via regulating the miR-224-5p/VMA21 axis.

Melanoma is an aggressive malignant skin tumor endangering the health of patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been increasingly reported to be implicated in the carcinogenesis of melanoma. Long intergenic non-coding RNA 00665 (LINC00665) has been found to exert important regulatory roles in some cancers, yet its function in melanoma remains to be investigated. QRT-PCR analysis was conducted to evaluate the relative expression of RNAs. Functional experiments in vitro including colony formation, EdU, wound-healing and transwell assays, as well as in vivo xenograft assays, were utilized to study the role of LINC00665 in melanoma. Mechanical experiments were implemented to probe into the molecular linkage of LINC00665, miR-224-5p and VMA21. LINC00665 was abnormally highly expressed in melanoma cells. Silencing LINC00665 could inhibit the proliferation and migration of melanoma cells. LINC00665 sponged miR-224-5p to upregulate VMA21. VMA21 knockdown exerted similarly interfering effects on above biological processes in melanoma cells. However, VMA21 overexpression abolished the in vitro and in vivo outcomes of LINC00665 silencing. LINC00665 promotes proliferative and migrating abilities of melanoma cells via targeting miR-224-5p/VMA21 axis.

Efficient electro-Fenton catalysis by self-supported CFP@CoFe2O4 electrode.

In this work, the bimetallic iron oxide self-supported electrode was prepared by a simple solvothermal as well as thermal method. CoFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles were grown in situ on the CFP surface and characterized to reveal the morphology, composition, and electrochemical properties of the electrode. Compared to CFP and CFP@Co-Fe, CFP@CoFe2O4 equipped more efficient mineralization current efficiency and lower energy consumption due to the improved electrocatalytic capacity of CoFe2O4 properly grown on the conductive substrate surface. Further studies showed that the manufactured electrode maintained a high level of stability after continuous operation. According to the free radical trapping experiment, EPR, and liquid mass spectrometry analysis, the rational reaction mechanism of p-nitrophenol was finally proposed, in which ·OH and SO4·- were considered as the main active oxidants. This work demonstrated the great potential of establishing an electro-Fenton system based on CoFe2O4 immobilized self-supporting cathode for environmental remediation.