OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) to synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) in preterm infants requiring mechanical ventilation after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on intubated preterm infants who underwent PDA ligation at our hospital from July 2021 to January 2023. Infants were divided into NAVA or SIMV groups based on the ventilation mode after surgery. RESULTS: Fifty preterm infants were included. During treatment, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and mean airway pressure (MAP) were lower with NAVA compared to SIMV (PIP: 19.1 ± 2.9 vs. 22.4 ± 3.6 cmH2O, P < 0.001; MAP: 9.1 ± 1.8 vs. 10.9 ± 2.7 cmH2O, P = 0.002). PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 were higher with NAVA (PaO2: 94.0 ± 11.7 vs. 84.8 ± 15.8 mmHg, P = 0.031; PaO2/FiO2: 267 [220-322] vs. 232 [186-290] mmHg, P = 0.025). Less sedation was required with NAVA (midazolam: 1.5 ± 0.5 vs. 1.1 ± 0.3 µg/kg/min, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Compared to SIMV, early use of NAVA post PDA ligation in preterm infants was associated with decreased PIP and MAP. Early NAVA was also associated with reduced sedation needs and improved oxygenation. However, further studies are warranted to quantify the benefits of NAVA ventilation.
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent , Infant, Premature , Interactive Ventilatory Support , Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation , Humans , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/surgery , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Infant, Newborn , Male , Female , Ligation/methods , Interactive Ventilatory Support/methods , Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation/methods , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/therapy
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-frequency oscillation ventilation combined with volume guarantee (HFOV-VG) in preterm infants with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) after patent ductus arteriosus ligation. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 41 preterm infants, who were ventilated for AHRF after patent ductus arteriosus ligation between January 2020 and January 2022. HFOV alone was used in 20 of the 41 infants, whereas HFOV-VG was used in the other 21 infants. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the demographic information and baseline characteristics of preterm infants included in the study. The average frequency tidal volume (VThf) of the HFOV-VG group was lower than that of the HFOV group (2.6 ± 0.6 mL versus 1.9 ± 0.3 mL, P < .001). In addition, the incidence of hypocapnia and hypercapnia in infants supported with HFOV-VG was significantly lower (15 versus 8, P < .001; 12 versus 5, P < .001). Furthermore, the duration of invasive ventilation in the HFOV-VG group also was lower than in the HFOV group (3.7 ± 1.2 days versus 2.1 ± 1.0 days, P < .01). CONCLUSION: Compared with HFOV alone, HFOV-VG decreases VThf levels and reduces the incidence of hypercapnia and hypocapnia in preterm infants with acute hypoxic respiratory failure after patent ductus arteriosus ligation.
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent , High-Frequency Ventilation , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn , Respiratory Distress Syndrome , Respiratory Insufficiency , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Infant, Premature , Hypocapnia , Retrospective Studies , Hypercapnia
