Efficacy and mechanism of action of ginsenoside Rg3 on radiation proctitis in rats.

OBJECTIVE: Radiation proctitis (RP) refers to rectal injury caused by radiation treatment of pelvic and retroperitoneal malignancies, which has a major impact on the treatment prognosis and quality of life of patients with cancer. The tetracyclic triterpene saponin monomer ginsenoside Rg3 (GRg3), the primary bioactive ingredient in ginseng extracts, has therapeutic effects against RP in rats. Here, we validated its efficacy and elucidated its mechanism of action. METHODS: A rat RP model was established in 48 Wistar rats. Rats were randomly divided into control (untreated), irradiation, irradiation + dexamethasone, and irradiation + GRg3 (low-, medium-, and high-dose) groups. After 2 weeks' treatment, serum IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-α levels were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In rectal tissue, Ikbkb, Ikka, and Casp8 mRNA expression was detected by a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. IKK-ß, IκB-α, p-IκB-α, p50, and caspase-8 protein levels were determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS: GRg3 significantly improved the general condition and histopathological damage in rats with RP. Moreover, GRg3 decreased the levels of factors that promote inflammation (TNF-α) and increased the levels of factors that reduce inflammation (IL-4 and IL-10). GRg3 markedly reduced the activation of NF-κB and caspase-8 signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, GRg3 may reduce the inflammatory response by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway and improving the balance of inflammation-related factors. GRg3 may also inhibit intestinal cell apoptosis by suppressing the TNF-α/caspase-8 signaling cascade, thereby reducing radiological rectal injury. Our results verify that GRg3 is a promising therapeutic agent for RP treatment and shed light on its mechanism.

Natural Binary Herbal Small Molecules Self-Assembled Nanogel for Synergistic Inhibition of Respiratory Syncytial Virus.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most significant pathogenic infections in childhood, associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, there is no effective and safe drug or vaccine available for RSV. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), an active compound derived from the natural herb licorice, has been reported to provide protection against influenza and coronaviruses, exhibiting notable antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Ephedrine (EPH) is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of cough and asthma, and it also demonstrates certain antiviral effects. In this study, EPH and GA were combined to form an efficient nanomaterial (EPH-GA nanogel). The self-assembly of this nanogel is driven by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, allowing it to serve as an antiviral nanomedicine without the need for a dual-component carrier, achieving a 100% drug loading efficiency. Oral administration of the EPH-GA nanogel significantly reduced viral load in the lungs of mice and improved lung lesions and tissue infiltration caused by RSV. Notably, we discovered that the assembled drug may create a "physical barrier" that prevents RSV from adsorbing to host cells, while free GA and EPH may compete with RSV for protein binding sites, thereby enhancing cellular uptake of EPH. Consequently, this prevents RSV infection and proliferation within host cells. Furthermore, the EC50 values changed from 310.83 µM for EPH and 262.88 µM for GA to 68.25 µM for the EPH-GA combination, with a combination index of 0.458. In addition, the in vivo biopharmaceutic process of GA and EPH was investigated, revealing that the oral administration of EPH-GA significantly increased the bioavailability of EPH while maintaining its plasma concentration at a relatively stable level. This enhancement may contribute to a synergistic antiviral effect when combined with GA. Furthermore, the in vivo process of EPH-GA demonstrates the advantage of delivering the drug to the lesion at elevated levels, thereby facilitating its antiviral mechanism at the cellular level. In this study, we identified an effective nanomedicine, EPH-GA nanogel, which can inhibit the proliferation of RSV and mitigate lung lesions resulting from viral infection by influencing the biopharmaceutical process in vivo. This research not only offers a novel strategy for the nanomedicine treatment of RSV but also elucidates, to some extent, the compatibility mechanisms of the multicomponents of traditional Chinese medicine.

Development and validation of a novel immune‒metabolic-Based classifier for hepatocellular carcinoma.

The heterogeneity of immune cells and metabolic pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients has not been fully elucidated, leading to diverse clinical outcomes. Accurately distinguishing different HCC subtypes and recommending appropriate treatments is are highly important. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 28 immune cells and 85 metabolic pathways in the TCGA-LIHC and GSE14520 datasets. Metabolism-related first principal component (MRPC1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration were used to assess the metabolic and immune infiltration levels of HCC patients, respectively. These two quantifiable indicators were then used to construct an immune‒metabolic classifier, which categorized HCC patients into three distinct groups. The potential biological mechanisms were explored through multiomics analysis, revealing that group S1 exhibited high metabolic activity and a high level of immune infiltration, that group S2 presented a low level of immune infiltration, and that group S3 presented low metabolic activity. This new immune‒metabolic classifier was well validated in a pancancer cohort of 9296 patients. The efficacy of multiple treatment approaches was assessed in relation to different immune‒metabolic groups, indicating that group S1 patients may benefit from immunotherapy, that group S2 patients are suitable for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and that group S3 patients are appropriate candidates for tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In conclusion, this immune‒metabolic classifier is anticipated to address the differences in treatment efficacy among HCC patients due to the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment, and to help refine the individualized treatment choices for clinical patients.

Translocon Subunits of the COP9 Signalosome Complex Are a Central Hub for Regulating Multiple Photoresponsive Processes and Autophagic Flux in Magnaporthe oryzae.

Photodependent processes, including circadian rhythm, autophagy, ubiquitination, neddylation/deneddylation, and metabolite biosynthesis, profoundly influence microbial pathogenesis. Although a photomorphogenesis signalosome (COP9/CSN) has been identified, the mechanism by which this large complex contributes to the pathophysiological processes in filamentous fungi remains unclear. Here, we identified eight CSN complex subunits in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and functionally characterized the translocon subunits containing a nuclear export or localization signal (NES/NLS). Targeted gene replacement of these CSN subunits, including MoCSN3, MoCSN5, MoCSN6, MoCSN7, and MoCSN12, attenuated vegetative growth and conidiation and rendered the deletion strains nonpathogenic. MoCSN7 deletion significantly suppressed arachidonic acid catabolism, and compromised cell wall integrity in M. oryzae. Surprisingly, we also discovered that MoCSN subunits, particularly MoCsn7, are required for the cAMP-dependent regulation of autophagic flux. Therefore, MoCSN significantly contributes to morphological, physiological, and pathogenic differentiation in M. oryzae by fostering cross-talk between multiple pathways.

Lipidomic profiling of amniotic fluid reveals aberrant fetal lung development and fetal growth disrupted by lipid disorders during gestational asthma.

This study aimed to investigate how maternal asthma during pregnancy disrupts fetal lung development by altering lipid metabolism in the amniotic fluid, which is crucial for fetal development. A pregnancy-induced asthma model was established in female rats using house dust mite (HDM) as a common allergen. The fetuses were divided into four groups based on whether the mother and fetus were exposed to the allergen: PBS+PBS, PBS+HDM, HDM+PBS, and HDM+HDM. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was employed to analyze changes in the lipid profile of the amniotic fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Principal component analysis (PCA) and ChemRICH methods were used to explore the potential relationship between lipid metabolism abnormalities and impaired fetal lung development. The results indicate that maternal asthma exacerbates asthma-related inflammatory markers in fetuses, leading to pathological changes in the lungs and elevated levels of cytokines IL-5, IL-13, and IgE. Additionally, 18 differential lipids, primarily oxygenated lipids, were identified in the amniotic fluid after modeling, suggesting an enhanced oxidative stress environment for the fetus. This environment causes metabolic disturbances in various lipid groups in fetal lungs, with the HDM+HDM group showing significant abnormalities in lipids critical for lung development, including phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and fatty acids (FA). In conclusion, gestational asthma can reshape the lipid profile in the amniotic fluid and BALF, significantly disrupting fetal growth and lung development. Restoring normal lipid metabolism in the amniotic fluid and fetal lungs may offer a potential therapeutic approach to managing aberrant fetal lung development in asthmatic mothers.

Sonication-Assisted Self-Assembled Resveratrol Nanoparticles with Enhanced Antiviral and Anti-inflammatory Activity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Induced Pneumonia.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced viral pneumonia in children is common worldwide. Its high occurrence and lack of an effective vaccine make it a leading cause of death in children. Severe RSV infection can trigger uncontrolled inflammatory responses in patients, so the development of small molecule drugs with the dual function of "direct antivirus" and "inflammatory response regulation" is welcome. Resveratrol (Res) has been reported to have antiviral and anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects, but its application is limited because of its poor water solubility and oral bioavailability. Based on small-molecule nanotechnology, we developed a sonication-assisted self-assembly method for preparing insoluble Res into highly soluble resveratrol nanoparticles (Res NPs). The obtained Res NPs exhibited a higher water solubility and a faster dissolution rate, which was more conducive to the effectiveness of Res in addressing RSV-induced viral pneumonia. In vitro studies had shown that Res NPs played an antiviral role by inhibiting RSV replication and reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Nebulized inhalation administration of Res NPs prolonged the drug's residence time in the lungs, which appears to increase the accumulation and effectiveness of Res NPs. Additionally, in vivo studies had demonstrated significant benefits of Res NPs in inhibiting RSV viral load and improving the pulmonary microenvironment in RSV-infected mice. Both antiviral and anti-inflammatory experiments had confirmed that the pharmacological activity of Res NPs is superior to that of Res. This suggested that nanosizing Res was an effective way to enhance the original pharmacological activity of Res and also offered a new formulation strategy for treating viral pneumonia.

This is the first in-human trial and prospective case series of a novel single-port robotic system for gynaecological surgery: An IDEAL stage 2a study.

BACKGROUND: The Shurui® system (SR-ENS-600) is a novel fully integrated single-port robotic system with bioinspired serpentine surgical manipulators and a camera. METHODS: This was a single-centre prospective case-series study according to the IDEAL stage 2a guidelines to evaluate the feasibility, safety and potential efficacy of the Shurui® system for gynaecological surgeries and to improve the operating process. RESULTS: Ten patients with a gradient of surgical difficulty who had indications for laparoscopic surgery and who volunteered to participate in a clinical trial were enrolled in the study. All 10 subjects successfully completed the procedure without converting to other procedures. No serious complications were reported at the 3-month follow-up. Subjects recover faster after surgery and are highly satisfied with the incision. CONCLUSIONS: Gynaecological single-site laparoscopic surgery with the Shurui® system was technically feasible for well-selected patients with minimal alterations in technique. Further prospective multicenter large-sample studies are necessary. REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2300075431. URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=189995.

Exploration of red and deep red Thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules constructed via intramolecular locking strategy.

Red and deep red (DR) organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have garnered increasing attention due to their widespread applications in display technology and lighting devices. However, most red OLEDs exhibit low luminescence efficiency, severely limiting their practical applications. To address this challenge, we theoretically design four novel TADF molecules with red and DR luminescence using intramolecular locking strategies building upon the experimental findings of DCN-DLB and DCN-DSP, and their crystal structures are predicted with the lower energy and higher packing density. The photophysical properties and luminescence mechanism of six molecules in toluene and crystal are clarified using the first principles calculation and thermal vibration correlation function (TVCF) method. The proposed design strategy is anticipated to offer several advantages: enhanced electron-donating capabilities, more rigid structures, longer emission wavelengths and higher luminescence efficiency. Specifically, we introduce oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms as intramolecular locks, and the newly developed DCN-DBF and DCN-PHC have redshifted emission, narrow singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST), fast reverse intersystem crossing rate and enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Notably, DCN-DBF achieves both long wavelength emission and high efficiency, with emission peaks at 598 nm and 587 nm corresponding to PLQY of 52.13 % and 43.42 % in toluene and crystal, respectively. Our work not only elucidates the relationship between molecular structures and photophysical properties, but also proposes feasible intramolecular locking design strategies and four promising red and DR TADF molecules, which could provide a valuable reference for the design of more efficient red and DR TADF emitters.

Yadanziolide A Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via JAK-STAT Pathway: A Preclinical Study.

Liver cancer is a significant global health concern, prompting the search for innovative therapeutic solutions. Yadanziolide A (Y-A), a natural derivative of Brucea javanica, has emerged as a promising candidate for cancer treatment; however, its efficacy and underlying mechanisms in liver cancer remain incompletely understood. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of Y-A's effects on liver cancer cells using a range of in vitro assays and an orthotopic liver cancer mouse model. Our findings reveal that Y-A exerts dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on liver cancer cells, significantly inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion at concentrations ≥ 0.1 µM. Furthermore, Y-A induces apoptosis, as evidenced by increased apoptotic cell populations and apoptosome formation. In vivo studies confirm that Y-A inhibits tumor growth and reduces liver damage in mouse models. Mechanistically, Y-A targets the TNF-α/STAT3 pathway, inhibiting STAT3 and JAK2 phosphorylation, thereby activating apoptotic pathways and suppressing tumor cell growth. These results suggest that Y-A has promising anticancer activity and potential utility in liver cancer therapy.

Asymmetric dearomatization of benzyl 1-naphthyl ethers via [1,3] O-to-C rearrangement.

A catalytic asymmetric dearomatization reaction of benzyl 1-naphthyl ethers accelerated by a chiral N,N'-dioxide/Co(II) complex is disclosed. The reaction proceeds via an enantioselective [1,3] O-to-C rearrangement through a tight ion-pair pathway, providing a wide array of α-naphthalenone derivatives bearing an all-carbon quaternary center in high yields with excellent ee values.

Sludge reduction and hydrogen production in a microbial photoelectrochemical cell with a g-C3N4/CQDs/BiOBr composite photocathode.

Hydrogen (H2) remains a pivotal clean energy source, and the emergence of Solar-powered Microbial Photoelectrochemical Cells (MPECs) presents promising avenues for H2 production while concurrently aiding organic matter degradation. This study introduces an MPEC system employing a g-C3N4/CQDs/BiOBr photocathode and a bioanode, successfully achieving simultaneous H2 production and sludge reduction. The research highlights the effective formation of a Z-type heterojunction in the g-C3N4/CQDs/BiOBr photocathode, substantially enhancing the photocurrent response under light conditions. Operating at - 0.4 V versus RHE, it demonstrated a current density of - 3.25 mA·cm-2, surpassing that of g-C3N4/BiOBr (-2.25 mA·cm-2) by 1.4 times and g-C3N4 (-2.04 mA·cm-2) by 1.6 times. When subjected to visible light irradiation and a 0.8 V applied bias voltage, the MPEC system achieved a current density of 1.0 mA·cm-2. The cumulative H2 production of the MPEC system reached 8.9 mL, averaging a production rate of 0.13 mL·h-1. In the anode chamber, the degradation rates of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), proteins, polysaccharides, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the sludge were recorded at 57.18%, 82.64%, 64.98%, 86.39%, 42.81%, 67.34%, and 29.01%, respectively.

Lipidomics reveals the serum profiles of pediatric allergic rhinitis and its severity.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent upper airway chronic inflammatory disease in children worldwide. The role of bioactive lipids in the regulation of AR has been recognized, but the underlying serum lipidomic basis of its pathology remains unclear. We utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/mass spectrometry (MS) to investigate the serum lipidomic profiles of children with AR. The lipidomic analysis identified 42 lipids that were differentially expressed (p < 0.05, fold change > 2) between the AR (n = 75) and normal control groups (n = 44). Specifically, the serum levels of diacylglycerol (DG), triacylglycerol (TG), fatty acid (FA), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyl-ethanolamine, and cardiolipins were significantly higher in the AR group. The diagnostic potential of the identified lipids was further evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The analysis revealed that five lipids, including FA 30:7, LPC O-18:1, LPC 18:0, LPC 16:0, and DG 34:0, had area under the curve values greater than 0.9 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, serum levels of IgE and IL-33, markers of AR severity, were found to have a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05) with DGs, LPCs, TGs, and FAs in AR patients. This study revealed the lipid disorders associated with AR and its severity, providing new insights into the pathological process of AR.

Investigating the effects of dexamethasone on pulmonary surfactant lipids based on lipidomics studies.

Dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid commonly used in pediatric patients, has potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. However, it is associated with side effects such as reduced lung function and decreased immunity. Pulmonary surfactant lipids are closely linked to lung disease and play a role in reducing surface tension, immune response and antiviral activity. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is closely associated with lung disease. Hence, untargeted lipidomics may be instrumental in elucidating the effects of dexamethasone on pulmonary surfactant lipids. We obtained surfactant lipid samples from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of young mice injected subcutaneously with dexamethasone and conducted a comprehensive lipidomic analysis, comparing them with a control group. We observed a decrease in lipids, such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine, and an increase in ceramide, fatty acid, diacylglycerol and monoglyceride, which may impact lung health. This study revealed the influence of dexamethasone on pulmonary surfactant lipids, offering new insights into adverse reactions in clinical settings.

Unraveling Mechanism for Microstructure Engineering toward High-Capacity Nickel-Rich Cathode Materials.

Microstructural engineering on nickel-rich layered oxide (NRLO) cathode materials is considered a promising approach to increase both the capacity and lifespan of lithium-ion batteries by introducing high valence-state elements. However, rational regulation on NRLO microstructures based on a deep understanding of its capacity enhancement mechanism remains challenging. Herein for the first time, it is demonstrated that an increase of 14 mAh g-1 in reversible capacity at the first cycle can be achieved via tailoring the micro and nano structure of NRLO through introducing tungsten. Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) characterization reveals that the formation of a modified microstructure featured as coherent spinel twin boundaries. Theoretical modeling and electrochemical investigations further demonstrate that the capacity increase mechanism is related to such coherent spinel twin boundaries, which can lower the Li+ diffusion barrier and thus allow more Li+ to participate in deeper phase transitions. Meanwhile, the surface and grain boundaries of NRLOs are found to be modified by generating a dense and uniform LiWxOy phase, which further extends its cycle life by reducing side reactions with electrolytes. This work enables a comprehensive understanding of the capacity-increased mechanism and endows the remarkable potential of microstructural engineering for capacity- and lifespan-increased NRLOs.

Theoretical insights on highly efficient X-shaped near-infrared thermal activation delayed fluorescence emitter.

The near-infrared (NIR) thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules hold practical application value in various fields, including biological imaging, anti-counterfeiting, sensors, telemedicine, photomicrography, and night vision display. These molecules have emerged as a significant development direction in organic electroluminescent devices, offering exciting possibilities for future technological advancements. Despite the remarkable potential of NIR-TADF molecules in various applications, the development of molecules that exhibit both long-wavelength emission and high efficiency remains a significant challenge. Herein, based on T-type and Y-type TADF molecules BCN-TPA and ECN-TPA, a novel X-type TADF molecule X-ECN-TPA is theoretically designed through a molecular fusion strategy. Utilizing first-principles calculations and the thermal vibration correlation function (TVCF) method, the photophysical properties and luminescent mechanisms of these three molecules in both solvent and solid (doped films) are revealed. A comparison of the luminescent properties of isomeric BCN-TPA and ECN-TPA shows that the enhanced luminescence efficiency of BCN-TPA in the solid states is attributed to higher radiative rates and lower non-radiative rates. Furthermore, compared to BCN-TPA and ECN-TPA, X-ECN-TPA exhibits significant conjugation extension, resulting in a pronounced redshift, reaching 831 nm and 813 nm in solvent and solid states, respectively. Importantly, molecular fusion significantly increases the transition dipole moment density between the donor and acceptor, leading to a substantial increase in radiative transition rates. Additionally, molecular fusion effectively reduces the energy gap between the first singlet excited state (S1) and the first triplet excited state (T1), facilitating the improvement of the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process. In addition, the calculation of Marcus formula shows that the triplet energy transfer from CBP to BCN-TPA, ECN-TPA and X-ECN-TPA is very effective. This work not only designs a novel efficient NIR-TADF molecule but also proposes a strategy for designing efficient NIR-TADF molecules. This principle offers unique insights for optimizing traditional molecular frameworks, opening up new possibilities for future advancements.

Cucumber PGIP2 is involved in resistance to gray mold disease.

Polygalacturonase inhibitor protein (PGIP) restricts fungal growth and colonization and functions in plant immunity. Gray mold in cucumber is a common fungal disease caused by Botrytis cinerea, and is widespread and difficult to control in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production. In this study, Cucumis sativus polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein 2 (CsPGIP2) was found to be upregulated in response to gray mold in cucumber. CsPGIP2 was detected in the endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane, and cell wall after transient transformation of protoplasts and tobacco. A possible interaction between Botrytis cinerea polygalacturonase 3 (BcPG3) and CsPGIP2 was supported by protein interaction prediction and BiFC analysis. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing CsPGIP2 were constructed and exhibited smaller areas of gray mold infection compared to wild type (WT) plants after simultaneous inoculation. Evans blue dye (EBD) confirmed greater damage for WT plants, with more intense dyeing than for the transgenic Arabidopsis. Interestingly, compared to WT, transgenic Arabidopsis exhibited higher superoxide dismutase (AtSOD1) expression, antioxidant enzyme activities, lignin content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and photochemical activity. Our results suggest that CsPGIP2 stimulates a variety of plant defense mechanisms to enhance transgenic Arabidopsis resistance against gray mold disease.

Stable Axially Chiral Cyclohexylidenes from Catalytic Asymmetric Knoevenagel Condensation.

Axially chiral cycloalkylidenes are interesting but less developed axially chiral molecules. Here, a bispidine-based chiral amine catalytic system was developed to promote efficiently the asymmetric Knoevenagel condensation of N-protected oxindoles and benzofuranones with 4-substituted cyclohexanones. A variety of alkylidenecycloalkanes with stable axial chirality were obtained in good yields and fairly good er (enantiomeric ratio). Based on the absolute configuration determination of product and DFT calculations, a possible mechanism of stereoselective induction was proposed.

Factors affecting the oral health of patients on maintenance hemodialysis and recommendations for standardized nursing care: a multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the oral health status of patients on maintenance hemodialysis and to identify the factors influencing their oral health. METHOD AND MATERIALS: This observational study included 1,186 patients with chronic kidney disease who received maintenance hemodialysis across 33 hospitals in China. The patients were recruited for a questionnaire survey between April and August 2023 at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital using stratified sampling. Data collection tools included the General Information Questionnaire for Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients, the Oral Health Assessment Tool, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationships between the oral health of patients on maintenance hemodialysis and continuous variables such as sleep quality and emotional status. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to explore the relationship between oral health and various variables. RESULTS: The oral health scores of the patients ranged from 8 to 22, with a mean score of 12.54 ± 2.63. The final model of the multiple linear regression analysis indicated a goodness of fit of 22.19%. Independent factors affecting the oral health of patients included smoking, the proportion of medical expenses, water consumption, sleep quality, and anxiety scores (all P .05). High levels of smoking, substantial medical expenses, poor sleep quality, and elevated anxiety scores were risk factors for poor oral health (all P .05). Adequate daily water intake served as a protective factor for oral health (P .05). CONCLUSION: This study proposes targeted interventions to enhance the management and improvement of oral health in patients on hemodialysis, aiming to provide highly personalized and effective oral health care. These interventions are expected to improve oral health outcomes in future clinical practice.

Application of Online-Offline Teaching Combined with SimMan 3G Simulation Teaching Model in Critical Illness Teaching in a Department of Cardiology.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of online-offline teaching combined with SimMan 3G simulation teaching in improving theoretical knowledge and practical skills for critical illnesses in cardiology among undergraduate students. Methods: This randomized controlled trial compared traditional bedside teaching (control group, n=120) with an innovative approach combining online education and SimMan 3G simulation teaching (experimental group, n=120) among 240 undergraduate clinical medicine students. The control group received traditional bedside teaching, while the experimental Group received a combination of online teaching plus a SimMan 3G simulation teaching. Subsequently, the theoretical and clinical practice scores and the students' satisfaction scores about the teaching methods and teaching effects were collected and analyzed. Results: The experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in both theoretical (89.42±11.28 vs. 76.49±17.42) and clinical practice scores (18.04±4.32 vs. 15.33±3.94) compared to the control group, alongside a higher satisfaction score. Conclusions: The integration of online-offline teaching with SimMan 3G simulation teaching offers a promising model for enhancing cardiology education, suggesting a valuable direction for curriculum development in medical training programs.

Theoretical Insights into the Photophysical Properties of 4CzIPN Doped in Different Hosts: A Multiscale Study.

As a typical thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter with green emission, 4CzIPN has attracted much attention recently. Most studies indicated that 4CzIPN doped in different hosts presented different performances; thus, the hosts should have an obvious influence on its photophysical properties. Herein, the influence of four kinds of hosts, including m-CzPym, m-CzTrz, p-CzPym, and p-CzTrz, on the photophysical properties of 4CzIPN is investigated. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to simulate the host-guest conformations, and the photophysical properties were studied using the combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics method coupled with the thermal-vibration correlation function method. It is found that 4CzIPN in doped films has larger transition dipole moments and spin-orbital coupling constants compared to that in nondoped films. Faster radiative decay, intersystem crossing rates, and higher fluorescence efficiency could be obtained in doped films. Our work helps to better understand the photophysical properties of 4CzIPN in doped films and may favor the design of new hosts.