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Background: This scoping review aims to analyze the impact of rapid high-intensity light-curing on a new bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs) designed for this type of polymerization. Material and Methods: This scoping review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and Joanna Briggs Institute Manual of Evidence Synthesis. The methods were registered on the Open Science Framework (
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The objective was to compare the color match and color stability behavior of single- and multi-shade resin-based composites (RBCs) used for direct restorations. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Randomized clinical trials evaluating the shade performance of single-shade RBCs in direct restorations were included. A search of the scientific literature was performed in five databases (April 2024). The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4, calculating the risk difference (RD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the dichotomous outcome using a random effects model. Bias was assessed using the RoB 2.0 tool, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADEpro tool. Four studies were selected, with 263 restorations analyzed. The results showed comparable performance between single-shade RBCs and multi-shade RBCs in terms of color match and color stability over 12 months. Three studies had a low risk of bias with all expected results, and one study had some concerns. The certainty of evidence for color stability was considered low for all follow-up periods due to the small number of events and sample size. According to the United States Public Health Service Evaluation (USPHS) and the World Dental Federation (FDI), there is comparable clinical color performance between single-shade and multi-shade RBCs over 12 months.
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Graphene is a promising biomaterial. However, its dispersion in aqueous medium is challenging. This study aimed to modify graphene nanoparticles with L-dopa to improve the properties of experimental dental adhesives. Adhesives were formulated with 0% (control), 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% of graphene, modified or not. Particle modification and dispersion were microscopically assessed. Degree of conversion was tested by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity were evaluated by a 3-point flexural test. Bond strength was tested by shear. To test water sorption/solubility, samples were weighed during hydration and dehydration. Antibacterial activity was tested by Streptococcus mutans colony-forming units quantification. Cytotoxicity on fibroblasts was evaluated through a dentin barrier test. The modification of graphene improved the particle dispersion. Control presented the highest degree of conversion, flexural strength, and bond strength. In degree of conversion, 0.25% of groups were similar to control. In bond strength, groups of graphene modified by L-dopa were similar to Control. The modulus of elasticity was similar between groups. Cytotoxicity and water sorption/solubility decreased as particles increased. Compared to graphene, less graphene modified by L-dopa was needed to promote antibacterial activity. By modifying graphene with L-dopa, the properties of graphene and, therefore, the adhesives incorporated by it were enhanced.
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Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties of relined and non-relined fiberglass posts when cemented to root canal dentin using a conventional dual-cure resin cement or a self-adhesive resin cement. Materials and Methods: Two types of resin cements were utilized: conventional and self-adhesive. Additionally, 2 cementation protocols were employed, involving relined and non-relined fiberglass posts. In total, 72 bovine incisors were cemented and subjected to push-out bond strength testing (n = 10) followed by failure mode analysis. The cross-sectional microhardness (n = 5) was assessed along the root canal, and interface analyses (n = 3) were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data from the push-out bond strength and cross-sectional microhardness tests were analyzed via 3-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post-hoc test (α = 0.05). Results: For non-relined fiberglass posts, conventional resin cement exhibited higher push-out bond strength than self-adhesive cement. Relined fiberglass posts yielded comparable results between the resin cements. Type II failure was the most common failure mode for both resin cements, regardless of cementation protocol. The use of relined fiberglass posts improved the cross-sectional microhardness values for both cements. SEM images revealed voids and bubbles in the incisors with non-relined fiberglass posts. Conclusions: Mechanical properties were impacted by the cementation protocol. Relined fiberglass posts presented the highest push-out bond strength and cross-sectional microhardness values, regardless of the resin cement used (conventional dual-cure or self-adhesive). Conversely, for non-relined fiberglass posts, the conventional dual-cure resin cement yielded superior results to the self-adhesive resin cement.
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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the bond strength of a universal adhesive to dentin (µTBS) using different time periods of airborne particle abrasion (APA) and two types of acid etching. Methods: Seventy-two human third molars were divided into 9 groups (n=8) according to dentin pretreatment: APA duration (0, 5, or 10s) and acid etching (no acid - NA, 37% phosphoric acid - PhoA, or 1% phytic acid - PhyA). APA was performed at a 0.5 cm distance and air pressure of 60 psi using 50 µm aluminum oxide particles. Afterwards, two coats of Single Bond Universal adhesive (3M) were applied to the dentin surface. Composite blocks were built using the incremental technique, sectioned into 1×1 mm slices and subjected to microtensile bond strength (µTBS) testing. Fracture patterns and surface topography of each dentinal pretreatment were evaluated using a Scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bond strength data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. Results: The group that received pretreatment with 5s APA and PhoA presented higher µTBS values among all groups, which was statistically different when compared with the PhoA, 10APA+PhoA, and 5APA+PhyA groups. PhyA did not significantly influence the bond strength of the air-abraded groups. Finally, adhesive failure was considered the predominant failure in all groups. Conclusion: Dentin pretreated by airborne particle abrasion using aluminum oxide demonstrated an increase in bond strength when abraded for 5 seconds and conditioned with phosphoric acid in a universal adhesive system.
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BACKGROUND: This study investigated effects of rapid high-intensity light-curing (3 s) on increasing transdentinal temperature and cell viability. METHODS: A total of 40 dentin discs (0.5 mm) obtained from human molars were prepared, included in artificial pulp chambers (4.5 × 5 mm), and subjected to four light-curing protocols (n = 5), with a Valo Grand light curing unit: (i) 10 s protocol with a moderate intensity of 1000 mW/cm2 (Valo-10 s); (ii) 3 s protocol with a high intensity of 3200 mW/cm2 (Valo-3 s); (iii) adhesive system + Filtek Bulk-Fill Flow bulk-fill composite resin in 10 s (FBF-10 s); (iv) adhesive system + Tetric PowerFlow bulk-fill composite resin in 3 s (TPF-3 s). Transdentinal temperature changes were recorded with a type K thermocouple. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests for comparison between experimental groups (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The 3 s high-intensity light-curing protocol generated a higher temperature than the 10 s moderate-intensity standard (p < 0.001). The Valo-10 s and Valo-3 s groups demonstrated greater cell viability than the FBF-10s and TPF-3 s groups and statistical differences were observed between the Valo-3 s and FBF-10 s groups (p = 0.023) and Valo-3 s and TPF-3 s (p = 0.025), with a potential cytotoxic effect for the FBF-10 s and TPF-3 s groups. CONCLUSIONS: The 3 s rapid high-intensity light-curing protocol of bulk-fill composite resins caused a temperature increase greater than 10 s and showed cell viability similar to and comparable to the standard protocol.
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OBJECTIVE: A diagnostic mock-up is a key tool that allows a preview of the outcome of an esthetic restoration. With recent developments in CAD/CAM technology, it is important to understand the pros and cons of chairside digital dentistry and the restorative materials used. The aim of the present case report is to describe in detail the use of a 3D-printed mock-up fabricated from a polymer-based material for an esthetic treatment plan within a fully digital workflow. CASE REPORT: A 45-year-old female patient presented at the clinic concerned about her esthetic appearance and the color of her anterior incisors. After a conclusive diagnosis, a restoration was planned using ceramic veneers from maxillary premolar to premolar. For a preview visualization of the outcome, an intraoral scanner was used to obtain 3D images and to allow the design of a digital smile. The template STL file was exported to a 3D printer and a 0.6-mm mock-up in A3-shade 3D resin was produced after 25 min. The mock-up was tested through a try-in and approved by the patient. As a result, the printed mock-up was considered predictable and reliable for the final restoration. CONCLUSIONS: The ease, speed, and reduced costs derived from the digital workflow, in conjunction with the accuracy of the mock-up, made the procedure highly efficient and recommendable.
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Diseño Asistido por Computadora , Estética Dental , Impresión Tridimensional , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Coronas con Frente Estético , Diseño de Prótesis Dental/métodos , Cerámica , Incisivo/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of abrasion wear on surface roughness and microhardness of different commercially available resin composites simulating pH-challenges of the oral cavity. Methods: Three resin composites (RC) were used in this study: one conventional: Z250; and two bulk fill resin composites (BRC): Tetric N-Ceram (TNC) and Sonic Fill (SF). The RC was inserted in a prefabricated mold (15mm wide x 4mm thickness) in two layers, or in a single layer for BRC. Thirty samples were prepared and surface roughness (Ra) and Knoop microhardness (KHN) test were performed at three different time-points of evaluation: baseline (24h after sample preparation); partial (after pH cycling); and final (after simulated toothbrushing procedure). Two samples of each group were selected after different treatments and analyzed descriptively on a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data from Ra and KHN were analyzed by two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-hoc test with a significance level set at 5%. Results: Ra increased for all groups (p<0.001), at the final time-point, Z250 and TNC groups present the highest values. Oppositely, KHN decreased for all groups (p<0.001), Z250 group showed the highest KHN values for all time-points (p<0.001). The SEM imagens showed a regular surface for samples cycled and irregular with inorganic particles exposed for samples toothbrushed. Conclusion: pH-cycling and simulated toothbrushing affected the superficial properties (roughness and Knoop microhardness), as observed at SEM imagens, with irregular surface with inorganic particles exposure
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Propiedades de Superficie , Cepillado Dental , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Resinas CompuestasRESUMEN
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of inorganic composition and filler particle morphology on the mechanical properties of different self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs). Materials and Methods: Three SARCs including RelyX Unicem-2 (RUN), Maxcem Elite (MAX), and Calibra Universal (CAL) were tested. Rectangular bar-shaped specimens were prepared for flexural strength (FS) and flexural modulus (FM) and determined by a 3-point bending test. The Knoop microhardness (KHN) and top/bottom microhardness ratio (%KHN) were conducted on the top and bottom faces of disc-shaped samples. Sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl) were evaluated after 24 hours of water immersion. Filler morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). FS, FM, %KHN, Wsp, Wsl, and EDS results were submitted to 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test, and KHN also to paired t-test (α = 0.05). Results: SARC-CAL presented the highest FS value, and SARC-RUN presented the highest FM. SARC-MAX and RUN showed the lowest Wsp and Wsl values. KHN values decreased from top to bottom and the SARCs did not differ statistically. Also, all resin cements presented carbon, aluminum, and silica in their composition. SARC-MAX and RUN showed irregular and splintered particles while CAL presented small and regular size particles. Conclusions: A higher mechanical strength can be achieved by a reduced spread in grit size and the filler morphology can influence the KHN, as well as photoinitiators in the composition. Wsp and Wsl can be correlated with ions diffusion of inorganic particles.
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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of dentin pretreatments on the push-out bond strength (POBS) of self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) to radicular dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two experimental pretreatments (2.5% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4 ) and 26% polyacrylic acid (PA)) and two SARCs: Maxcem Elite (MAX) and Calibra Universal (CAL) were used. For each cement, a control group was applied as indicated by the manufacturer. Sixty bovine incisors were restored (n = 10) and subjected to POBS evaluation. Failure mode, adhesive interface and surface morphology were analyzed by a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and resin infiltration was performed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data for POBS and CLSM were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc (α = 0.05). RESULTS: For MAX, both experimental pretreatments resulted in increased POBS in the cervical third, and for CAL, only the PA resulted in higher POBS in the cervical third. The most failures occurred between the dentin and the resin cement, except when TiF4 was applied. For PA, analysis of surface morphology showed open dentinal tubules, while TiF4 presented particle agglomerates. SEM and CLSM images confirmed presence of resin tags for both pretreatments. CONCLUSION: Pretreating radicular dentin with PA and TiF4 solutions improves the bond strength of SARCs.
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Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Cementos de Resina , Animales , Bovinos , Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo/métodos , Cementos Dentales/química , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Dentina , Recubrimientos Dentinarios/química , Ensayo de Materiales , Cementos de Resina/química , Propiedades de SuperficieRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analyses aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) compound compared to sodium fluoride (NaF) on eroded enamel or dentin. METHODS: Two independent reviewers searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Open gray Literature up to June 2020. MeSH terms, supplementary concepts, synonyms, and free terms were applied based on PICOS strategy (P- population: eroded enamel or dentin; I- intervention: eroded teeth treated with solution or varnish of TiF4; C- comparison: eroded teeth treated with a solution or varnish of NaF; O- outcome: mineral loss measurement; S- study design: in vitro studies). Seven distinct parameters evaluated the risk of bias, and all studies were submitted to 4 meta-analyses (first and second meta-analyses related to enamel loss treated with fluoride solution or varnish, respectively; third and fourth meta-analyses related to dentin loss treated with fluoride solution or varnish, respectively). A sensitivity test was performed by the RevMan software, based on standard mean difference calculation (P < .05). RESULTS: A total of 10,260 studies were retrieved, from which 22 studies were included in systematic review through eligibility criteria, of which 1 study was classified as low risk of bias, 19 as medium, and 3 as high. Seventeen studies were included in 4 different meta-analyses, presenting considerable overall heterogeneity (I2â¯=â¯95; 92; 95; and 93%, respectively) with statistical significance for TiF4 on the first meta-analysis, and no statistical significance for second, third, and fourth meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Titanium tetrafluoride compound delivered as solution provided significant effective protection for erosion lesions on the enamel surface compared to sodium fluoride. However, when TiF4 or NaF were applied on enamel or dentin surfaces as varnish, both provided the same effective protection, based on in vitro studies with considerable heterogeneity.
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Fluoruros , Erosión de los Dientes , Cariostáticos/farmacología , Cariostáticos/uso terapéutico , Fluoruros/farmacología , Humanos , Fluoruro de Sodio/farmacología , Titanio , Erosión de los Dientes/prevención & controlRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To answer the question: "Does the peroxide gel application regimen (single application vs. renewal) influence the efficacy and the tooth sensitivity outcomes of in-office tooth bleaching?" METHODS: The search was done in Pubmed, Cochrane, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE in February 2021 (updated in July 2021). Randomized clinical trials (RCT) comparing the single application vs. the renewal protocols of HP were included. The meta-analyses were performed for the objective (ΔEab ), subjective (ΔSGU) color changes, and absolute risk of tooth sensitivity (TS). Heterogeneity was evaluated using Q test (I2 ). Cochrane Collaboration tool assessed the risk of bias (RoB). The GRADE evaluated the certainty of evidence. RESULTS: Five RCT studies remained. Two studies showed high RoB, and three presented some concerns. No significant differences were observed between the protocols in terms of the ΔEab , ΔSGU, and TS. ΔEab exhibited substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 87%), while ΔSGU (I2 = 60%) and the TS (I2 = 62%) presented a moderate one. The certainty of evidence was considered low or very low, depending on the variable response and the evaluation time. CONCLUSION: The application regimen (single vs. renewal of HP) did not impact color change or the absolute risk of TS. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The renewal of bleaching gel during the in-office appointment may not be necessary. However, there is at least a low certainty of evidence. Because of this, further randomized clinical trials with appropriate methodology on this topic are encouraged.
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Sensibilidad de la Dentina , Blanqueadores Dentales , Blanqueamiento de Dientes , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Peróxidos , Blanqueamiento de Dientes/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Abstract Objective: To compare the marginal degradation (susceptibility to marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration) of composite restorations placed in class II and V cavities using conventional and bulk-fill resin composites. Material and Methods: This study was approved by PROSPERO database (#42020201596). PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cochrane, Open Grey, Clinical Trials, and Rebec databases were searched by three independent investigators using MeSH terms, supplementary concepts, synonyms, and free keywords, based on the PICOS strategy (P, population: restoration in permanent teeth; I, intervention: bulk-fill resin composite; C, comparison: conventional resin composite; O, outcome: marginal discoloration and adaptation; and S, study design: randomized and non-randomized clinical trials). The risk of bias was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool, the meta-analyses by RevMan software, the certainty of evidence by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, and the leave-one-out sensitivity test. The prevalence of successful events and the total number of restorations were used to calculate the risk difference at a confidence interval of 95%, according to a fixed-effect model. The heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 index. Results: 16 from 10,780 studies were selected and included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Two studies were considered as high risk of bias, one showing some concerns, and 13 as low risk of bias. Four meta-analyses evaluated the marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration in class II and V cavities, with a nonsignificant heterogeneity (I2 = 0%, p>0.05). The certainty of evidence was considered high, except for two subgroups of each outcome. Conclusion: There is evidence that composite restorations using conventional and bulk-fill resin composites present similar clinical performance related to marginal degradation (AU).
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Metaanálisis como Asunto , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Resinas Compuestas , Revisiones Sistemáticas como Asunto , Adaptación Marginal DentalRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Wetting agents facilitate the composites handling, acting as a lubricant and decreasing their stickness to spatula. The effects of these materials on the properties of composites are not completely clear. This study aimed to evaluate Gloss, Color, Roughness and Microhardness of a composite (Filtek Z250 XT, 3M Oral Care) covered by a wetting agent (Modeling Resin, Bisco), submitted to brushing and staining cycles with red wine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cylinder-shaped samples (8 mm ø x 2 mm height) were divided into 4 groups, according to application of wetting agent and brushing cycles (n = 20). The composite was placed in the orifice of a polytetrafluoroethylene mold, received wetting agent coverage, and was light-cured. Gloss, Color, Roughness and Microhardness were evaluated in two times: after samples confection and after brushing + staining cycles. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (ΔL, Δa, Δb and ΔE) and two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferronis's test (gloss, roughness and microhardness). RESULTS: In general, the composite showed higher gloss values when added by the wetting agent. No statistical differences were observed regarding colors' groups. Roughness increased after brushing cycles, regardless of wetting agent application. The only group which presented decreased Microhardness after cycles was the group without wetting agent, only submitted to staining with red wine. CONCLUSIONS: The application of wetting agent on the composite did not interfere negatively with its properties of Gloss, Color, Roughness and Microhardness. Key words:Resin composite, wetting agent, surface properties, gloss, color, esthetic dentistry.
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PURPOSE: This study evaluated dentin bond strength, failure mode, interface morphology, adhesive infiltration into dentin, and marginal adaptation of bulk-fill composites used with different adhesives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Third molars received occlusal class I cavities (4 mm x 4 mm x 4 mm) that were bulk-filled with Admira Fusion x-tra (Voco) or SonicFill 2 (Kerr) using four adhesives (Scotchbond Multipurpose, 3M Oral Care; Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray Noritake; OptiBond All-In-One, Kerr; Futurabond U, Voco). Scotchbond was used with acid-etching, while the remaining adhesives were applied in self-etch mode. Sixty-four teeth were selected for the microtensile bond strength test (n = 8). Failure modes were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Interface morphology and adhesive infiltration (n = 3) were investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Marginal adaptation (n = 3) was also evaluated using SEM. Bond strength, failure mode, and adhesive infiltration data were analyzed for distribution and homocedasticity, followed by appropriate statistical analyses (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Regarding bond strength, no differences were found among adhesives for SonicFill; Clearfil showed a significantly lower mean value than did Scotchbond (p ≤ 0.05) for Admira; the two composites did not differ. Adhesive and mixed failures were observed for all groups. Scotchbond led to thicker hybrid layers with deeper adhesive infiltration as opposed to Futurabond. The groups Admira+Futurabond, SonicFill+Clearfil, and SonicFill+Futurabond presented the highest marginal discontinuity. CONCLUSION: The tested bulk-fill composites did not affect dentin bonding. Scotchbond and Clearfil seem to be reliable for bonding SonicFill 2 to dentin. The performance of Futurabond was questionable, given its poor-quality interface and higher percentages of marginal gaps.
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Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Recubrimientos Dentinarios , Adhesivos , Resinas Compuestas , Cementos Dentales , Dentina , Ensayo de Materiales , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Cementos de Resina , Resistencia a la TracciónRESUMEN
This study developed experimental gels containing titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) combined with commercial 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP), and evaluated bleaching efficacy and pH of the gels, and mineral content and morphology of enamel submitted to these treatments. In phase-1, different stock gels mixed with TiF4 were combined with HP. In phase-2, the selected gels were tested on enamel/dentin specimens (n=8): HP; HP and Natrosol+TiF4 (HPnT); HP and Natrosol+Chemygel+TiF4 (HPncT); HP and Aristoflex+TiF4 (HPaT). Bleaching was performed in four sessions (3x15min-application/session). Color (CIEL*a*b*) and whiteness index (WID) were measured after each session, whereas whiteness index differences (ΔWID), color alteration (CIELab-ΔE, CIEDE2000-ΔE00), enamel morphology and pH, at end of bleaching therapy. The change in Knoop microhardness (ΔKHN) was compared before and after bleaching. Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni (CIEL*, a*, b*), one-way ANOVA and Tukey (ΔWID, ΔE, ΔE00), and LSD (ΔKHN) tests (α=5%). SEM and pH measurements were submitted to descriptive analysis. No differences were observed in lightness (L*) or WID among the groups (p > 0.05), but HP exhibited lower b* values (p<0.05), higher ΔWID than HPnT, and the highest ΔE among the groups (p < 0.05). No differences in ΔE00 were observed between HP and HPncT (p > 0.05), and HPncT showed higher ΔKHN than HP (p < 0.05). HP presented pH values closer to neutral (6.9), whereas experimental agents showed acidic pH values (2.3-3.9). No morphological changes were observed in HP or HPncT groups. HPncT was able to bleach the enamel and maintain enamel microhardness and surface integrity, even at low pH.
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Blanqueadores , Blanqueadores Dentales , Blanqueamiento de Dientes , Fluoruros , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , TitanioRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This randomized clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of a blue-covarine whitening toothpaste on tooth bleaching. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Seventy-five subjects with shade mean C1 or darker were randomized into three groups (n = 25): CT-conventional toothpaste, WT-whitening toothpaste, and CP10-10% carbamide peroxide. Subjects from CT and WT brushed their teeth twice/day for 2 weeks. CP10 used bleaching gel for 4 hours/night for 2 weeks. Tooth shade and CIELab parameters were measured at baseline, after the first application, 2- and 4-week. ΔE*ab and ΔE00 were calculated. Subjects' perception about tooth color appearance, tooth sensitivity (TS), and gingival irritation (GI) were also assessed. RESULTS: At all evaluation periods, it was not observed differences between WT and CT considering tooth shade (P > 0.7) or CIELab parameters (P > 0.3). At 2- and 4-week, ΔE*ab and ΔE00 were higher for CP10 than WT or CT (P = 0.001). WT and CT reported major dissatisfaction with tooth color appearance than CP10 (P = 0.001). At 1- and 2-week, WT experienced GI and TS similar to CT, both lower than CP10 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the whitening efficacy between whitening and conventional toothpastes. Neither of the dentifrices was as effective as at-home bleaching. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The silica-based toothpaste containing blue covarine evaluated in this study did not give significant tooth whitening benefits over 2 weeks of use.
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Metaloporfirinas , Blanqueamiento de Dientes , Decoloración de Dientes , Color , Método Doble Ciego , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Isoindoles , Peróxidos , Decoloración de Dientes/tratamiento farmacológico , Pastas de Dientes , Resultado del Tratamiento , UreaRESUMEN
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate surface microhardness, roughness, color, gloss and topography of low-cost Brazilian resin composites, compared with an international one. All 120 samples (8mm ø x 2mm height) were prepared and divided into 5 groups: Ultrafill (Biodinâmica), Llis (FGM), Fill Magic (Coltene), Applic (Makira), and Filtek Z250XT (3M Oral Care). Surface microhardness (KHN) (n=10) was analyzed at two time periods: before and after simulated tooth brushing (STB). Other standardized samples of each group (n=10) were analyzed for surface roughness (Ra), color (ΔL, Δa, Δb, ΔE, ΔE00) and gloss unit (GU) at the same two periods. The topography of non-brushed and brushed samples of each group (n=4) was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed statistically by two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test (KHN, Ra, GU), and one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test (ΔL, Δa, Δb, ΔE, ΔE00) (α=0.05). Topographic images were submitted to descriptive analysis. The low-cost Brazilian resin composites investigated were compared with the international one and revealed: lower KHN, regardless of before or after STB; statistically similar Ra before STB, except Ultrafill, which presented higher values; lower Ra after STB, except Ultrafill, which presented statistically similar values; statistically similar color change in ΔL, Δa, Δb parameters; statistically similar color change in ΔE, ΔE00 parameters, except Fill Magic, which presented lower values; lower gloss before STB; lower gloss after STB, except Ultrafill, which presented statistically similar values. In a situation of scarce resources, low-cost Brazilian composites might be an acceptable cost-effective restorative alternative.
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Cepillado Dental , Brasil , Color , Resinas Compuestas , Ensayo de Materiales , Propiedades de SuperficieRESUMEN
This article reports a comprehensive restorative treatment using bulk-fill composites and discusses their properties and clinical performance. A 20-year-old man sought dental treatment due to the dark shade of his smile and multiple old amalgam fillings. Based on clinical and radiographic findings, and the patient's demand for tooth-colored fillings, treatment comprised enamel microabrasion and in-office dental bleaching, followed by the replacement of amalgam fillings by bulk-fill composites. Bulk-fill composites exhibit modifications in the filler size and shape or in the chemistry of monomers that allow them to be applied in thicker layers (4 to 5 mm), creating opportunities for simpler, faster, and more-efficient clinical procedures, as seen in the present report.
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Resinas Compuestas , Diente , Adulto , Materiales Dentales , Humanos , Ensayo de Materiales , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different crowns finishing line location on the crown tensile bond strength, marginal adaption and nanoleakage. Material and Methods: Sixty healthy third molars were collected. For tensile bond strength, a self-adhesive resin cement was used. For marginal adaption, epoxy resin models were prepared. Prior to tensile bond strength test, images for the epoxy resin models were measured under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nanoleakage was measured using same protocol. Failure mode was evaluated through SEM and classified: adhesive failure, cohesive in cement, cohesive in dentin, cohesive in resin composite, cohesive in enamel, and mixed. Statistical analysis was performed using Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov Smirnov normality tests, two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni (posthoc) parametric test, with significance level of 5% (P < .05), Spearman correlation test. Results: tensile bond strength was not statistically different between the cemented groups with composite resin and ceramic. Cementation of ceramic was not statistically different between the groups (enamel, 3.28 Pa; dentin, 3.14 Pa; resin, 2.85 Pa). Marginal adaption was statistically different between resin and ceramic; finish line location varied between enamel and resin (175.91 µm vs. 433.58 µm). Nanoleakage rate was statistically different among all groups, except for resin: with resin (9.49%) and ceramic (9.35%). There was a predominance of adhesive failure in all groups. Conclusion: finish line location can be performed safely in enamel and dentin. Composite resinas substrate present an alternative, but still need to be more studied. Regarding the crown's material, it is possible to perform a satisfatory restoration in both: resin and ceramic. With ceramics presenting better results. (AU)
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da localização do término marginal na cimentação de coroas, na resistência à tração, adaptação marginal e nanoinfiltração, de acordo com os fatores: término marginal (dentina, esmalte e resina composta), e material restaurador (resina composta e cerâmica). Material e Métodos: Foram coletados 60 terceiros molares hígidos. Para o teste de resistência à tração, todas as amostras foram praparadas com término em chanfro e um cimento resinoso autoadesivo foi utilizado para a cimentação. Para a avaliação da adaptação marginal, foram confeccionados modelos em resina epóxica da linha de cimentação das amostras, previamente ao teste de tração, e submetidas à avaliação em microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), para obtenção de imagens que posteriormente foram mensuradas. Para a nanoinfiltração, foram confeccionados fragmentos dos substratos e materiais restauradores, que foram cimentados com o mesmo protocolo. As amostras/imagens foram obtidas em MEV e mensurada a área infiltrada. O padrão de fratura foi avaliado através de imagens obtidas no MEV e classificados em: falha adesiva, coesiva em cimento, coesiva em dentina, coesiva em resina composta, coesiva em esmalte e mista. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando os testes de normalidade Shapiro-Wilk e Kolmogorov Smirnov, ANOVA a dois fatores, teste paramétrico Bonferroni (post-hoc), com nível de significância de 5% (P <0,05), teste de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: a resistência à tração não foi estatisticamente diferente entre os grupos cimentados com resina composta e cerâmica. A cimentação da cerâmica não foi estatisticamente diferente entre os grupos (esmalte, 3,28 Pa; dentina, 3,14 Pa; resina, 2,85 Pa). A adaptação marginal foi estatisticamente diferente entre resina e cerâmica; a localização da linha de chegada variou entre esmalte e resina (175,91 µm vs. 433,58 µm). Para a nanoinfiltração foi estatisticamente diferente entre todos os grupos, exceto a resina: com resina (9,49%) e cerâmica (9,35%). Houve predomínio de falha adesiva em todos os grupos. Conclusão: a localização da linha de chegada pode ser realizada com segurança no esmalte e dentina. O substrato em resina composta apresenta uma alternativa promissora, mas ainda precisa ser mais estudado. Em relação ao material da coroa, é possível realizar uma restauração satisfatória tanto em resina composta quanto em cerâmica. Sendo a cerâmica, o material que apresentou melhores resultados. (AU)