Nonasymptotic Fractional Derivative Estimation of the Pseudo-State for a Class of Fractional-Order Partial Unknown Nonlinear Systems.

This work is devoted to the nonasymptotic and robust fractional derivative estimation of the pseudo-state for a class of fractional-order nonlinear systems with partial unknown terms in noisy environments. In particular, the estimation for the pseudo-state can be obtained by setting the fractional derivative's order to zero. For this purpose, the fractional derivative estimation of the pseudo-state is achieved by estimating both the initial values and the fractional derivatives of the output, thanks to the additive index law of fractional derivatives. The corresponding algorithms are established in terms of integrals by employing the classical and generalized modulating functions methods. Meanwhile, the unknown part is fitted via an innovative sliding window strategy. Moreover, error analysis in discrete noisy cases is discussed. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to verify the correctness of the theoretical results and the noise reduction efficiency.

An innovative modulating functions method for pseudo-state estimation of fractional order systems.

In this paper, the objective is to estimate the pseudo-state of fractional order systems defined by the Caputo fractional derivative from discrete noisy output measurement. For this purpose, an innovative modulating functions method is proposed, which can provide non-asymptotic estimation within finite-time and is robust against corrupting noises. First, the proposed method is directly applied to the Brunovsky's observable canonical form of the considered system. Then, the initial value of the pseudo-state is exactly expressed by an algebraic integral formula, based on which the pseudo-state is estimated. Second, the properties and construction of the required modulating functions are studied. Furthermore, error analysis is provided in discrete noise cases, which is useful for improving the estimation accuracy. In order to show the advantages of the proposed method, two numerical examples are given, where both rational order and irrational order dynamical systems are considered. After selecting the design parameters using the provided noise error bound, the pseudo-states of considered systems are estimated. The fractional order Luenberger-like observer and the fractional order H∞-like observer are also applied. Better than the applied fractional order observers, the proposed method can guarantee the convergence speed and robustness at the same time.

Observer design for a class of nonlinear piecewise systems. Application to an epidemic model with treatment.

Susceptible Exposed Infectious and Recovered epidemic model endowed with a treatment function (SEIR-T model) is a well-known model used to reproduce the behavior of an epidemic, where the susceptible population and the exposed population need to be estimated to predict and control the propagation of a contagious disease. This paper focuses on the nonlinear observer design for a class of nonlinear piecewise systems including SEIR-T models. For this purpose, two changes of coordinates are provided to transform the considered systems into an extended nonlinear observer normal form, on which a high gain observer can be applied. Then, the proposed method is applied to a SEIR-T model. Finally, simulation results are given to show its efficiency.

[Metabolic footprint in conditioned culture medium of placental explants: a comparison between early-onset and late-onset severe preeclampsia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences of metabolic footprint in the conditioned culture medium of placental explants between early-onset and late-onset severe preeclampsia. METHODS: In 13 cases of early-onset severe preeclampsia and 14 cases of late-onset severe preeclampsia, the placentas were sampled at the surface of the maternal placenta. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was used to determine the differences in the metabolites in the conditioned culture medium of the placental villous explants cultured in 6% atmospheric O(2) for 96 h. Standard samples were used to establish the tryptophan and kynurenine chromatography library by HPLC-MS to analyze the concentration of tryptophan and kynurenine in the conditioned culture medium. RESULTS: Thirty-six metabolites showed statistically significant differences between early-onset and late-onset severe preeclampsia (P<0.05). The concentration of kynurenine was significantly higher in early-onset severe preeclampsia than in late-onset severe preeclampsia (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Early-onset and late-onset severe preeclampsia may have different pathogeneses. By detecting the concentration of metabolites, metabolomic strategies provide a new means for predicting the onset time of severe preeclampsia.