Paracoccus benzoatiresistens sp. nov., a benzoate resistance and selenite reduction bacterium isolated from wetland.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, pale orange, rod-shaped strain EF6T, was isolated from a natural wetland reserve in Hebei province, China. The strain grew at 25-37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 7), and in the presence of 1.0-4.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2%). A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain EF6T belongs to the genus Paracoccus, and the closest members were Paracoccus shandongensis wg2T with 98.1% similarity, Paracoccus fontiphilus MVW-1 T (97.9%), Paracoccus everestensis S8-55 T (97.7%), Paracoccus subflavus GY0581T (97.6%), Paracoccus sediminis CMB17T (97.3%), Paracoccus caeni MJ17T (97.0%), and Paracoccus angustae E6T (97.0%). The genome size of strain EF6T was 4.88 Mb, and the DNA G + C content was 65.3%. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization, average nucleotide identity, and average amino acid identity values between strain EF6T and the reference strains were all below the threshold limit for species delineation (< 32.8%, < 88.0%, and < 86.7%, respectively). The major fatty acids (≥ 5.0%) were summed feature 8 (86.3%, C18:1 ω6c and/or C18:1 ω7c) and C18:1 (5.0%) and the only isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified glycolipids, five unidentified phospholipids, and an unidentified aminolipid. Strain EF6T displays notable resistance to benzoate and selenite, with higher tolerance levels (25 g/L for benzoate and 150 mM for selenite) compared to the closely related species. Genomic analysis identified six benzoate resistance genes (acdA, pcaF, fadA, pcaC, purB, and catA) and twenty selenite resistance and reduction-related genes (iscR, ssuB, ssuD, selA, selD and so on). Additionally, EF6T possesses unique genes (catA, ssuB, and ssuC) absent in the closely related species for benzoate and selenite resistance. Its robust resistance to benzoate and selenite, coupled with its genomic makeup, make EF6T a promising candidate for the remediation of both organic and inorganic pollutants. It is worth noting that the specific resistance phenotypes described above were not reported in other novel species in Paracoccus. Based on the results of biochemical, physiological, phylogenetic, and chemotaxonomic analyses, combined with comparisons of the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the whole genome sequence, strain EF6T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Paracoccus within the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Paracoccus benzoatiresistens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EF6T (= GDMCC 1.3400 T = JCM 35642 T = MCCC 1K08702T).

Association between dietary fiber intake and diabetic nephropathy among adult diabetes mellitus in the United States: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: There has been some evidence that dietary fiber may be associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the relationship is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and DN. Methods: This cross-sectional study used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data collected between 2007 and 2020. Weighted multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relation between dietary fiber intake and DN. In addition, fitted smoothed curves were used to explore potential non-linear relationships. If non-linearity was observed, inflection points were further calculated by a recursive algorithm. Results: The study finally included 5964 subjects ≥20 years of age. The mean age was 60.8 ± 13.4 years with males (52.4 %), and non-Hispanic Whites (62.4 %), and the weighted prevalence of DN was 36.7 %. Dietary fiber was negatively associated with the risk of DN after controlling for all confounding variables (OR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.80, 0.99). Smoothed curve fit plots of the dose relationship showed that dietary fiber intake was linearly related to DN, whereas males (inflection point of 8.0 g/d) and non-Hispanic Blacks (inflection point of 14.9 g/d) followed a non-linear inverted U-shaped curve relationship. In United States adults aged 20 and older, dietary fiber intake may be associated with a reduced risk of DN. Conclusion: Appropriate increases in dietary fiber intake may offer potential benefits for DN. In conclusion, it appears that increasing dietary fiber intake may be one of the most effective strategies for the prevention and management of DN.

CsEXL3 regulate mechanical harvest-related droopy leaves under the transcriptional activation of CsBES1.2 in tea plant.

Due to a labor shortage, the mechanical harvesting of tea plantations has become a focal point. However, mechanical harvest efficiency was hampered by droopy leaves, leading to a high rate of broken tea shoots and leaves. Here, we dissected the genetic structure of leaf droopiness in tea plants using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on 146 accessions, combined with transcriptome from two accessions with contrasting droopy leaf phenotypes. A set of 16 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) containing 54 SNPs and 34 corresponding candidate genes associated with droopiness were then identified. Among these, CsEXL3 (EXORDIUM-LIKE 3) from Chromosome 1 emerged as a candidate gene. Further investigations revealed that silencing CsEXL3 in tea plants resulted in weaker vascular cell malformation and brassinosteroid-induced leaf droopiness. Additionally, brassinosteroid signal factor CsBES1.2 was proved to participate in CsEXL3-induced droopiness and vascular cell malformation via using the CsBES1.2-silencing tea plant. Notably, CsBES1.2 bound on the E-box of CsEXL3 promoter to transcriptionally activate CsEXL3 expression as CUT&TAG based ChIP-qPCR and ChIP-seq suggested in vivo as well as EMSA and Y1H indicated in vitro. Furthermore, CsEXL3 instead of CsBES1.2 decreased lignin content and the expressing levels of lignin biosynthesis genes. Overall, our findings suggest that CsEXL3 regulates droopy leaves, partially through the transcriptional activation of CsBES1.2, with the potential to improve mechanical harvest efficiency in tea plantations.

Unveiling the transferability of PLSR models for leaf trait estimation: lessons from a comprehensive analysis with a novel global dataset.

Leaf traits are essential for understanding many physiological and ecological processes. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models with leaf spectroscopy are widely applied for trait estimation, but their transferability across space, time, and plant functional types (PFTs) remains unclear. We compiled a novel dataset of paired leaf traits and spectra, with 47 393 records for > 700 species and eight PFTs at 101 globally distributed locations across multiple seasons. Using this dataset, we conducted an unprecedented comprehensive analysis to assess the transferability of PLSR models in estimating leaf traits. While PLSR models demonstrate commendable performance in predicting chlorophyll content, carotenoid, leaf water, and leaf mass per area prediction within their training data space, their efficacy diminishes when extrapolating to new contexts. Specifically, extrapolating to locations, seasons, and PFTs beyond the training data leads to reduced R2 (0.12-0.49, 0.15-0.42, and 0.25-0.56) and increased NRMSE (3.58-18.24%, 6.27-11.55%, and 7.0-33.12%) compared with nonspatial random cross-validation. The results underscore the importance of incorporating greater spectral diversity in model training to boost its transferability. These findings highlight potential errors in estimating leaf traits across large spatial domains, diverse PFTs, and time due to biased validation schemes, and provide guidance for future field sampling strategies and remote sensing applications.

Enhancing post-harvest quality of tomato fruits with chitosan oligosaccharide-zinc oxide nanocomposites: A study on biocompatibility, quality improvement, and carotenoid enhancement.

In this study, a new composite with combination of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), termed Chitosan Oligosaccharide-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites (COS-ZnO NC), was designed to enhance the quality of tomato fruits during postharvest storage. SEM analysis showed a uniform distribution of COS-ZnO NC films on tomato surfaces, indicating high biocompatibility, while the FTIR spectrum confirmed the interaction of COS and ZnO NPs via hydrogen bonds. The COS-ZnO NC exerts positive effects on post-harvest quality of tomato fruits, including significantly reduced water loss, fewer skin wrinkles, increased sugar-acid ratio, and enhanced vitamin C and carotenoids accumulation. Furthermore, COS-ZnO NC induces transcription of carotenoid biosynthesis genes and promotes carotenoids storage in the chromoplast. These results suggest that the COS-ZnO NC film can significantly improve the quality traits of tomato fruits, and therefore is potential in post-harvest storage of tomato fruits.

Online Compositional Analysis of Complex Oligomers in Biomass Degradation by High-Pressure Flow-Through Reactor Coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Online analysis of the composition and evolution of complex oligomeric intermediates in biomass degradation is highly desirable to elucidate the mechanism of bond cleavage and study the effect of conditions on the selective conversion of feedstocks. However, harsh reaction conditions and complicated conversion systems pose tremendous challenges for conventional, state-of-the-art analytical techniques. Herein, we introduce a continuous and rapid compositional analysis strategy coupling a high-pressure flow-through reactor with online high-resolution mass spectrometry, which enables the molecular-level characterization of most biomass-related products throughout the conversion for over 2 h. Catalytic depolymerization of one model compound was studied, and temperature-dependent data of over 50 intermediates as well as recondensation dimers and oligomers were obtained, which have rarely been reported in the literature. Thousands of products during the flow-through conversion of birch wood with molecular weights up to 1000 Da were presented, and 8 typical lignin dimers and oligomers with various interunit linkages were identified at the molecular level, demonstrating the potential to analyze more complicated systems far beyond conventional methods, especially for complex oligomers. The continuous evolutions of different components and typical products were unveiled for the first time, providing valuable insights into the investigation of the structure, composition, and decomposition mechanism of lignocellulose as well as the influence of reaction conditions. This method leads to the previously unattained ability to probe and reveal complicated chemical compositions in high-pressure reactions and can be applied to all other high-pressure heterogeneous aqueous reactions.

Thermally Conductive and UV-EMI Shielding Electronic Textiles for Unrestricted and Multifaceted Health Monitoring.

Skin-attachable electronics have garnered considerable research attention in health monitoring and artificial intelligence domains, whereas susceptibility to electromagnetic interference (EMI), heat accumulation issues, and ultraviolet (UV)-induced aging problems pose significant constraints on their potential applications. Here, an ultra-elastic, highly breathable, and thermal-comfortable epidermal sensor with exceptional UV-EMI shielding performance and remarkable thermal conductivity is developed for high-fidelity monitoring of multiple human electrophysiological signals. Via filling the elastomeric microfibers with thermally conductive boron nitride nanoparticles and bridging the insulating fiber interfaces by plating Ag nanoparticles (NPs), an interwoven thermal conducting fiber network (0.72 W m-1 K-1) is constructed benefiting from the seamless thermal interfaces, facilitating unimpeded heat dissipation for comfort skin wearing. More excitingly, the elastomeric fiber substrates simultaneously achieve outstanding UV protection (UPF = 143.1) and EMI shielding (SET > 65, X-band) capabilities owing to the high electrical conductivity and surface plasmon resonance of Ag NPs. Furthermore, an electronic textile prepared by printing liquid metal on the UV-EMI shielding and thermally conductive nonwoven textile is finally utilized as an advanced epidermal sensor, which succeeds in monitoring different electrophysiological signals under vigorous electromagnetic interference. This research paves the way for developing protective and environmentally adaptive epidermal electronics for next-generation health regulation.

Discovery of novel cholinesterase inhibitors easily crossing the blood-brain barrier via structure-property relationship investigation: Methylenedioxy-cinnamicamides containing tertiary amine side chain.

In the present investigation, a series of dimethoxy or methylenedioxy substituted-cinnamamide derivatives containing tertiary amine moiety (N. N-Dimethyl, N, N-diethyl, Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, Morpholine) were synthesized and evaluated for cholinesterase inhibition and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Although their chemical structures are similar, their biological activities exhibit diversity. The results showed that all compounds except for those containing morpholine group exhibited moderate to potent acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Preliminary screening of BBB permeability shows that methylenedioxy substituted compounds have better brain permeability than the others. Compound 10c, containing methylenedioxy and pyrrolidine side chain, showed a better acetylcholinesterase inhibition (IC50: 1.52±0.19 µmol/L) and good blood-brain barrier permeability. Further pharmacokinetic investigation of compound 10c using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-mass/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) in mice showed that compound 10c in brain tissue reached its peak concentration (857.72 ± 93.56 ng/g) after dosing 30 min. Its half-life in the serum is 331 min (5.52 h), and the CBrain/CSerum at various sampling points is ranged from 1.65 to 4.71(Mean: 2.76) within 24 hours. This investigation provides valuable information on the chemistry and pharmacological diversity of cinnamic acid derivatives and may be beneficial for the discovery of central nervous system drugs.

Silencing of the T-type voltage-gated calcium channel α1 subunit by fungus-mediated RNAi altered the structure of F-actin and caused defective behaviors in Ditylenchus destructor.

BACKGROUND: T-type calcium channels, characterized as low-voltage activated (LVA) calcium channels, play crucial physiological roles across a wide range of tissues, including both the neuronal and nonneuronal systems. Using in situ hybridization and RNA interference (RNAi) techniques in vitro, we previously identified the tissue distribution and physiological function of the T-type calcium channel α1 subunit (DdCα1G) in the plant-parasitic nematode Ditylenchus destructor. METHODS AND RESULTS: To further characterize the functional role of DdCα1G, we employed a combination of immunohistochemistry and fungus-mediated RNAi and found that DdCα1G was clearly distributed in stylet-related tissue, oesophageal gland-related tissue, secretory-excretory duct-related tissue and male spicule-related tissue. Silencing DdCα1G led to impairments in the locomotion, feeding, reproductive ability and protein secretion of nematodes. To confirm the defects in behavior, we used phalloidin staining to examine muscle changes in DdCα1G-RNAi nematodes. Our observations demonstrated that defective behaviors are associated with related muscular atrophy. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the physiological functions of T-type calcium channels in plant-parasitic nematodes. The T-type calcium channel can be considered a promising target for sustainable nematode management practices.

C-Phycocyanin improves the quality of goat oocytes after in vitro maturation and vitrification.

In vitro maturation (IVM) and cryopreservation of goat oocytes are important for establishing a valuable genetic bank for domesticated female animals and improving livestock reproductive efficiency. C-Phycocyanin (PC) is a Spirulina extract with antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and radical scavenging properties. However, whether PC has positive effect on goat oocytes IVM or developmental competence after vitrification is still unknown. In this study, we found that first polar body extrusion (n = 293), cumulus expansion index (n = 269), and parthenogenetic blastocyst formation (n = 281) were facilitated by adding 30 µg/mL PC to the oocyte maturation medium when compared with the control groups and that supplemented with 3, 10, 100 or 300 µg/mL PC (P < 0.05). Although PC supplementation did not affect spindle formation or chromosome alignment (n = 115), it facilitated or improved cortical granules migration (n = 46, P < 0.05), mitochondria distribution (n = 39, P < 0.05), and mitochondrial membrane potential (n = 46, P < 10-4). Meanwhile, supplementation with 30 µg/mL PC in the maturation medium could significantly inhibit the reactive oxygen species accumulation (n = 65, P < 10-4), and cell apoptosis (n = 42, P < 0.05). In addition, PC increased the oocyte mRNA levels of GPX4 (P < 0.01), and decreased the mRNA and protein levels of BAX (P < 0.01). Next, we investigated the effect of PC supplementation in the vitrification solution on oocyte cryopreservation. When compared with the those equilibrate in the vitrification solution without PC, recovered oocytes in the 30 µg/mL PC group showed higher ratios of normal morphology (n = 85, P < 0.05), survival (n = 85, P < 0.05), first polar body extrusion (n = 62, P < 0.05), and parthenogenetic blastocyst formation (n = 107, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, PC supplementation of the vitrification solution increased oocyte mitochondrial membrane potential (n = 53, P < 0.05), decreased the reactive oxygen species accumulation (n = 73, P < 0.05), promoted mitochondria distribution (n = 58, P < 0.05), and inhibited apoptosis (n = 46, P < 10-3). Collectively, our findings suggest that PC improves goat oocyte IVM and vitrification by reducing oxidative stress and early apoptosis, which providing a novel strategy for livestock gamete preservation and utilization.

C-phycocyanin improves the developmental potential of cryopreserved human oocytes by minimizing ROS production and cell apoptosis.

PURPOSE: The cryopreservation process damages oocytes and impairs development potential. As a potent antioxidant, C-phycocyanin (PC) regulates reproductive performance. However, its beneficial effects on vitrified human oocytes remain unknown. METHODS: In this study, human GV-stage oocytes obtained from controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycles were randomly allocated to three groups: fresh oocyte without freezing (F group), vitrification in medium supplemented with PC (P group), and vitrification in medium without PC as control group (C group). After warming, viable oocytes underwent in vitro maturation. RESULTS: Our results showed that 3 µg/mL PC treatment increased the oocyte maturation rate after cryopreservation. We also found that PC treatment maintains the regular morphological features of oocytes. After PC treatment, confocal fluorescence staining showed a significant increase in the mitochondrial membrane potential of the vitrified oocytes, along with a notable decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species and the early apoptosis rate. Finally, after in vitro maturation and parthenogenetic activation, vitrified oocytes had a higher potential for cleavage and blastocyst formation after PC treatment. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that PC improves the developmental potential of cryopreserved human GV-stage oocytes by attenuating oxidative stress and early apoptosis and increasing the mitochondrial membrane potential.

A Novel NIR Fluorescence Probe with AIE Property to Image Viscosity in Nystatin-Induced Cell Model.

As one of the most significant parameters in cellular microenvironment, viscosity levels could be used to determine the metabolic process of bioactive substances within cells. Abnormal viscosity levels are closely associated with a series of diseases. Therefore, the design and synthesis of fluorescent probes that can monitor changes of intracellular viscosity in real-time is of great significance for the study of disease development process. Here, a new viscosity-recognized NIR fluorescence probe W1 based on quinoline-malonitrile is synthesized, and it is not susceptible to interference substances. Besides, AIE probe W1 shows fast response, excellent photostability, low cytotoxicity, good linear relationship between fluorescence intensity value and viscosity. Based on the above advantages, probe W1 is used to image the change of viscosity level in the cell model induced by nystatin.

Gut microbiome affects the response to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. Recent studies have suggested that the efficacy of immunotherapy can be further enhanced by the influence of gut microbiota. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of bacteria on the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy by combining analysis of clinical samples with validation in animal models. METHODS: In order to characterize the diversity and composition of microbiota and its relationship with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and GC-MS sequencing was performed on 71 stool samples from patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prior to treatment with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed from different patients into mice and a subcutaneous tumor model established using the Lewis lung cancer cell line to evaluate the therapeutic effect of PD-1 on mice with varying gut microbiota. RESULTS: The results demonstrated a significant association between elevated gut microbiota diversity and response to treatment with ICIs, p < 0.05. Faecalibacterium was markedly increased in the gut microbiota of responders (R), accompanied by increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels, especially butanoic acid, acetic acid and hexanoic acid, p < 0.05. Additionally, FMT from R and nonresponders (NR) could promote an anticancer effect and reduce the expression of Ki-67 cells in tumors in mice, p < 0.05. Moreover, R and NR FMT did not alter PD-L1 expression in the tumor tissues of mice, p > 0.05. The diversity of gut microbiota consistently correlated with an optimistic prognosis in NSCLC patients with immunotherapy, which could be functionally mediated by SCFAs. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study indicated that the diversity of gut microbiota and SCFAs is related to the efficacy of immunotherapy. FMT can effectively delay tumor progression, and enhance the effect of immunotherapy, thus providing evidence for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy in NSCLC patients.

High-speed target tracking control system based on short-time rotational reflection imaging.

High-speed tracking technology has wide applications in the military and aerospace industry. However, existing approaches, such as camera arrays or Doppler radar systems, suffer from high cost and inconvenience. This paper reports a high-speed target tracking control system based on short-time rotational reflection imaging, specifically aimed at overcoming certain limitations. In the system we designed, a high-speed camera coupled with a rotating reflector is used to achieve reliable high-speed target tracking. This paper first introduces the working principle and mathematical model of the system, then analyzes the key technologies, including motor response delay time and rotational speed curve fitting, and, finally, verifies the feasibility of the system and the correctness of the theory based on a series of experiments. Experimental results demonstrated that our work is efficient and accurate in target tracking and image clarity. The developed system demonstrates significant potential for widespread use across military and aerospace sectors. Furthermore, the insights gained from our investigation into key technologies could act as a reference point for fellow researchers in related scientific areas.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Myricaria wardii Marquand 1929 (Tamaricaceae): a shrub species endemic to the Tibet Plateau.

Myricaria wardii Marquand 1929, endemic to the Tibet Plateau, is a perennial shrub with important medicinal and ecological values. In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of M. wardii was assembled, and the phylogenetic tree was reconstructed to evaluate the phylogenetic location of the species. The results showed that the cp genome size of the M. wardii was 155,299 bp, which contained a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (26,150 bp), a large single copy (LSC) region (84,715 bp), and a small single copy (SSC) region (18,284 bp). The total GC content of the cp genome was 36.30%. A total of 128 genes were annotated, consisting of 83 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that M. wardii was closely related to M. prostrata. This study provides useful information for the conservation of this species and the phylogenetic analysis of Tamaricaceae.

Patterns of gender inequality perception and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults: The mediating role of marital life satisfaction.

OBJECTIVES: As one of the most severe public health issues, depressive symptoms have attracted wide attention around the world. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of marital life satisfaction in the relationship between gender inequality perception and depressive symptoms. METHODS: Data were obtained from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) conducted in 2020. This study incorporated a total of 13,409 married residents aged 20 and above. RESULTS: The residents with middle (B = 0.19, 95 % CI = 0.01, 0.40) or high perception of gender inequality (B = 0.55, 95 % CI = 0.34, 0.75) were more likely to develop depressive symptoms. Marital life satisfaction plays a mediating effect in the relationship between patterns of gender inequality perception and depressive symptoms, and the mediating effect accounted for 4.89 % or 1.37 % of the total impact in the residents with middle or high patterns of gender inequality perception. LIMITATIONS: Further studies need to understand the mechanisms of perceived patterns of gender inequality and depressive symptoms, because the cross-sectional design in this study cannot draw causal inferences. CONCLUSION: Patterns of gender inequality perception are significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Marital life satisfaction plays a mediating role in the relationship between patterns of gender inequality perception and depressive symptoms. It is plausible that nurturing healthy marital relationships could mitigate depressive symptoms in individuals who perceive high degrees of gender disparity.

Measuring the continuing care needs of inpatients in rural China.

BACKGROUND: International experience shows that the suitability of a high-performance healthcare system for its given purposes is reflected in its ability to provide a continuum of services that match the changing health status of the given population. Although many low- and middle-income countries have sought to bring movement away from hospital-centered and towards patient-centered healthcare, such efforts have often had poor results, and one of the major reasons for this is the inability to accurately identify which inpatients need continuing care and what kind of continuing of care is needed. OBJECTIVES: To measure and assess the continuing care needs of discharged patients and its influencing factors in rural China. METHODS: Data were obtained from the hospital database of Medical Center M in County Z from May to July 2022. County Z is a county of 1 million people in central China. The database includes basic patient information, disease-related information, and information on readiness for hospital discharge. Factors related to the need for continuing care were included in the analysis. The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale was used to assess the need for continuing care. The statistical data are expressed in terms of both frequency and composition ratio. Finally, linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the need for continuing care. RESULTS: The analysis included a total of 3,791 patients, 123 of whom (3.25%) had continuing nursing needs. The need of continuing nursing was related to patients' age group, mode of admission, occupation and major diagnostic categories (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Developing continuing care is an important initiative for bridging the fragmentation of health services, and an appropriate supply system for continuing care, interconnected with inpatient services, should be established in rural areas in China as soon as possible. And provide more appropriate care for patients in need.

The influence of Mg/Al molar ratio on the performance of CuMgAl-x catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol.

The CuMgAl-x catalysts derived from hydrotalcite precursors with different Mg/Al molar ratios were synthesized and applied to CO2 hydrogenation to methanol reaction. In this study, the effects of Mg/Al molar ratio on the structure and surface properties of CuMgAl-x catalysts were investigated by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM, H2-TPR, CO2-TPD, XPS, and in situ DRIFTS characterization methods. The results showed that an appropriate Mg/Al molar ratio can enhance the Cu-MgO interaction, increasing the basic sites and obtaining suitable acid sites. The dispersion of active Cu on the CuMgAl-x catalysts can be improved by strong Cu-MgO interaction, which enhances the adsorption capacity of CO2 and makes H2 activation easier, accelerates the conversion of intermediate species CO3 * and HCO3 *to HCOO*, and facilitates further conversion to CH3O* and CH3OH. The strong interaction between Cu and MgO was conducive to the formation of Cu+, which can inhibit the desorption of CO in the reverse water gas shift reaction. The CuMgAl-3 catalyst showed the highest CO2 Conversion rate (14.3%), methanol selectivity (94.5%), and STY of methanol (419.3 g⋅kgcat. -1⋅h-1) at 240°C and 2.5 MPa. The results obtained in this paper can provide a new idea for the design of high-performance catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol.

Comprehensive dissection of variation and accumulation of free amino acids in tea accessions.

Free amino acids (FAAs) positively determine the tea quality, notably theanine (Thea), endowing umami taste of tea infusion, which is the profoundly prevalent research in albino tea genetic resources. Therefore, 339 tea accessions were collected to study FAAs level for deciphering its variation and accumulation mechanism. Interestingly, alanine (Ala) and Thea which had the highest diversity index (H') value among three varieties of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze were significantly higher than wild relatives (P < 0.05). The intraspecific arginine (Arg) and glutamine (Gln) contents in C. sinensis var. assamica were significantly lower than sinensis and pubilimba varieties. Moreover, the importance of interdependencies operating across FAAs and chlorophyll levels were highlighted via the cell ultrastructure, metabolomics, and transcriptome analysis. We then determined that the association between phytochrome interacting factor 1 (CsPIF1) identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Thea content. Intriguingly, transient knock-down CsPIF1 expression increased Thea content in tea plant, and the function verification of CsPIF1 in Arabidopsis also indicated that CsPIF1 acts as a negative regulator of Thea content by mainly effecting the genes expression related to Thea biosynthesis, transport, and hydrolysis, especially glutamate synthase (CsGOGAT), which was validated to be associated with Thea content with a nonsynonymous SNP by Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP). We also investigated the interspecific and geographical distribution of this SNP. Taken together, these results help us to understand and clarify the variation and profile of major FAAs in tea germplasms and promote efficient utilization in tea genetic improvement and breeding.