Fine Modeling of Multiscale Fracture Cavity Fusion in Fault Solution Reservoirs Based on Multiscale Discrete Crack Modeling Method.

Geological modeling is a three-dimensional (3D) representation of comprehensive geological research results in oil fields. In this paper, first, the comprehensive geological research results were fully applied to establish geological models such as matrix, reservoir, and fractures in the study area. Second, in response to the geological characteristics of carbonate fractured and vuggy reservoirs, various data are integrated. Finally, by collecting and organizing various basic data mentioned above, a refined geological model of the oil reservoir in the study area is established. Results show that (a) Due to the complexity of the distribution of cracks and pores, the presence of these unrelated grids also affects the observation of target cracks and pores. (b) There may be multiple adjacent nodes in the initial access node. The strategy of depth-first traversal is to first access the first adjacent node. (c) There is a significant difference between the connected units extracted solely from static data and the connected units reextracted after fine-tuning the crack position considering dynamic data.

Toward Enhancing Low Temperature Performances of Lithium-Ion Transport for Metal-Organic Framework-Based Solid-State Electrolyte: Nanostructure Engineering or Crystal Morphology Controlling.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as attractive candidates for Li+ conducting electrolytes due to their regular channels and controllable morphology, making their presence prominent in the field of solid-state lithium batteries. However, most MOF-based electrolytes are researched at or near room temperature, which poses a challenge to their practical applications at low temperatures. Herein, a thin layer flower-shaped 2D Cu-MOF (CuBDC-10)-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are developed for facilitating Li+ transport at lower temperatures, which achieve an ion conductivity of 10-4 S cm-1 at -30 °C. The CuBDC-10-based SSE exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity over a wide temperature range of -40 to 100 °C (0.073-3.68 × 10-3 S cm-1). This work provides strategies for exploring MOF-based SSEs with high ionic transport performances at low temperatures.

The facile and controllable synthesis of ultrafine Sn nanocrystals loaded on carbon black for high-performance lithium storage.

Sn and C nanocomposites are ideal anode materials for high-energy and high-power density lithium ion batteries. However, their facile and controllable synthesis for practical applications is still a critical challenge. In this work, a facile one-step method is developed to controllably synthesize ultrafine Sn nanocrystals (< 5 nm) loaded on carbon black (Sn@C) through Na reducing SnCl4 by mechanical milling. Different from traditional up-down mechanical milling method, this method utilizes mechanical milling to trigger bottom-up reduction reaction of SnCl4. The in-situ formed Sn nanocrystals directly grow on carbon black, which results in the homogeneous composite and the size control of Sn nanocrystals. The obtained Sn@C electrode is revealed to possesses large lithium diffusion coefficient, low lithiation energy barrier and stable electrochemical property during cycle, thus showing excellent lithium storage performance with a high reversible capacity (942 mAh g-1 at a current density of 100 mA g-1), distinguished rate ability (480 mAh g-1 at 8000 mA g-1) and superb cycling performance (730 mAh g-1 at 1000 mA g-1 even after 1000 cycles).

Study on Reservoir Characteristics and 3D Spatial Carving of Fault Solution Reservoirs Based on Geophysical Methods.

At present, research studies on the description of fracture characterization elements in fault solution reservoirs are relatively limited, and further research is needed on contour recognition and characterization methods. In this paper, first, the regional fault system is investigated and the faults are finely identified and characterized. Second, the volume of contour-sensitive attributes of the fault solver is optimized using tensor attributes, amplitude variation, discontinuity detection, and other attributes. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation of the fault solution reservoir is carried out by combining the dynamic production characteristics. Results show that (a) the interior details of fractured reservoirs can be mainly divided into two categories: cave-type reservoirs and fracture-pore-type reservoirs. (b) Fractured and porous reservoirs mainly utilize discontinuous properties and combine well data to calibrate and determine threshold values, ultimately achieving the characterization of interior details of fractured solution bodies. (c) After anisotropic diffusion filtering and fault enhancement, the seismic data was subjected to amplitude gradient disorder detection attribute calculation for multiscale fractures.

Surface Molecular Engineering for Fully Textured Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells.

Developing large-scale monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem devices based on industrial Czochralski silicon wafers will likely have to adopt double-side textured architecture, given their optical benefits and low manufacturing costs. However, the surface engineering strategies that are widely used in solution-processed perovskites to regulate the interface properties are not directly applicable to micrometric textures. Here, we devise a surface passivation strategy by dynamic spray coating (DSC) fluorinated thiophenethylammonium ligands, combining the advantages of providing conformal coverage and suppressing phase conversion on textured surfaces. From the viewpoint of molecular engineering, theoretical calculation and experimental results demonstrate that introducing trifluoromethyl group provide more effective surface passivation through strong interaction and energy alignment by forming a dipole layer. Consequently, the DSC treatment of this bifunctional molecule enables the tandem cells based on industrial silicon wafers to achieve a certified stabilized power conversion efficiency of 30.89%. In addition, encapsulated devices display excellent operational stability by retaining over 97% of their initial performance after 600 h continuous illumination.

Novel miR-490-3p/hnRNPA1-b/PKM2 axis mediates the Warburg effect and proliferation of colon cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

BACKGROUND: Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) has been reported to enhance the Warburg effect and promote colon cancer (CC) cell proliferation, but the role and mechanism of the miR-490-3p/hnRNPA1-b/PKM2 axis in CC have not yet been elucidated. AIM: To investigate the role and mechanism of a novel miR-490-3p/hnRNPA1-b/PKM2 axis in enhancing the Warburg effect and promoting CC cell proliferation through the PI3K/AKT pathway. METHODS: Paraffin-embedded pathological sections from 220 CC patients were collected and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis to determine the expression of hnRNPA1-b. The relationship between the expression values and the clinicopathological features of the patients was investigated. Differences in mRNA expression were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while differences in protein expression were analyzed using western blot. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays, and cell cycle and apoptosis were detected using flow cytometric assays. The targeted binding of miR-490-3p to hnRNPA1-b was validated using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The Warburg effect was evaluated by glucose uptake and lactic acid production assays. RESULTS: The expression of hnRNPA1-b was significantly increased in CC tissues and cells compared to normal controls (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical results demonstrated significant variations in the expression of the hnRNPA1-b antigen in different stages of CC, including stage I, II-III, and IV. Furthermore, the clinicopathologic characterization revealed a significant correlation between hnRNPA1-b expression and clinical stage as well as T classification. HnRNPA1-b was found to enhance the Warburg effect through the PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby promoting proliferation of HCT116 and SW620 cells. However, the proliferation of HCT116 and SW620 cells was inhibited when miR-490-3p targeted and bound to hnRNPA1-b, effectively blocking the Warburg effect. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the novel miR-490-3p/hnRNPA1-b/PKM2 axis could provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of CC.

Nickel-Cobalt Bimetal Hierarchical Hollow Nanosheets for Efficient Oxygen Evolution in Seawater.

The electrochemical splitting of seawater is promising but also challenging for sustainable hydrogen gas production. Herein, ZIF-67 nanosheets are grown on nickel foam and then etched by Ni2+ in situ to obtain a hierarchical hollow nanosheets structure, which demonstrates outstanding OER performance in alkaline seawater (355 mV at 100 mA cm-2). Diven by a silicon solar panel, an overall electrolysis energy efficiency of 62% is achieved at a high current of 100 mA cm-2 in seawater electrolytes. This work provides a new design route for improving the catalytic activity of metal organic framework materials.

High-Entropy Engineering of Cubic SiP with Metallic Conductivity for Fast and Durable Li-Ion Batteries.

A cost-effective, scalable ball milling process is employed to synthesize the InGeSiP3 compound with a cubic ZnS structure, aiming to address the sluggish reaction kinetics of Si-based anodes for Lithium-ion batteries. Experimental measurements and first-principles calculations confirm that the synthesized InGeSiP3 exhibits significantly higher electronic conductivity, larger Li-ion diffusivity, and greater tolerance to volume change than its parent phases InGe (or Si)P2 or In (or Ge, or Si)P. These improvements stem from its elevated configurational entropy. Multiple characterizations validate that InGeSiP3 undergoes a reversible Li-storage mechanism that involves intercalation, followed by conversion and alloy reactions, resulting in a reversible capacity of 1733 mA h g-1 with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 90%. Moreover, the InGeSiP3-based electrodes exhibit exceptional cycling stability, retaining an 1121 mA h g-1 capacity with a retention rate of ≈87% after 1500 cycles at 2000 mA g-1 and remarkable high-rate capability, achieving 882 mA h g-1 at 10 000 mA g-1. Inspired by the distinctive characteristic of high entropy, the synthesis is extended to high entropy GaCu (or Zn)InGeSiP5, CuZnInGeSiP5, GaCuZnInGeSiP6, InGeSiP2S (or Se), and InGeSiPSSe. This endeavor overcomes the immiscibility of different metals and non-metals, paving the way for the electrochemical energy storage application of high-entropy silicon-phosphides.

Toward Enhancing Performance of Electromagnetic Wave Absorption for Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks: Nanostructure Engineering or Crystal Morphology Controlling.

Conductive metal-organic frameworks (cMOFs), which have high porosity and intrinsic electron conductivity, are regarded as ideal candidates for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. Controlling the nanostructure of absorbers may be one of the effective strategies to improve the electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance. Herein, a series of conductive Cu-HHTP MOFs (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenyl hydrates) with different nanostructures or crystal morphologies were successfully synthesized by using different structural inducers to regulate the changes in the morphology, thereby improving the EMW absorption performance. Specifically, when ammonia was used as an inducer, the obtained A-Cu-HHTP with a nanosheet structure exhibited excellent EMW absorption performance. The minimum reflection loss (RLmin) can reach -51.08 dB at 7.25 GHz with a thickness of 4.4 mm, and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) can cover 5.73 GHz at 2.5 mm. The influence of the nanostructures of the cMOFs on the dielectric and EMW absorption performance was clarified. The nanosheet structure of A-Cu-HHTP increases its specific surface area, which expands multiple scattering and reflection paths of incident EMW; Meanwhile, the unique structure facilitates the formation of more heterogeneous interfaces, optimizing impedance matching. The significant improvement in EMW performance is mainly attributed to multiple reflections and scattering as well as impedance matching. This work not only provides a simple and effective strategy for improving electromagnetic wave absorption performance but also offers guidelines for preparing morphology functional cMOF materials.

Recent progress and perspectives on metal-organic frameworks as solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries.

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are the key materials in the new generation of all-solid-state lithium ion/metal batteries. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ideal materials for developing solid electrolytes because of their structural diversity and porous properties. However, there are several significant issues and obstacles involved, such as lower ion conductivity, a smaller ion transport number, a narrower electrochemical stability window and poor interface contact. In this review, a comprehensive analysis and summary of the unique ion-conducting behavior of MOF-based electrolytes in rechargeable batteries are presented, and the different design principles of MOF-based SSEs are classified and emphasized. Accordingly, four design principles for achieving these MOF-based SSEs are presented and the influence of SSEs combined with MOFs on the electrochemical performance of the batteries is described. Finally, the challenges in the application of MOF materials in lithium ion/metal batteries are explored, and directions for future research on MOF-based electrolytes are proposed. This review will deepen the understanding of MOF-based electrolytes and promote the development of high-performance solid-state lithium ion/metal batteries. This review not only provides theoretical guidance for research on new MOF-based SSE systems, but also contributes to further development of MOFs applied to rechargeable batteries.

Electron Deficient Ir-O Bonds Promote Heterogeneous Ir-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Hydroboration of Alkenes under Mild Neat Conditions.

Tuning electronic characteristics of metal-ligand bonds based on reaction pathways to achieve efficient catalytic processes has been widely studied and proven to be feasible in homogeneous catalysis, but it is scarcely investigated in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we demonstrate the regulation of the electronic configuration of Ir-O bonds in an Ir single-atom catalyst according to the borane activation mechanism. Ir-O bonds in Ir1/Ni(OH)x are found to be more electron-poor than those in Ir1/NiOx. Despite the mild solvent-free conditions and ambient temperature, Ir1/Ni(OH)x exhibits outstanding performance for the hydroboration of alkenes, furnishing the desired alkylboronic esters with a turnover frequency value of ≤3060 h-1 and 99% anti-Markovnikov selectivity, which is significantly better than that of Ir1/NiOx (42 h-1). It is further proven that the more electron-poor Ir-O bonds as active centers are more oxidative and so benefit the activation of the H-B bond in the reductive pinacolborane.

Global research on RNA vaccines for COVID-19 from 2019 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Since the global pandemic of COVID-19 has broken out, thousands of pieces of literature on COVID-19 RNA vaccines have been published in various journals. The overall measurement and analysis of RNA vaccines for COVID-19, with the help of sophisticated mathematical tools, could provide deep insights into global research performance and the collaborative architectural structure within the scientific community of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. In this bibliometric analysis, we aim to determine the extent of the scientific output related to COVID-19 RNA vaccines between 2019 and 2023. Methods: We applied the Bibliometrix R package for comprehensive science mapping analysis of extensive bibliographic metadata retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. On January 11th, 2024, the Web of Science database was searched for COVID-19 RNA vaccine-related publications using predetermined search keywords with specific restrictions. Bradford's law was applied to evaluate the core journals in this field. The data was analyzed with various bibliometric indicators using the Bibliometrix R package. Results: The final analysis included 2962 publications published between 2020 and 2023 while there is no related publication in 2019. The most productive year was 2022. The most relevant leading authors in terms of publications were Ugur Sahin and Pei-Yong, Shi, who had the highest total citations in this field. The core journals were Vaccines, Frontiers in Immunology, and Viruses-Basel. The most frequently used author's keywords were COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and vaccine. Recent COVID-19 RNA vaccine-related topics included mental health, COVID-19 vaccines in humans, people, and the pandemic. Harvard University was the top-ranked institution. The leading country in terms of publications, citations, corresponding author country, and international collaboration was the United States. The United States had the most robust collaboration with China. Conclusion: The research hotspots include COVID-19 vaccines and the pandemic in people. We identified international collaboration and research expenditure strongly associated with COVID-19 vaccine research productivity. Researchers' collaboration among developed countries should be extended to low-income countries to expand COVID-19 vaccine-related research and understanding.

Effective Reduction of CO2 with Aromatic Amines into N-Formamides Triggered by Noble-Free Metal-Organic Framework Catalysts Under Mild Conditions.

The reductive transformation of carbon dioxide (CO2) into high-valued N­formamides matches well with the atom economy and the sustainable development intention. Nevertheless, developing a noble-free metal catalyst under mild reaction conditions is desirable and challenging. Herein, a caged metal-organic framework (MOFs) [H2N(CH3)2]2{[Ni3(µ3-O)(XN)(BDC)3]·6DMF}n (1) (XN = 6″-(pyridin-4-yl)-4,2″:4″,4″'-terpyridine), H2BDC = terephthalic acid) is harvested, presenting high thermal and chemical stabilities. Catalytic investigation reveals that 1 as a renewable noble-free MOFs catalyst can catalyze the CO2 reduction conversion with aromatic amines tolerated by broad functional groups at least ten times, resulting in various formamides in excellent yields and selectivity under the mildest reaction system (room temperature and 1 bar CO2). Density functional theory (DFT) theoretical studies disclose the applicable reaction path, in which the CO2 hydrosilylation process is initiated by the [Ni3] cluster interaction with CO2 via η2-C, O coordination mode. This work may open up an avenue to seek high-efficiency noble-free catalysts in CO2 chemical reduction into high value-added chemicals.

Ultrasensitive Eu-Based MOF Luminescence Sensor for Clenbuterol Visible Recognition.

Clenbuterol (CLB) as an illegal feed additive may cause a great security risk to food safety. However, convenient and efficient detection means for CLB in practical application remain a formidable challenge. Herein, a stable Eu-based organic framework {[H2N(CH3)2]2[Eu2(ttca)2]·H2O}n (compound 1) (H4ttca = [1,1':2',1″-terphenyl]-4,4',4″,5'-tetracarboxylic acid) has been harvested, exhibiting excellent chemical stability and thermal stability. Luminescence investigation reveals that compound 1 can sensitively and selectively detect CLB without being affected by different components from simulated serum and urine (limit detection: 22.7 nM). Furthermore, sensor 1 can also be applicable to CLB recognition in real swine feeds, presenting excellent anti-interference performance. The good cyclicity of compound 1 endows CLB determination with many advantages: low cost, high stability, and simplicity. Importantly, in view of the indication of the luminescence color (red to blue), test membranes were fabricated and employed for convenient and fast CLB detection, providing a valuable scheme for the visual monitoring of CLB in meat products. This work enriches rare earth metal compounds and luminescence sensor portfolios and breaks the concentration record (nM) for detecting CLB compared with reported complex materials, providing an effective monitoring platform for CLB visually.

Efficient improvement in the electrochemical performance of petal-like lamellar NiMn-LDHs with affluent oxygen vacancies derived from Mn MOF-74.

Supercapacitors (SCs) as a kind of novel energy storage devices have emerged to meet the urgent requirement of environmentally friendly clean energy storage equipment. However, unsatisfactory energy density and low operating voltage tremendously restrict their practical application. Herein, petal-like lamellar NiMn-layered double hydroxide (NiMn-LDH) was successfully fabricated through a simple Ni(NO3)2 etching method with Mn MOF-74 as a sacrificial template. This NiMn-LDH 3/NF electrode exhibited an improved specific capacitance of 1410.2 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1 (Mn MOF-74/NF: 172.2) owing to its high redox activity, compositional flexibility and intercalating capability. Importantly, NiMn-LDH was further optimized via a facile hydroperoxide treatment to harvest NiMn-LDH (O-LDH) with abundant oxygen vacancies, exhibiting remarkable improvement in specific capacitance (990%) compared to original MOF-74 before modification. The preparation of O-LDH enriches the electrode material engineering strategy and achieves improved electrochemical performance for application in new-generation SCs.

Research progress on direct borohydride fuel cells.

The rapid development of industry has accelerated the utilization and consumption of fossil energy, resulting in an increasing shortage of energy resources and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to explore new energy storage devices using renewable and environment-friendly energy as fuel. Direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) are expected to be a feasible and efficient energy storage device by virtue of the read availability of raw materials, non-toxicity of products, and excellent operational stability. Moreover, while utilizing H2O2 as an oxidant, a significant theoretical energy density of 17 kW h kg-1 can be achieved, indicating the broad application prospect of DBFCs in long-range operation and oxygen-free environment. This review summarizes the research progress on DBFCs in term of reaction kinetics, electrode materials, membrane materials, architecture, and electrolytes. In addition, we predict the future research challenges and feasible research directions, considering both performance and cost. We hope this review will help guide future studies on DBFCs.

State-of-the-Art Two-Dimensional Metal Phosphides for High Performance Lithium-ion Batteries: Progress and Prospects.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density, long cycle life and safety have earned recognition as outstanding energy storage devices, and have been used in extensive applications, such as portable electronics and new energy vehicles. However, traditional graphite anodes deliver low specific capacity and inferior rate performance, which is difficult to satisfy ever-increasing demands in LIBs. Very recently, two-dimensional metal phosphides (2D MPs) emerge as the cutting-edge materials in LIBs due to their overwhelming advantages including high theoretical capacity, excellent conductivity and short lithium diffusion pathway. This review summarizes the up-to-date advances of 2D MPs from typical structures, main synthesis methods and LIBs applications. The corresponding lithium storage mechanism, and relationship between 2D structure and lithium storage performance is deeply discussed to provide new enlightening insights in application of 2D materials for LIBs. Several potential challenges and inspiring outlooks are highlighted to provide guidance for future research and applications of 2D MPs.

Constructing tin oxides Interfacial Layer with Gradient Compositions for Efficient Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 28.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) growth of conformal thin SnOx films on perovskite absorbers offers a promising method to improve carrier-selective contacts, enable sputter processing, and prevent humidity ingress toward high-performance tandem perovskite solar cells. However, the interaction between perovskite materials and reactive ALD precursor limits the process parameters of ALD-SnOx film and requires an additional fullerene layer. Here, it demonstrates that reducing the water dose to deposit SnOx can reduce the degradation effect upon the perovskite underlayer while increasing the water dose to promote the oxidization can improve the electrical properties. Accordingly, a SnOx buffer layer with a gradient composition structure is designed, in which the compositionally varying are achieved by gradually increasing the oxygen source during the vapor deposition from the bottom to the top layer. In addition, the gradient SnOx structure with favorable energy funnels significantly enhances carrier extraction, further minimizing its dependence on the fullerene layer. Its broad applicability for different perovskite compositions and various textured morphology is demonstrated. Notably, the design boosts the efficiencies of perovskite/silicon tandem cells (1.0 cm2) on industrially textured Czochralski (CZ) silicon to a certified efficiency of 28.0%.

Experimental verification and identifying biomarkers related to insomnia.

Introduction: Insomnia is the most common form of sleep deprivation (SD) observed in clinics. Although there are differences between insomnia and SD, they have similar symptoms and the same animal model. Currently, there is a lack of microarray data on insomnia. Therefore, for now, we are going to apply the SD data to insomnia. Although many studies have explained the possible mechanisms associated with insomnia, no previous studies have considered the key genes associated with insomnia or the relationship between insomnia and immune cells. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between key genes and immune cells by identifying biomarkers for the diagnosis of insomnia. Next, we verified the efficacy of these biomarkers experimentally. Methods: First, we downloaded four microarrays (GSE11755, GSE12624, GSE28750, and GSE48080) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which included data from 239 normal human blood samples and 365 blood specimens from patients with SD. Then, we analyzed two groups of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and used Support Vector Machine Recursive Feature Elimination (SVM-RFE) analysis and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model to investigate these key genes. Next, we used CIBERSORT to investigate the composition of 22 immune cell components of key genes in SD patients. Finally, the expression levels of key biomarkers in sleep-deprived patients were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: A total of 50 DEGs were identified: six genes were significantly upregulated, and 44 genes were significantly downregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that Salmonella infection, NOD-like receptor (NLR) signaling pathway, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection, and Th17 cell differentiation were significant. Based on machine learning, we identified C2CD2L, SPINT2, APOL3, PKNOX1, and A2M as key genes for SD; these were confirmed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that C2CD2L, SPINT2, APOL3, PKNOX1, and A2M were related in different degrees to regulatory T cells (Tregs), follicular T helper cells, CD8 cells, and other immune cells. The qRT-PCR experiments confirmed that the expression levels of C2CD2L concurred with the results derived from machine learning, but PKNOX1 and APOL3 did not. Discussion: In summary, we identified a key gene (C2CD2L) that may facilitate the development of biomarkers for insomnia.

Cu/NiO nanorods for efficiently promoting the electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia.

The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (ENO3RR) is a green ammonia synthesis method under ambient conditions relative to the traditional Haber-Bosch technology, which does not require high-temperature or high-pressure conditions and can convert nitrate pollutants in the environment into value-added NH3, thus achieving a dual purpose. However, more electrocatalysts with a remarkable performance towards high-efficiency ENO3RR need to be developed. In this work, a Cu/NiO-NF composite electrocatalyst with a nanorod structure on nickel foam was successfully fabricated, which contains heterogeneous interfaces between Cu and NiO toward selective electrocatalytic nitrate reduction for ammonia synthesis. The steric nanorod morphology of the catalyst can significantly increase the surface area, expose more active sites, and improve the reaction activity. Moreover, the construction of the composite and the interface effectively boosts the synergistic effect of the active species Cu and NiO, which can regulate the electronic structure of the catalyst, expose more active sites, enhance the conductivity of the material, and accelerate the interfacial electron transfer, thereby further promoting the ENO3RR performance. This Cu/NiO-NF composite exhibits a high NH3 yield of 0.6 mmol h-1 cm-2 and up to 97.81% faradaic efficiency at the optimal applied potential of -1.0 V (vs. RHE) in a concentration of 0.1 M NO3--containing 0.1 M PBS. Furthermore, it demonstrates excellent electrochemical cycle stability. This work provides insights into the rational design and fabrication of ENO3RR electrocatalysts for potential electrocatalytic applications.