RESUMEN
This review focuses on the negative impact of obesity in reproduction by considering the pathophysiology of obesity and infertility in men and women, the influence of obesity on the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome, and the benefits of weight loss on reproduction and on menstruation, ovulation, semen parameters, and reproductive outcomes.
Asunto(s)
Infertilidad/etiología , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Complicaciones del Embarazo/fisiopatología , Reproducción/fisiología , Pérdida de Peso/fisiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidad/complicaciones , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/epidemiología , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/etiología , Embarazo , Resultado del Embarazo , Índice de EmbarazoRESUMEN
The effects of ovarian endometrioma on fertility outcomes with IVF and embryo transfer have been causally related to poor outcomes. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the ovarian reserve and ovarian responsiveness to ovarian stimulation and assisted reproduction outcomes in patients with ovarian endometrioma. The odds for clinical pregnancy were not affected significantly in patients with ovarian endometrioma compared with controls, with an overall odds ratio of 1.07 from three studies [95% CI: (0.63, 1.81), P = 0.79]. The overall pregnancy rate was similar with an estimated odds ratio of 1.17 [95% CI: (0.85, 1.60), P = 0.34]. Decreased ovarian responsiveness to ovarian stimulation in patients with ovarian endometrioma may be due to a reduced number of follicles in these patients compared with controls (P = 0.002). Prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to assess whether surgical treatment versus no surgical treatment improves pregnancy outcomes in patients with ovarian endometrioma undergoing assisted reproduction cycles.
