Effect of lateral wedge-shaped orthopedic insole on patients with genu varus: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Genu varus (GV) is a common deformity characterized by leg bending, which seriously threatens human health. At present, there is no definite conclusion to explain the cause of genu varus. The purpose of this study is to systematically review and meta-analysis the effectiveness and scientific basis of the clinical efficacy of customized orthopedic insoles on genu varus and hope to provide a reference for future research in this field. METHODS: The following electronic databases will be searched from inception to January 2022: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Weipu, Wanfang Data, and CNKI. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were collected to examine the effect of lateral wedge-shaped orthopedic insole on patients with genu varus. We will consider inclusion, select high-quality articles for data extraction and analysis, and summarize the intervention effect of lateral wedge orthotic insoles on patients with genu varus. Two reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full texts independently according to inclusion criteria; Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed in the included studies. We will use a hierarchy of recommended assessment, development, and assessment methods to assess the overall certainty of the evidence and report findings accordingly. Endnote X8 will be applied in selecting the study, Review Manager 5.3 will be applied in analyzing and synthesizing. RESULTS: The results will provide evidence for judging the effect of lateral wedge-shaped orthopedic insole on patients with genu varus. CONCLUSION: Our study will provide reliable evidence for the effect of lateral wedge-shaped orthopedic insole on patients with genu varus. TRAIL REGISTRATION: INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202190002 https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&q=INPLASY202190002.

Prevalence of HBsAg among reproductive age couples in Chongqing: A population-based, cross-sectional study.

Hepatitis B is a leading cause of death worldwide. Here, we performed a large, population-based, cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China from 2011 to 2016 to assess the prevalence of HBsAg among couples of reproductive age, to predict subsequent trends, and to provide evidence for the WHO goal of "the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030". A total of 386,286 couples aged 20 to 49 years were enrolled in the study. Approximately 14.35% of couples were HBsAg positive, including 95.00% with discordant HBsAg positivity. HBsAg prevalence was higher in men than in women. Among different occupations, the two categories of "houseworker" (female 6.73%, male 9.99%) and "unemployed" (female 6.64%, male 9.94%) showed the highest HBsAg positivity. In different regions, the lowest prevalence appeared in southeastern Chongqing (female 4.87%, male 7.71%). In 2030, the HBsAg positivity rate is expected to be 2.79%, 7.27% and 5.13% in females, males, and the whole population, respectively. According to the trends, this rate would drop to less than 2% in 2034, 2078 and 2051. In conclusion, the HBsAg prevalence in Chongqing is still relatively high compared with that in other parts of western China, especially among reproductive-age men. HBsAg-positive couples should be taken as an important unit of care. Vaccination is necessary before pregnancy if no antibody is found. More attention should be given to people without stable jobs. HBsAg-positive rate will decrease perceptibly by 2030 and will reach the level of low in epidemic areas by 2050.

The relationship between urban and rural health insurance and the self-rated health of migrant workers in Southwest China.

BACKGROUND: Following health insurance reforms, China's health care system has made great progress. However, there are still huge differences between the urban and rural health insurance systems. For rural-to-urban migrant workers, there may be differences in the use of urban and rural health insurance to improve their health status. This study aimed to determine whether any disparities exist in the relationship between urban and rural health insurance and the self-rated health (SRH) of migrant workers in Southwest China from the perspective of urban and rural segmentation. METHODS: Using cross-sectional survey data on Southwest China in 2016, a representative data sample drawn from 8507 migrant workers was analysed. An ordinary least squares (OLS) model and instrumental variable (IV) estimation were used to analyse the relationship between urban and rural health insurance and the SRH of migrant workers. RESULTS: Using the IV method to control the endogeneity problems associated with health insurance, this study found that there are differences in the relationship between urban and rural health insurance and the SRH of migrant workers. Urban health insurance is associated with significant improvements in the SRH of migrant workers. Compared with the NRCMS, participating in urban health insurance, including urban employee basic medical insurance (UEBMI) and urban resident basic medical insurance (URBMI), increases the likelihood of migrant workers having better SRH. CONCLUSIONS: There are disparities in the relationship between urban and rural health insurance and the SRH of migrant workers in China. Compared to rural health insurance, urban health insurance has a more positive correlation with the health of migrant workers. Our study shows that it is necessary to integrate urban and rural health insurance to promote social equity.

Association between obesity status and successful aging among older people in China: evidence from CHARLS.

BACKGROUND: The paper aimed to examine the association between obesity status and successful aging among elderly adults in China and further find gender differences in the effect of components of successful aging on obesity status. METHODS: The data came from the follow-up survey(2015) of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and 4019 dwellers age 60 and over are included. Obesity status were defined by the body mass index (BMI) according to Chinese criteria. Successful aging was defined following Rowe and Kahn's multidimensional model. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between obesity status and successful aging. RESULTS: The rate of successful aging in men and women was 18.87 and 9.48% respectively. For BMI, the proportion of population with underweight, overweight and obesity in men was 10.29, 23.04 and 29.63% respectively and that in women was 1.40, 11.69 and 9.47%. Men with obesity (OR = 1.587 95% CI 1.087 ~ 2.316) has an positive relationship with successful aging than normal weight men; Women with underweight (OR = 0.197 95% CI 0.058 ~ 0.824) has an negative relationship with successful aging than normal weight women; Meanwhile, no matter men and women, the relationship between obesity status and successful aging were not significant among oldest adults(≥75 years). CONCLUSION: Obesity status was significantly association with successful aging in young older adults (60-74 years), and the components of successful aging differently were related with the obesity status of male and female.

Obesity and the onset of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in China: evidence from the CHARLS.

BACKGROUND: The association between obesity and depression has been documented in previous systematic studies but remains controversial. Many prospective studies have focused on children and youth, and several studies have examined this relationship among older populations. This study of the changes in obesity status aimed to examine the association between depression and obesity among middle-aged and elderly adults in China. METHODS: The data originated from the follow-up survey (2011 and 2013-2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and included 3337 residents aged at least 45 years who completed a physical examination and were evaluated with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10), which assessed depressive symptoms. Obesity status was defined by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) according to Chinese criteria. A time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the relationship between obesity status and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: The rate of depression in men and women was 26.67 and 38.37%, respectively. Based on BMI, the proportion of the population that was overweight and obese was 28.07 and 9.26%, respectively, in males and 35.03 and 16.84%, respectively, in females. Males with obesity were less likely to suffer from depressive symptoms than males with a normal weight (ORHR = 0.506, 95% CI = 0.347~ 0.736). Based on WC, the proportion of abdominal obesity was 49.35% in males and 73.65% in females. Males with abdominal obesity were less likely to suffer from depressive symptoms than males without abdominal obesity (ORHR = 0.775, 95% CI = 0.644~ 0.933). CONCLUSION: Obesity is more likely to be associated with the onset of depression in males than in females. However, regardless of underweight or overweight status, the relationship between weight and depressive symptoms is negatively associated among females and males. In conclusion, both BMI and WC can be used as tools for examining the association between obesity and depression.

Identification of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 inhibitors with anti-osteosarcoma activity.

Overexpression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs), especially PDK1 has been observed in a variety of cancers. Thus, targeting PDK1 offers an attractive opportunity for the development of cancer therapies. In this letter, we reported the identification of two novel PDK1 inhibitors as anti-osteosarcoma agents. We found that TM-1 and TM-2 inhibited PDK1 with the IC50 values of 2.97 and 3.41 µM, respectively. Furthermore, TM-1 and TM-2 dose-dependently reduced phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. Finally, TM-1 and TM-2 were found to inhibit the proliferation of MG-63 cells with the EC50 values of 14.5, and 11.0 µM, respectively, meaning TM-1 and TM-2 could be promising leads for the discovery of potent PDK1 inhibitors.

[Sleep Duration and Abdominal Obesity in Elderly in China].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between sleep duration and abdominal obesity in elderly in china. METHODS: Data were drawn from the 2013 China Health and Retirement National Investigation (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS). The prevalence of abdominal obesity in the elderly who had a normal range of sleep duration was compared with those who had a shorter or longer sleep duration using Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression models. RESULTS: Higher odds of abdominal obesity were found in the elderly male with a shorter (OR=1.627, 95%CI: 1.286-2.060, P<0.05) or longer (OR=1.499, 95%CI: 1.009-2.228, P<0.001) sleep duration, compared with those with a normal range of sleep duration. Statistical significances were found in the prevalence of abdominal obesity among those with different characteristics in education, smoking, chronic conditions, and social participation. CONCLUSION: Both long and short sleep durations are associated with increased risk of obesity, which is more evident in older men. Bad living habits and mental state will increase the risk of abdominal obesity.

[Perceptions and Attitudes of Chengdu Residents toward "Medical and Aged Care" Integrated Models].

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the perceptions and attitudes of Chengdu residents toward "medical and aged care" integrated models and associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in 935 residents who were 45 years or older in 8 communities in Chengdu. Descriptive analyses and logistic binary regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: About 91.1% of respondents preferred self-care and family support, and only 8.9% preferred community and institutional care. About 84.9% of respondents reported no knowledge about the "medical and aged care" integrated models, and 15.1% had some basic understanding of the integrated care models. Middle-aged respondents were more likely to understand the integrated care models than their older counterparts, with 21.7% willing to endorse the integrated care models. The logistic regression analyses showed that age, educational attainment, marital status, chronic illness, available financial support, and knowledge and awareness were associated with the choice. CONCLUSIONS: Chengdu residents have low level of knowledge and awareness of the "medical and aged care" integrated models. Public education is needed to promote the new aged care models.

[Urban-Rural Differences in the Role of Family Support in Physical and Mental Health of Elderly People in China].

OBJECTIVES: To investigate social support for elderly in urban and rural settings, and determine its role in physical and psychological health of the elderly populations. METHODS: Data were extracted from the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Physical health was measured by the ADL/IADL scale. Mental health was measured by the CES-D scale. Family support included financial support, daily care and emotional care. Binary logistic models were established to test the associations between family support and physical and mental health. RESULTS: For the rural elderly people, financial support from children was positively associated with physical health (P <0.05); whereas, emotional comfort from children was associated with better mental health (P <0.01). Daily care from children was associated with physical and mental health of the elderly in both urban and rural settings (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: An urban-rural difference exists in the role of family support in physical and mental health of the elderly. Rural elderly people are more dependent on family support than their urban counterparts. Social support needs to be strengthened to reduce the urban-rural gap. Meanwhile, family support will continue to play a role in improving the health of elderly populations.

[Prevalence and Associated Factors of Arthritis in Middle- and Old-aged Populations in China].

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of arthritis in middle- and old-aged populations in China and associated factors. METHODS: Data were drawn from the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of arthritis with social economic status (age, gender, areas, education), comorbidity (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease, liver disease, heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, digestive disease, asthma), lifestyle (smoking, drinking, sleeping) and mental health (depression symptoms). RESULTS: About 30.8% of respondents reported arthritis. Those who resided in rural areas, drank regularly, and had depression symptoms, hypertension, chronic lung disease, liver disease, heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, digestive disease and asthma had higher prevalence of arthritis than others. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of arthritis is high in middle- and old-aged populations in China, which deserves increasing attention.

[Regional Differences and Determinants of Self-rated Health in Elderly].

OBJECTIVE: To determine differences of self-rated health in elderly people across geographic regions of China, and to identify factors influencing self-rated health of elderly. METHODS: Ordered logistic modeling was performed using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data in 2013. RESULTS: Elderly people resided in Eastern China had better self-rated health than their counterparts residing in Middle (partial regression coefficient 0.252, P < 0.01) and Western (partial regression coefficient 0.338, P < 0.001) China. Sex, residency, education, per capita consumption expenditure, smoking and drinking, social participation, chronic diseases, and life satisfaction were identified as associated with self-rated health of elderly. CONCLUSION: There are regional differences in self-rated health of elderly. Policy priorities should be given to Middle and Western China, with more health resources being allocated to those regions. Regional economic and educational inequalities need to be addressed. Healthy lifestyle should be promoted.

[Depressive Symptoms in the Mid- and Old-aged People in China].

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and determinants of depressive symptoms in the mid- and old-aged people in China. METHODS: Data were extracted from the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS),which containthe Center Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale(CES-D). Binary logistic regression models were developed to identify factors associated with the prevalence of depression symptoms. These included socio-economic status of the respondents (gender, age, education),health-related factors (chronic diseases, disability, accident injury, and fall in recent two years),and family events over the past two years (deaths of a parent, spouse or child). RESULTS: About 31.9% of respondents had depressive symptoms, with a mean CES-D score of 8.0±4.9.Women and those who were younger than 75 years, widowed, resided in a rural area, had low levels of education, and suffered from multiple chronic conditions were more likely to have depressive symptoms than the others. CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of depressive symptoms in the mid- and old-aged population in China is evident, which is associated with the health and socio-economic status of the population.