Seed dormancy release of Halenia elliptica in response to stratification temperature, duration and soil moisture content.

BACKGROUND: Although the effect of cold stratification on seed dormancy release has been extensively studied for many species, knowledge of the role of stratifying temperature, soil moisture content and duration of stratification on seed dormancy release at the population level is limited. Here, we aimed to determine the response of seed dormancy release to these factors in six populations of Halenia elliptica. RESULTS: Seed dormancy release was more responsive to low than high temperatures, and no dormancy break occurred at 8 °C. Seed germination percentage increased first and then remained unchanged as stratifying soil moisture content increased from 0 to 24%. Seed dormancy release of populations from low altitude was more sensitive to increased stratifying temperature and decreased soil moisture content than those from high altitudes. CONCLUSIONS: Temperature and soil moisture changes resulting from global warming could affect seed dormancy release and consequently seedling establishment. Thus, incorporating data on seed dormancy release involving temperature, soil moisture content and stratification duration is beneficial for predicting plant species regeneration, migration and coexistence in a scenario of climate change.

Protective Effects of Salvianolate on Myocardial Injury or Myocardial Infarction after Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in NSTE-ACS Patients: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the protective effects of salvianolate on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction after elective PCI in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients. METHODS: A total of 149 patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent elective PCI were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the salvianolate group (74 cases) or the control group (75 cases). After exclusion criteria of coronary angiography, 60 patients with PCI therapy remained in the salvianolate group and 68 in the control group. The incidence and the severity of PCI related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction, in addition to major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during 1 year follow-up after PCI were studied between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent factors for PCI related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction after elective PCI. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, salvianolate treatment reduced the incidence of PCI related severe myocardial injury or myocardial infarction (11.7% vs. 26.5%, P=0.035). The rate of MACEs or all-cause death within 1 month or 1 year after the procedure was not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Periprocedural treatment with salvianolate reduces the incidence of PCI related severe myocardial injury or myocardial infarction, although it does not influence clinical prognosis. [Chinese clinical trial registry: ChiCTR1800016992].

SOX9 drives the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small-cell lung cancer through the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway.

BACKGROUND: The distant metastasis of cancer cells is a risk factor for tumor lethality and poor prognosis in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Increased SOX9 expression has been associated with clinical stage and poor prognosis in NSCLC, but the molecular mechanisms by which SOX9 promotes metastasis in NSCLC are still unknown. METHODS: The relationship between SOX9 expression and T, N, M classification was assessed using the χ2 test and Spearman's analysis in 142 immunohistochemically diagnosed specimens of NSCLC. We also generated SOX9-overexpression and SOX9-knockdown cells lines and their corresponding control cell lines by transfection with lentiviral constructs. In vivo assay, SOX9-overexpressing and SOX9-knockdown NSCLC cells were injected in zebrafish to examine distance metastasis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied to analysis the correlation between SOX9 overexpression and Wnt/ß-catenin pathway. Luciferase assay was used to check transcriptional activity of TCF/LEF and western blot and immunofluorescence was employed to detect ß-catenin translocation in SOX9-overexpression, SOX9-knockdown and their corresponding control cell lines. RESULTS: We found that SOX9 overexpression correlates with the T, N and M stage significantly (p = 0.03, 0.000, and 0.032 respectively) in 142 immunohistochemically diagnosed specimens of NSCLC. SOX9 overexpression was found to decrease the expression of the epithelial cell markers E-cadherin and γ-catenin and increase the expression of the mesenchymal cell markers N-cadherin and vimentin. An in vivo assay showed distant metastasis of the SOX9-overexpressing cells, which was not observed in the SOX9-knockdown cells. These findings indicate that SOX9 promotes distant metastasis by promoting EMT in NSCLC cells. GSEA showed that SOX9 overexpression was significantly correlated with the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway which was corroborated by the expression of EMT-associated proteins in this pathway and its downstream target genes. SOX9 overexpression was also found to enhance the transcriptional activity of TCF/LEF, promote the nuclear translocation of ß-catenin and increase the phosphorylation of GSK3ß at Ser9. Further, inhibition of ß-catenin suppressed the metastasis-promoting effects of SOX9 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to report that SOX9 is associated with clinical TNM stage and indicates that SOX9 promotes migration, invasion and the EMT process through the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway.

Association of TCF7L2 and GCG Gene Variants with Insulin Secretion, Insulin Resistance, and Obesity in New-onset Diabetes.

This cohort study was designed to evaluate the association of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) and proglucagon gene (GCG) variants with disordered glucose metabolism and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a rural adult Chinese population. A total of 7,751 non-T2DM participants ⋝18 years old genotyped at baseline were recruited. The same questionnaire interview and physical and blood biochemical examinations were performed at both baseline and follow-up. During a median 6 years of follow-up, T2DM developed in 227 participants. After adjustment for potential contributory factors, nominally significant associations were seen between TT genotype and the recessive model of TCF7L2 rs7903146 and increased risk of T2DM [hazard ratio (HR)=4.068, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.270-13.026; HR=4.051, 95% CI: 1.268-12.946, respectively]. The TT genotype of rs7903146 was also significantly associated with higher fasting plasma insulin level and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in case of new-onset diabetes. In addition, the TCF7L2 rs290487 TT genotype was associated with abdominal obesity and the GCG rs12104705 CC genotype was associated with both general obesity and abdominal obesity in case of new-onset diabetes.

Polymorphisms in Four Genes (KCNQ1 rs151290, KLF14 rs972283, GCKR rs780094 and MTNR1B rs10830963) and Their Correlation with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Han Chinese in Henan Province, China.

Genetic variants at KCNQ1 rs151290, KLF14 rs972283, GCKR rs780094 and MTNR1B rs10830963 have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the results are contradictory in Chinese populations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of these four SNPs with T2DM in a large population of Han Chinese at Henan province, China. Seven-hundred-thirty-six patients with T2DM (cases) and Seven-hundred-sixty-eight healthy glucose-tolerant controls were genotyped for KCNQ1 rs151290, KLF14 rs972283, GCKR rs780094 and MTNR1B rs10830963. The association of genetic variants in these four genes with T2DM was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Genotypes and allele distributions of KCNQ1 rs151290 were significantly different between the cases and controls (p < 0.05). The AC and CC genotypes and the combined AC + CC genotype of rs151290 in KCNQ1 were associated with increases risk of T2DM before (OR = 1.482, 95% CI = 1.062-2.069; p = 0.021; OR = 1.544, 95% CI = 1.097-2.172, p = 0.013; and OR = 1.509, 95% CI = 1.097-2.077, p = 0.011, respectively) and after (OR = 1.539, 95% CI = 1.015-2.332, p = 0.042; OR = 1.641, 95% CI = 1.070-2.516, p = 0.023; and OR = 1.582, 95% CI = 1.061-2.358, p = 0.024; respectively) adjustment for sex, age, anthropometric measurements, biochemical indexes, smoking and alcohol consumption. Consistent with results of genotype analysis, the C allele of rs151290 in KCNQ1 was also associated with increased risk of T2DM (OR = 1.166, 95% CI = 1.004-1.355, p = 0.045). No associations between genetic variants of KLF14 rs972283, GCKR rs780094 or MTNR1B rs10830963 and T2DM were detected. The AC and CC genotypes and the C allele of rs151290 in KCNQ1 may be risk factors for T2DM in Han Chinese in Henan province.

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor-2 Gene Polymorphisms Associate With Coronary Atherosclerosis in Chinese Population.

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) may play critical roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between TFPI-2 gene polymorphisms and coronary atherosclerosis.Four hundred and seven patients with coronary atherosclerosis and 306 individuals with normal coronary artery were enrolled in the present study. Nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3763473, rs59805398, rs60215632, rs59999573, rs59740167, rs34489123, rs4517, rs4264, and rs4271) were detected with polymerase chain reaction-direct sequencing method. Severity of coronary atherosclerosis was assessed by Gensini score. After the baseline investigation, patients with coronary atherosclerosis were followed up for incidence of cardiovascular events (CVEs).Eight SNPs were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and 8 haplotypes were constructed based on rs59999573, rs59740167, and rs34489123 after linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis. Two SNPs (rs59805398 and rs34489123) and 5 haplotypes correlated with coronary atherosclerosis even after adjustment by Gensini score. At follow-up (median 53 months, range 1-60 months), 85 patients experienced CVE. However, there was no strong association between the gene polymorphisms and the occurrence of CVE.Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 gene polymorphisms were associated with coronary atherosclerosis in the Chinese population, suggesting that the information about TFPI-2 gene polymorphisms was useful for assessing the risk of developing coronary atherosclerosis, but there was not enough evidence showing it could predict occurrence of CVE.

Association between Low-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 5 Polymorphisms and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Han Chinese: a Case-control Study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) variants (rs12363572 and rs4930588) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Han Chinese. METHODS: A total of 1842 T2DM cases (507 newly diagnosed cases and 1335 previously diagnosed cases) and 7777 controls were included in this case-control study. PCR-RFLP was conducted to detect the genotype of the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to describe the strength of the association by logistic regression. RESULTS: In the study subjects, neither rs12363572 nor rs4930588 was significantly associated with T2DM, even after adjusting for relevant covariates. When stratified by body mass index (BMI), the two SNPs were also not associated with T2DM. Among the 3 common haplotypes, only haplotype TT was associated with reduced risk of T2DM (OR 0.820, 95% CI 0.732-0.919). In addition, rs12363572 was associated with BMI (P<0.001) and rs4930588 was associated with triglyceride levels (P=0.043) in 507 newly diagnosed T2DM cases but not in healthy controls. CONCLUSION: No LRP5 variant was found to be associated with T2DM in Han Chinese, but haplotype TT was found to be associated with T2DM.

[Cloning and expression of triosephosphate isomerase gene of Boophilus microplus].

Total RNA was extracted from adult Boophilus microplus. RT-PCR was used to amplify the gene and the fragment was subcloned into the expression vector pET-28a. The cloned gene was expressed in E. coli Rosseta (DE3), induced by IPTG, and identified by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that the triosephosphate isomerase (tim) gene of B. microplus has 750bp and encodes 249 amino acids (GenBank No. JX112888). The cloned tim gene shares 99% homology with that in tick embryos. The relative molecular weight (M(r)) of the expressed recombinant protein is about 27 000.

A meta-analysis of HLA-DR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.

Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) has been hypothesized as a multifactorial disorder initiated by an environment trigger in individuals with predisposing human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. Published data on the association between HLA-DR polymorphism and IDC risk are inconclusive. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. A total of 19 case-control studies including 1,378 cases and 10,383 controls provided data on the association between HLA-DR polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to IDC. Overall, statistically elevated frequencies of HLA-DR4 (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.21-2.07; P=0.0009) and HLA-DR5 (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.05-1.73; P=0.02) alleles were found in patients with IDC compared with controls. Individuals with HLA-DR3 antigen have a protective effect against IDC (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.58-0.90; P=0.004). In summary, this meta-analysis indicated that certain HLA-DR alleles may be genetic markers for susceptibility and resistance to IDC.

[Relationship between post-stenting coronary thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow and plasma von Willebrand factor and ADAMTS-13 levels in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between post-stenting coronary thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow and plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) and its cleaving protease (ADAMTS-13) levels in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS: STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and stenting between September, 2007 and December, 2009 were enrolled. According to the post-stenting TIMI flow, patients were divided to TIMI ≤ 2 group (n = 43) and TIMI 3 group (n = 43). Patients with chest pain or dyspnea and normal coronary angiographic results served as control group (n = 43). The levels of vWF and ADAMTS-13 were measured by ELISA at three time points: immediately after admission, beginning of PCI and 1 week after PCI. RESULTS: Levels of vWF in STEMI patients at all 3 time points were significantly higher than in control patients, and the level of vWF was significantly higher in TIMI ≤ 2 group than in TIMI 3 group [at admission: (6721.83 ± 1380.58) U/L vs. (4786.12 ± 2362.01) U/L, P < 0.05; at the beginning of PCI: (5744.65 ± 1240.71) U/L vs. (3011.33 ± 2270.40) U/L, P < 0.05 and at 1 week after PCI: (2001.48 ± 931.70) U/L vs. (1365.17 ± 724.12) U/L, P < 0.05]. ADAMTS-13 levels were similar among groups at admission and at beginning of PCI, however, the level of ADAMTS-13 at 1 week after PCI was significantly higher in TIMI ≤ 2 group than that in TIMI 3 group [(406.93 ± 101.44) mg/L vs. (270.34 ± 115.12) mg/L, P < 0.001]. Logistic regression analysis showed that both vWF at admission (OR = 1.917, P < 0.01) and vWF at the beginning of PCI (OR = 2.016, P < 0.01) were risk factors of TIMI ≤ 2. CONCLUSION: Increased vWF during peri-PCI periods was associated with post-stenting coronary TIMI ≤ 2 after primary PCI in STEMI patients, and the imbalance between vWF and ADAMTS-13 may thus play an important role in the development of slow flow post PCI.

Recombinant TFPI-2 enhances macrophage apoptosis through upregulation of Fas/FasL.

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) is a Kunitz-type serine proteinase inhibitor with inhibitory activity toward activated factor XI, plasma kallikrein, plasmin, certain matrix metalloproteinases, and the tissue factor-activated factor VII complex. In addition, TFPI-2 has other functions such as promoting cell migration and inducing apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated if TFPI-2 induced apoptosis in cultured U937-derived macrophages and the possible signal pathways that involved in the apoptotic process. Apoptotic DNA fragment detection and caspase-3,9 activity measurements indicated that rTFPI-2 promoted U937-derived macrophage apoptosis. Hoechst 33342 assay and flow cytometry further showed that rTFPI-2 induced apoptosis in cultured macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Because death receptors of the TNF family such as Fas are the best-understood death pathways that recruit Fas-associated death domain (FADD) and procaspase-8 to the receptor in macrophages, we investigated the expression of Fas and its ligand (FasL) and downstream signal caspase-8 by Western blot analysis. The results indicated that the process of apoptosis triggered by rTFPI-2 was, at least in part, actively conducted by U937-derived macrophages possibly through Fas/FasL signal pathway. In brief, rTFPI-2 may have the potential usefulness in inducing macrophages apoptosis, which suggest TFPI-2 might have antiatherogenic effects.

[Cloning and expression of a fragment of Corylus heterophylla 1 and identifying its immunologic competence].

AIM: To clone, express, and identify a fragment of Cor h 1 from Corylus heterophylla. METHODS: Through bioinformatics predication, the antigenic epitope of Cor h 1 was selected. A fragment gene of Cor h 1 was amplified by PCR and cloned into pMD18-T vector for sequencing. Then the fragment gene was sub cloned into pET-32a expression vector for expression, and then purified by metal (Ni(2+);) chelating affinity chromatography. The immunogenicity was tested by Western blot. RESULTS: The length of the fragment gene was 243 bp, coding 81 amino acids; the relative molecular mass of recombinant protein was 9 000. And the fragment of Cor h 1 was mainly expressed as soluble protein, purified protein has good immunogenicity. CONCLUSION: The fragment gene of Cor h 1 was successfully cloned and expressed in this study, and the recombinant protein possessed good IgE-binding capacity.

The effects of simvastatin on angiogenesis: studied by an original model of atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction in rabbit.

Statins have shown pleiotropic effects, many of them independent of their impact on lipids. Angiogenesis can be beneficial in the acute myocardial infarction to improve circulation. However, it also can be harmful due to worsening of atherosclerosis. Here, we established a new minimal invasive rabbit model to study ischemic myocardium and atherosclerosis together to mimic clinical scenario. We demonstrated that simvastatin has the effect of pro-angiogenesis and further improve cardiac function in ischemic myocardium, as well as the effect of anti-angiogenesis to improve atherosclerosis in aorta vessels.

[Evaluation on clinical effect of long-term shexiang baoxin pill administration for treatment of coronary heart disease].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of long-term Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SXBXP) administration on cardiovascular events in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP). METHODS: A prospective randomized non-blind parallel controlled study was conducted in the early stage (the first 6 months) of the trial, then a cohort study was succeeded in the later stage. Two hundred patients with SAP, who visited the hospital between May 2005 and June 2006, were selected and randomly assigned to the trial group and the control group, 100 patients in each group. Both were treated with conventional therapy, including treatment for anti-platelet, blood lipid regulating, anti-ischemia, etc, and to patients in the trial group, SXBXP was administered additionally for 2 pills, three times a day by oral intake. The therapeutic course lasted for at least 6 months. All patients were followed up until January 2008, the clinical events and conditions of treatment were recorded. The composite terminal of various cardiovascular events was regarded as the primary endpoint. RESULTS: The median follow-up time of the study was 2.25 years (ranging from 0.5 to 2.75 years). In the trial group, the occurrence (cases) was 23 for all-clinical event, 20 for primary-clinical event and 9 for angina pectoris event, which were lesser than those in the control group, 33, 29 and 19 cases respectively, showing a significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). The dosage of nitrates used in the trial was decreased more than that before treatment. Besides, all the incidences (cases), in terms of all-cause death (2 vs 5), cardiovascular death (1 vs 2), congestive heart failure (3 vs 4), stroke (2 vs 4), and other clinical (5 vs 6) events, as well as in the need for percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft (2 vs 4), showed somewhat lowering in the trial group as compared with the corresponding items in the control group, but statistical analysis showed an insignificant difference between them (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Long-term SXBXP administration could reduce the occurrence of angina pectoris events and some other clinical events, and cut down the dosage of nitrates used in patients with SAP.

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for high-altitude pulmonary hypertension: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: High-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH) is a public health problem in mountainous areas of the world. Treatment options for this condition are unsatisfactory. Recent interest in use of selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension has suggested a possible role for these agents in the treatment of HAPH. Preliminary data from several small studies have shown beneficial haemodynamic effects of empirical PDE5 treatment of HAPH but the results of these studies have been challenged. OBJECTIVE: We performed a meta-analysis to explore the potential therapeutic effects of PDE5 inhibitors for HAPH. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials were identified to test the effects of PDE5 inhibitors in HAPH by searching PubMed (inception to June 2009). A standardized protocol with predefined criteria was used to extract details on study design, Jadad score, demographic data, interventions and outcomes. The main outcomes assessed were cardiopulmonary parameters. Treatment effects for continuous variables were presented as weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Ten clinical trials were identified and included for the meta-analysis. The weighted mean difference in systolic pulmonary artery pressure post-treatment at rest in PDE5 inhibitor-treated subjects was -7.51 mmHg (95% CI -10.87, -4.16; p < 0.0001) compared with controls, whereas the analysis of systolic blood pressure and heart rate demonstrated that no significant effects were observed in the active treatment group at rest and during exercise. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence suggests PDE5 inhibitors can attenuate altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension without significantly affecting systemic blood pressure or heart rate.

Cardiac matrix remodeling following intracoronary cell transplantation in dilated cardiomyopathic rabbits.

Cellular cardiomyoplasty has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy for chronic heart failure. Previous studies focused on structural changes in cardiomyocytes to explain the potential benefits for contractile function. However, limited information is available about the cardiac matrix remodeling following cell transplantation in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Here, we established a new animal model of intracoronary bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) transplantation to explore extracellular matrix remodeling in adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathic rabbits. In vivo studies demonstrated that BMMNCs transplantation can dramatically delay the progress of collagen metabolism and decrease myocardial collagen volume fraction. The beneficial effects were mediated by attenuating stress-generated over-expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in ventricular remodeling. Improved cardiac function may be contributed in part by stem-associated inhibition of extracellular matrix remodeling.

Oral L-arginine supplementation in acute myocardial infarction therapy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to analyze completed trials assessing the effect of oral L-arginine supplementation on clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND: Prior trials suggest that oral L-arginine administration improves endothelial function in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). However, it is still unclear whether oral supplementation of L-arginine has any effect on clinical outcomes in patients with unstable CAD, such as AMI. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, reviews, and reference lists of relevant articles. The search strategy paired the term "arginine" with the following: "coronary heart disease," "myocardial infarction," "cardiovascular disease," "ischemia," and "trial." We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled L-arginine supplementation trials that evaluated clinical outcomes in AMI patients. Two reviewers independently assessed the trials. Differences were resolved by consensus. RESULTS: Only 2 trials (927 participants) were included. None of the 2 studies showed a significant difference in event rate between the L-arginine and placebo groups. In an overall pooled estimate, there was a 7% reduction in mortality in the L-arginine treatment group (105/459, 22.9%) compared with the control group (111/455, 24.4%), which did not reach statistical significance (risk ratio [RR]: 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-1.17; P = 0.54). CONCLUSION: Oral L-arginine supplementation has no effect on the clinical outcomes of patients with AMI.

[Evaluation on tolerability and safety of long-term administration with shexiang baoxin pill in patients with coronary heart disease of stable angina pectoris].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of long-term (6 months) administration with Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) of stable angina pectoris. METHODS: Adopting randomized non-blinded and parallel controlled trial, 200 patients with CHD were randomly and equally assigned to the SBP group and the control group. Both received basic therapy for CHD, including anti-platelet, lipid regulating and anti-ischemia with additional SBP 2 pills, taken orally three times per day in the SBP group. They were followed up for 6 months. The drug tolerability and adverse drug reactions occurred in the observation period were recorded, and the laboratory indexes involving blood routine, liver function, renal function, blood glucose and blood lipids were detected before and after treatment. RESULTS: The trial was completed in 92% of the patients, 5 patients withdrew in the SBP group and 11 patients in the control group; but none for the intolerable therapy. There were 1 case of adverse reaction related to SBP. No obvious change was found in blood glucose and blood lipids in the two groups before and after treatment. No serious adverse reaction and injury of liver and renal function or others happened. CONCLUSION: Long-term administration of SBP has favorable clinical tolerability and safety for CHD patients.