We compared 19,207 cases of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7/S gene target failure (SGTF), 436 B.1.351 and 352 P.1 to non-variant cases reported by seven European countries. COVID-19 cases with these variants had significantly higher adjusted odds ratios for hospitalisation (B.1.1.7/SGTF: 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0-2.9; B.1.351: 3.6, 95% CI: 2.1-6.2; P.1: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.4-4.8) and B.1.1.7/SGTF and P.1 cases also for intensive care admission (B.1.1.7/SGTF: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.4-3.5; P.1: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.7-2.8).
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Critical Care , Europe/epidemiology , Humans
The European monitoring of excess mortality for public health action (EuroMOMO) network monitors weekly excess all-cause mortality in 27 European countries or subnational areas. During the first wave of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Europe in spring 2020, several countries experienced extraordinarily high levels of excess mortality. Europe is currently seeing another upsurge in COVID-19 cases, and EuroMOMO is again witnessing a substantial excess all-cause mortality attributable to COVID-19.
COVID-19/mortality , Mortality/trends , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cause of Death , Child , Child, Preschool , Computer Systems , Epidemiological Monitoring , Europe/epidemiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Middle Aged , SARS-CoV-2 , Young Adult
A remarkable excess mortality has coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. We present preliminary pooled estimates of all-cause mortality for 24 European countries/federal states participating in the European monitoring of excess mortality for public health action (EuroMOMO) network, for the period March-April 2020. Excess mortality particularly affected ≥ 65 year olds (91% of all excess deaths), but also 45-64 (8%) and 15-44 year olds (1%). No excess mortality was observed in 0-14 year olds.
Cause of Death/trends , Coronavirus Infections/mortality , Coronavirus/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/mortality , Pneumonia, Viral/mortality , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Child , Child, Preschool , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Disease Outbreaks , Europe/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Influenza, Human/diagnosis , Male , Middle Aged , Mortality/trends , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Population Surveillance , Preliminary Data , SARS-CoV-2 , Young Adult
BACKGROUND: Few systematically collected multi-centre surveillance data on nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae have been published. AIM: To evaluate trends, patient characteristics and mortality of such infections, nosocomial BSI data reported by the 4-17 hospitals participating in the prospective laboratory-based surveillance during 1999-2013 were analysed. METHODS: Data were collected by local infection control nurses, patient-days were obtained from the hospital's administrative database, and dates of deaths from the population registry. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was further examined in the national reference laboratory. FINDINGS: A total of 16 028 nosocomial BSIs were identified; 2217 (14%) were caused by E. coli and 661 (4%) by K. pneumoniae; 207 (7%) were non-susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins, with an increasing trend from 0% in 1999 to 17% in 2013. Patient characteristics did not differ significantly between BSIs caused by third-generation susceptible and resistant E. coli and K. pneumonia, but the case fatality tended to be higher. Most (88%) of the isolates reported as non-susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins had ESBL phenotype, CTX-M (79%) being the most common enzyme. CONCLUSION: A sharp increase in nosocomial BSIs caused by ESBL producing bacteria was observed. Identification of patients for screening pose a challenge, emphasising the role of infection control guidelines and antibiotic policy in prevention.
Bacteremia/epidemiology , Cephalosporin Resistance , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Klebsiella Infections/epidemiology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/drug therapy , Bacteremia/mortality , Cephalosporins/pharmacology , Cephalosporins/therapeutic use , Cross Infection/drug therapy , Cross Infection/mortality , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/enzymology , Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy , Escherichia coli Infections/mortality , Female , Finland/epidemiology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Klebsiella Infections/drug therapy , Klebsiella Infections/mortality , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzymology , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis
A nationwide population-based study on community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in Finland during 2004 to 2006 showed that both incidence (1.9/100,000 population) and strain variation increased in comparison to years 1997 to 1999. There were 7 community-associated epidemic and 25 sporadic MRSA strain types. Half of these had Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes.
Community-Acquired Infections/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Toxins/genetics , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , Exotoxins/genetics , Finland/epidemiology , Genetic Variation , Genotype , Humans , Incidence , Leukocidins/genetics , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Virulence Factors/genetics
