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1.
Sex Transm Dis ; 47(5S Suppl 1): S48-S52, 2020 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32149962

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Access to human immnodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in New York City (NYC) has increased, but disparities in testing rates still exist among most communities impacted by HIV. HIV self-tests (HIVSTs) present an opportunity to address testing barriers, but HIV-affected communities experience difficulties accessing HIVSTs, including lack of awareness and cost. To support increased access to HIVSTs, the NYC Health Department launched a partnership with select organizations to pilot distribution of free HIVSTs in 2 phases among priority populations across NYC. METHODS: Organizations that were diverse in their missions, experiences, capacities and populations served were recruited through a formal application process. The program initially launched with 10 organization partners (phase 1); as the pilot continued, partners identified necessary revisions to the program and launched a second phase in year 2. Both phases included outreach to NYC priority populations, HIVST distribution/redemption, and a follow-up survey. RESULTS: From March 2017 to August 2019, organizations distributed 75 HIVSTs during phase 1 and 252 during phase 2. All intended priority populations were reached, notably, those who had never tested before: 35% in phase 1 and 12% in phase 2. Over half of the follow-up survey respondents reported testing sooner. Respondents reported liking the HIVST because it did not require a visit to a clinic (84%) and preferred an HIVST to testing in a clinic (92%). CONCLUSIONS: Through 2 phases of implementation, this innovative partnership was able to reach and offer HIVSTs to priority populations across NYC. This program supports the feasibility of distributing HIVSTs through close partnerships with diverse organizations.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Autocuidado/métodos , Autoevaluación , Adolescente , Adulto , Investigación Participativa Basada en la Comunidad , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ciudad de Nueva York/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto Joven
2.
J Urban Health ; 96(6): 912-922, 2019 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31350725

RESUMEN

Community-based organizations (CBOs) are essential partners in community-engaged research, yet little is known about their research capacity. Community experts and organizations bring unique knowledge of the community to research partnerships, but standard validated measures of CBO research capacity do not yet exist. We report here on the refinement through a structured Delphi panel of a previously developed and piloted framework of CBO research capacity and an accompanying instrument, the Community REsearch Activity Assessment Tool (CREAT). A Delphi panel composed of twenty-three experts recruited from community (52%) and academic researchers (48%) from around the USA participated in five rounds of review to establish consensus regarding framework domains, operational definitions, and tool items. Panelists rated the importance of items on a 5-point Likert scale and assessed for the inclusion and language of items. Initial rounds of review began with reviewing the framework and definitions, with subsequent rounds including review of the full instrument. Concluding rounds brought back items that had not yet reached consensus for additional review. Median response values (MRV) and intra-quartile ranges (IQR) were calculated for each Likert item. Items with an MRV > 3.5 were deemed as having reached consensus and were retained. Language changes were made for items with MRV > 2.0 and < 3.5 and an IQR > 1.5. Items with MRV < 2.0 were excluded from the final tool. Panelist response rate was high (> 75%). Consensus was achieved for the inclusion of all domains, subdomains and operational definitions except "evidence-based practices." Extensive changes to the CREAT instrument were made for clarification, to provide additional detail and to ensure applicability for CBOs. The CREAT framework and tool was refined through input from community and academic researchers. Availability of a validated tool to assess research capacity of CBOs will support targeted research capacity building for community organizations and partners, thus strengthening collaborations.


Asunto(s)
Creación de Capacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Creación de Capacidad/normas , Investigación Participativa Basada en la Comunidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Investigación Participativa Basada en la Comunidad/normas , Guías como Asunto , Técnica Delphi , Humanos , Proyectos de Investigación
3.
J Biotechnol ; 175: 67-8, 2014 Apr 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24553071

RESUMEN

Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344, a Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the Guadalquir River (Córdoba, Spain), is able to utilize different cyano-derivatives. Here, the complete genome sequence of P. pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344 harboring a 4,686,340bp circular chromosome encoding 4513 genes and featuring a GC-content of 62.34% is reported. Necessarily, remaining gaps in the genome had to be closed by assembly of few long reads obtained from PacBio single molecule real-time sequencing. Here, the first complete genome sequence for the species P. pseudoalcaligenes is presented.


Asunto(s)
Cianuros/metabolismo , Genoma Bacteriano , Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes/genética , Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes/aislamiento & purificación , Secuencia de Bases , Cromosomas Bacterianos , Genes Bacterianos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes/clasificación , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN
4.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 44(2): 175-81, 2009 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19101589

RESUMEN

Escherichia coli (E. coli) that expresses galactose-reactive lectins, like K88 adhesin, causes high mortality among piglets. Carbohydrates that compete for adhesion could serve as an alternative for disease prevention. Porcine serum albumin (PSA) was modified by non-enzymatic glycation with lactose to produce PSA-Lac or PSA-Glc beta (1-4) Gal, as confirmed by reduction of available free amino groups, increased molecular mass and by Ricinus communis lectin recognition. E. coli K88 binds to PSA-Lac treatments containing three and four lactoses, respectively. In addition, PSA-Lac partially inhibited K88 strain adherence to mucins. These results suggest that neoglycoconjugates obtained by non-enzymatic glycation of proteins may serve in the prophylaxis of piglets' diarrhea.


Asunto(s)
Adhesinas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Antígenos Bacterianos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Proteínas Fimbrias/metabolismo , Albúmina Sérica/metabolismo , Adhesinas de Escherichia coli/química , Aminas , Animales , Antígenos Bacterianos/química , Adhesión Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , Electroforesis , Escherichia coli/citología , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/química , Proteínas Fimbrias/química , Glicosilación/efectos de los fármacos , Lactosa/metabolismo , Peso Molecular , Lectinas de Plantas/farmacología , Albúmina Sérica/química , Albúmina Sérica/aislamiento & purificación , Albúmina Sérica/farmacología , Espectrometría de Fluorescencia , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización Desorción , Sus scrofa , Triptófano/metabolismo
5.
J Org Chem ; 62(9): 2732-2737, 1997 May 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11671632

RESUMEN

In order to understand the antiaromaticity of maleimides, the enthalpies of formation and sublimation of N-methylmaleimide, N-methylsuccinimide, N-methylphthalimide, and N-benzoyl-N-methylbenzamide were measured. The numerical values of enthalpies of formation for these compounds in the solid state are -329.3 +/- 1.4, -469.8 +/- 1.6, -325.0 +/- 2.1, and -239.6 +/- 3.8 kJ mol(-)(1), respectively, while the corresponding values in the gaseous state are -256.0 +/- 1.5, -389.7 +/- 1.6, -233.9 +/- 2.2, and -119.5 +/- 3.8 kJ mol(-)(1), respectively. The values of enthalpies of sublimation for the same compounds are 73.3 +/- 0.5, 80.1 +/- 0.3, 91.1 +/- 0.5, and 120.1 +/- 0.4 kJ mol(-)(1), respectively. We find that the antiaromaticity of maleimides is only modest.

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