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1.
Clin Nutr ESPEN ; 48: 336-341, 2022 04.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35331510

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Weight loss is present in most cancer patients, being even more frequent in gastrointestinal tract tumors (GIT). Malnourished patients may be at greater toxicity risk during treatment, which may interfere with survival. Tumor-triggered hypercatabolism can lead to impaired nutritional status. In addition, other factors such as the presence of nutritional impact symptoms (NIS) can lead to decrease food consumption, influencing weight loss. The purpose of this study was verify nutritional status and understand which factors are related to survival and weight loss in patients with gastrointestinal tract cancers. METHODS: This study is a retrospective cross-sectional, with data collected from patient's medical records with the gastrointestinal tract cancers, between the years 2012-2019. Data were classified of tumor location, disease staging, weight change, number of nutritional impact symptoms and diet at the treatment beginning. Survival was calculated using the start of treatment and death dates. RESULTS: A total of 388 medical patient's records were analyzed, most of which presented weight loss (82.5%) with an average weight loss of 9.0 kg representing 12.2% of body weight. The main NIS presented by the patients were dry mouth, abdominal pain, constipation and esophagitis. According to predetermined groups, the highest weight loss percentages were for patients with stomach and pancreatic cancer, Stage 4, the presence of 3 or more NIS and enteral diet. The lowest survival and highest death risk were observed at the univariable analysis to patients that have the presence of 3 or more NIS 8.3 months and HR 1.51 (IC95% 1.1-2.1) and to the multivariable analysis, for patients with pancreatic cancer 4.8 months HR 3.13 (IC95% 1.9-5.2), stage IV 9.8 months and HR 4.8 (IC95% 1.7-13.2). CONCLUSION: Tumor location, cancer stage and the presence of nutritional impact symptoms influenced weight loss and survival of oncologic patients.


Gastrointestinal Neoplasms , Malnutrition , Cross-Sectional Studies , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/complications , Humans , Malnutrition/complications , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Nutritional Status , Retrospective Studies
2.
Nutr Hosp ; 36(2): 350-355, 2019 Apr 10.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30839221

INTRODUCTION: Objective: to compare anthropometric equations with one that uses BIA to predict muscle mass in patients with SCA. Methods: 76 patients with ages from 22 to 72 years had their muscle mass estimated by the equation that employs BIA and by five anthropometric equations. The results were analyzed using Pearson's and intraclass correlation coefficient, the paired t test and the Bland-Altman plot. Results: the mean weight and height ± SD were 64.2 ± 14 kg and 1.61 m ± 8 cm, respectively. The equation proposed by Lee et al. (2000), which uses body weight and height measurements, produced the best results in predicting muscle mass, since a significant bias value was not detected, and both a stronger linear correlation (r = 0.94) and higher intraclass correlation (ICC = 0.93). Conclusion: this anthropometric equation can be used to reliably estimate and monitor decreases in muscle mass in people with SCA.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: las ataxias espinocerebelosas (AEC) forman parte de un grupo de enfermedades que afectan al equilibrio y la marcha y al trofismo muscular. La utilización de la impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA) es cada vez más común en la evaluación de la composición corporal. Sin embargo, esta tecnología no siempre está disponible en los servicios de salud y su uso en un elevado número de personas presenta ciertas limitaciones. Objetivo: comparar diferentes ecuaciones antropométricas con una ecuación que utiliza valores de BIA en la predicción de la masa muscular en un grupo de pacientes con AEC. Métodos: se estimaron las cantidades de masa muscular de 76 pacientes portadores de la enfermedad con edades comprendidas entre los 22 y los 72 años con base en la ecuación que utiliza la BIA y otras cinco ecuaciones antropométricas. Para el análisis de los resultados se emplearon los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson, de correlación intraclase, el test de t pareado y el análisis de Bland-Altman. Resultados: la media de peso y altura ± desvío patrón fueron 64,2 ± 14 kg y 1,61 ± 8 m, respectivamente. La ecuación propuesta por Lee y cols. que utiliza parámetros de peso y estatura presentó mejor desempeño en la predicción de masa muscular pues no presentó sesgo significativo, mayor correlación lineal (r = 0,94) y mayor correlación intraclase (ICC = 0,93) en relación a las demás ecuaciones. Conclusiones: esa ecuación antropométrica se puede utilizar para estimar la masa muscular de los portadores de AEC.


Algorithms , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Spinocerebellar Ataxias/pathology , Adult , Aged , Body Composition/physiology , Body Height , Body Weight , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Organ Size , Predictive Value of Tests , Reproducibility of Results , Young Adult
3.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 17(3): 398-402, nov 19, 2018. tab, ilus
Article Pt | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248145

Objetivo: objetivo desse trabalho foi traçar o perfil clínico e nutricional de pacientes acometidos por acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). Metodologia: trata-se de estudo retrospectivo realizado em prontuários de pacientes internados em Hospitais de Guarapuava, Paraná no período de maio a setembro de 2016. Foram aferidos peso e estatura, e posteriormente calculado o índice de massa corporal (IMC). Ainda foi avaliada circunferência do braço (CB), aceitação da dieta e dieta prescrita pelo nutricionista. Para análise dos dados obtidos foi realizada estatística descritiva e também inferência estatística. Resultados: foram avaliados 28 pacientes que tiveram diagnóstico de AVC, com média de idade 66,2±16,3 anos, 75% da amostra constituída por idosos e 50% do sexo feminino. A dieta oferecida com maior frequência nesses pacientes foi a dieta via sonda (35,7%); 42,9% (N=12) foram classificados como eutróficos e 39,3% (n=11) como magreza. Conclusão: assim, foi possível observar que magreza foi significativa nessa amostra, mas em sua maioria prevaleceu a eutrofia, a rejeição da dieta hospitalar foi marcante principalmente em pacientes com magreza percebe-se que pacientes acometidos de AVC são vulneráveis a presença de risco nutricional.


Objective: the objective of this study was to outline the nutritional clinical profile of patients with stroke. Metodology: this is a retrospective study carried out in medical records of patients hospitalized in Hospitals of Guarapuava, Paraná from May to September, 2016. Weight and height were measured, and the body mass index (BMI) was subsequently calculated. Arm circumference (AC), diet acceptance and diet prescribed by the nutritionist were also evaluated. For the analysis of the data obtained, descriptive statistics and statistical inference were also performed. Results: we evaluated 28 patients who suffered a stroke, with a mean age of 66.2 ± 16.3 years, 75% of the sample consisting of elderly and 50% female. The diet most frequently offered in these patients was diet through nutritional therapy through a probe (35.7%). 42.9% (N = 12) were classified as eutrophic and 39.3% (n = 11) as malnourished. Conclusion: thus, it was possible to observe that malnutrition was significant in this sample, but most eutrophy prevailed, the rejection of the hospital diet was marked mainly in patients with malnutrition, it is perceived that patients affected by stroke are vulnerable to the presence of nutritional risk.


Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Nutritional Status , Stroke/complications , Nutrition Disorders/complications , Mid-Upper Arm Circumference , Body Mass Index , Retrospective Studies
4.
Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol ; 19(3): 399-414, May-June 2016. tab, graf
Article En | LILACS | ID: lil-792896

Abstract Introduction: Musculoskeletal aging can impair functional performance increasing the risk of falls. Objective: To analyze the correlation between sarcopenia and the intrinsic and extrinsic factors involved in falls among community-dwelling elderly women. Method: A cross-sectional study evaluated the number of falls of 85 active community-dwelling elderly women in the previous year and then divided them into two groups: non-fallers (n=61) and fallers (n=24). The sarcopenia indicators assessed were gait speed (GS, 10m); handgrip strength (HS); calf circumference; appendicular muscle mass index (DXA). Intrinsic factors: Mental State Examination (MSE); visual acuity; depression (GDS-30); hip , knee (Lequesne) and ankle/foot (FAOS) pain/function; vestibular function (Fukuda test); functional mobility and risk of falls (TUG); power (sitting and standing five times); gait (treadmill); fear of falling (FES-I-Brazil). Extrinsic factors: risk/security features in homes. The independent t test was applied for comparisons between groups and the Pearson and Spearman tests were used for correlations (p<0.05). Results: There was a moderate correlation between HS and GS in non-fallers (r=0.47; p=0.001) and fallers (r= 0.54; p=0.03). There was a moderate negative correlation (r= -0.52; p=0.03) between FES-I-Brazil and gait cadence in fallers. There was a greater presence of stairs (p=0.001) and throw rugs (p=0.03) in the homes of fallers than non-fallers. Conclusion: The elderly women were not sarcopenic. Elderly fallers presented inferior gait cadence and a greater fear of falling. Residential risks were determining factors for falls, and were more relevant than intrinsic factors in the evaluation of falls among active community-dwelling elders.


Resumo Introdução: O envelhecimento musculoesquelético pode prejudicar o desempenho funcional aumentando o risco de quedas. Objetivo: Analisar a correlação entre indicadores de sarcopenia e fatores extrínsecos e intrínsecos às quedas em idosas da comunidade. Método: Estudo transversal, 85 idosas ativas da comunidade foram questionadas sobre número de quedas no último ano e divididas em dois grupos: não caidoras (n=61) e caidoras (n=24). Indicadores de sarcopenia verificados: velocidade da marcha (VM, 10m); força de preensão manual (FPM); circunferência panturrilha; índice de massa muscular apendicular (DXA). Fatores intrínsecos: estado mental (MEEM); acuidade visual; depressão (GDS-30); dor/função quadril, joelho (Lequesne) e tornozelo/pé (FAOS); função vestibular (teste Fukuda); mobilidade funcional e risco de quedas (TUG); potência (teste sentar e levantar cinco vezes); marcha (esteira); medo de cair (FES-I-Brasil). Fatores extrínsecos: riscos/recursos de segurança nas residências. Teste t independente para comparações entre grupos e correlação de Pearson e Spearman (p<0,05). Resultados: Correlação moderada entre FPM e VM para não caidoras (r=0,47; p=0,001) e caidoras (r=0,54; p=0,03). Correlação moderada negativa (r=-0,52; p=0,03) entre medo de cair e cadência da marcha de caidoras. Maior presença de escadas (p=0,001); tapetes soltos (p=0,03) nas residências das caidoras comparados com não caidoras. Conclusão: As idosas não apresentaram sarcopenia. Idosas caidoras apresentaram pior cadência da marcha e maior medo de cair. Riscos residenciais foram determinantes para cair, indicando maior relevância do que fatores intrínsecos na avaliação de quedas em idosas ativas da comunidade.

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