RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Many studies suggest the existence of an alteration of the retinal hemoperfusion in primary open-angle glaucoma. The OCT-A is a novel technique that allows to provide information on retinal microcirculation in a non-invasive way, thus it represents a possible imaging target for the early diagnosis and follow-up of glaucoma. The aim of our work is to evaluate the contribution of vascular parameters provided by OCT-A and their diagnostic abilities in the different stages of primary open-angle glaucoma. METHOD: This is a prospective cross-sectional study involving 200 eyes of control subjects and 250 eyes of glaucomatous subjects divided into early glaucoma, moderate glaucoma and advanced glaucoma subgroups. They were assessed for MD, LV by visual field, RNFL and GCC thickness by SS-OCT papillary and macular vascular densities by SS-OCT A. RESULTS: OCT-A vessel densities determined in the optic nerve head, in the peripapillary and in the macular regions were significantly lower in glaucomatous eyes. Among the vascular parameters studied the whole image vascular density showed the best diagnostic ability in the discrimination between glaucomatous eyes and healthy eyes with an AUC of 0.949. Nevertheless, the diagnostic ability of vascular parameters remains lower than of the structural parameters RNFL (AUC: 0.981). A significant correlation was found between structural, functional and vascular parameters with r < 0.05. The quadratic non-linear model defines better the relationship between structural, vascular and functional damage in glaucoma. CONCLUSION: The OCT-A plays an important role in the early diagnosis and follow-up of PAOG. It also contributes to the understanding of some aspects of the vascular role in glaucoma.
RESUMEN
Our study aimed to describe the therapeutic management of moderate and severe dysthyroid orbitopathies and to evaluate the factors associated with optic neuropathy as well as the prognostic factors of poor visual outcome using a statistical analysis. We conducted a retrospective study of 22 patients presenting with moderate to severe dysthyroid orbitopathy in at least one eye and hospitalized in the Department of Ophthalmology at the University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse over the period from 1998 to 2015. Therapeutic indications were based on activity and severity criteria of the Eugogo (European Group On Graves' Orbitopathy) as well as on the assessment of prognostic factors of poor visual outcome. The average age of our patients was 40 years, with a slight male predominance (54.5%). 68.2% of patients were euthyroid, 18.2% had a history of smoking. The most significantly associated factor with neuropathy was a compression in the orbital apex (p = 0.03). Treatment was based on intravenous corticosteroid therapy and/or orbital decompression based on disease activity and severity. Overall evolution after treatment was marked by an improvement in inflammatory signs and by the reduction of exophthalmia. Visual prognosis was worse in elderly patients (p = 0.0001), male sex (p = 0.03) and treated by iratherapy (p = 0.04). Given the limits of a retrospective study, our results were generally consistent with the literature. The assessment and the management of dysthyroid orbitopathy are not well understood. Cohort, probably multicenter studies should be conducted to improve its management.
