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This JAMA Insights discusses the use of monoclonal antibodies or protein-based vaccines to help prevent severe RSV infection in infants, children, and older adults.
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Antivirales , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio , Vacunas contra Virus Sincitial Respiratorio , Humanos , Lactante , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Palivizumab/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/prevención & control , Recién Nacido , Preescolar , Anciano , Niño , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Embarazo , Adulto , Vacunas contra Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
This JAMA Patient Page describes allergic skin reactions from contact with poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac plants, and how to treat rashes caused by these plants.
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Dermatitis por Toxicodendron , Toxicodendron , Humanos , Toxicodendron/efectos adversos , Dermatitis por Toxicodendron/diagnóstico , Dermatitis por Toxicodendron/prevención & control , Dermatitis por Toxicodendron/terapiaRESUMEN
This JAMA Patient Page discusses social isolation and loneliness as important public health concerns, especially among older adults.
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Aislamiento Social , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Soledad/psicología , Aislamiento Social/psicología , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Salud Pública/métodos , Salud Pública/estadística & datos numéricosAsunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Programas de Optimización del Uso de los Antimicrobianos , Prescripciones de Medicamentos , Registros Electrónicos de Salud , Prescripción Inadecuada , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina , Humanos , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Prescripciones de Medicamentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Registros Electrónicos de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Prescripción Inadecuada/estadística & datos numéricos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Appearance is an indicator of age and life stage, which are linked to socially salient stereotypes and prejudices. Older adults' appearance-related perceptions and behaviors may affect their experiences of aging within broader society, which may in turn influence health. This study examined associations between two measures related to aging appearance-assessment of one's aging appearance relative to same-age peers and investing time or effort to look younger-positive and negative experiences of aging, and health using multivariable regression. Cross-sectional data were from a nationally representative sample of 2006 U.S. adults ages 50-80 (Mage = 63, 52% women, 71% White) who completed Wave 6 of the National Poll on Healthy Aging in 2019. The majority (59%) reported appearing relatively younger than peers, while fewer reported appearing the same age (35%) or older (6%). About a third (35%) reported investing in looking younger. Appearing relatively younger was associated with more positive (p < .001) and less negative experiences of aging (p = .019). Appearing relatively older showed the opposite relationships (p values < .001). Investing in looking younger was associated with more positive and more negative experiences of aging (p values < .001). Few sociodemographic variations were detected. More positive and less negative experiences of aging were associated with better physical and mental health (p values < .001). While aging appearance is often the basis for jokes, it may affect the quality of older adults' experiences of aging and associated health outcomes. Nuanced findings caution against framing youthful biases in aging appearance and investments in looking younger as solely negative (or positive). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Envejecimiento , Humanos , Anciano , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Envejecimiento/psicología , Envejecimiento/fisiología , Estados Unidos , Estudios Transversales , Autoimagen , Estado de SaludRESUMEN
This cross-sectional study examines the preoperative concerns among US adults aged 50 to 80 years who considered elective surgery.
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Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Electivos , Periodo Preoperatorio , Anciano , Humanos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Introduction: Legal access to and attitudes toward cannabis are changing rapidly. Most of the United States and territories allow adults to use medical and/or recreational cannabis. Recent trends demonstrate increasing cannabis use among older U.S. adults. However, little research has examined cannabis use among older adults since 2019, when the COVID-19 pandemic caused major changes in patterns of substance use. Methods: The National Poll on Healthy Aging is a nationally cross-sectional survey that asked U.S. adults ages 50-80 in January 2021 about their cannabis use in the past year. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify demographic and health characteristics associated with cannabis use. Results: Among 2023 participants aged 50-80 (52.7% female), 12.1% reported cannabis use in the past year. Among those who reported cannabis use, 34.2% reported using cannabis products 4 or more days per week. In multivariable logistic regression, cannabis use was less likely among people who identified as Hispanic ethnicity or as "other" races compared with non-Hispanic white respondents. Cannabis use was more likely among unmarried/unpartnered and unemployed respondents. Those who consumed alcohol were more likely to use cannabis. Conclusions: More than one in 10 U.S. adults aged 50-80 used cannabis in the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic, and many used cannabis frequently. As access to and use of cannabis continue to increase nationally, clinicians and policymakers should monitor and address the potential risks among older adults.
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COVID-19 , Cannabis , Humanos , Femenino , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Masculino , Cannabis/efectos adversos , Prevalencia , Estudios Transversales , Pandemias , COVID-19/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the preparations made by adults to age in place and identify disparities. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among U.S. adults ages 50-80 years old (n = 2277). Individual, environmental, social, and community factors influencing readiness for aging in place were examined using chi-square tests and logistic regression. RESULTS: Income, disability status, and household composition, emerged as influential factors, often negatively affecting minority aging. Participants' consideration of aging in place was related to their disability status (OR 1.80 [1.32, 2.45]) and age (OR age 60-69 2.06 [1.54, 2.74], age 70-80 (OR 1.98 [1.46,2.67]), compared with age 50-59). Indigenous and Black older adults reported significantly higher levels of consideration for aging in place than White older adults (Indigenous OR 7.89 [2.35, 26.42], Black OR 1.71 [1.11, 2.64]). CONCLUSION: Aging in place is best facilitated by inclusive communities that prioritize adaptive homes and accessible community services.
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Vida Independiente , Grupos Raciales , Humanos , Anciano , Estados Unidos , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Renta , EnvejecimientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic placed unprecedented stress on older adults. Resiliency could mitigate deleterious effects of pandemic stressors. We described trends in resilience among US adults aged 50-80 years approximately one and half years after the onset of the pandemic, compared with before the pandemic, and evaluated associations between relationships and resilience. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were from the National Poll on Healthy Aging (N=2,100) in August 2021. Respondents rated their resiliency as compared with before the pandemic (more, about the same, or less) and different types of relationships (spouse/partner, friends, neighbors) as sources of joy and/or stress during the pandemic (a lot, some, very little, and not at all). Multinomial logistic regressions (complete-case analysis) estimated the relationships between each joyful and stressful relationships and resiliency. RESULTS: Most participants reported feeling as resilient as before the pandemic (70.6%) with 14.5% feeling less resilient. More women than men felt less resilient than before the pandemic (16.7% vs. 12.8%, p=0.006). Feeling a lot of stress from one's spouse or neighbors was associated with increased likelihood of feeling less resilient than before the pandemic (OR=3.7; 95% CI: 1.8, 7.7 and OR=4.5; 95% CI: 1.5, 13.9, respectively) which was stronger among women (OR=15.1; 95% CI: 4.8, 45.6) than men (OR=1.03; 95% CI: 0.4, 2.7). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Social relationships may have been more important for women than for men in supporting resiliency during the pandemic. Understanding patterns of resiliency can help to inform policymaking and support the well-being of older adults.
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This JAMA Patient Page describes respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and its symptoms, risk factors, and preventive measures.
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This Viewpoint addresses the state of COVID-19 as of fall 2023 in the US and summarizes key clinical information for health care professionals and patients.
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In this Viewpoint, the authors summarize the therapeutic landscape for COVID-19, discuss who is most likely to benefit from treatment, provide an update on managing illness in immunocompromised individuals, and highlight how to improve COVID-19 treatment.
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This JAMA Patient Page describes current medications available for outpatient treatment of COVID-19 (nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, remdesivir, and molnupiravir), their effectiveness, and how to obtain them.
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Atención Ambulatoria , Antivirales , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Humanos , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , COVID-19/terapia , Ritonavir/uso terapéutico , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19/métodosRESUMEN
This JAMA Patient Page describes the problem of polypharmacy and its consequences, and how deprescribing can reduce polypharmacy.
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Deprescripciones , Polifarmacia , Humanos , Prescripción Inadecuada/prevención & control , Polifarmacia/prevención & controlRESUMEN
This Medical News article discusses signs of an mpox resurgence and updated prevention and treatment information.
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Mpox , Salud Pública , Humanos , Mpox/diagnóstico , Mpox/epidemiología , Incidencia , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
This JAMA Patient Page describes the eligibility, safety and effectiveness, and administration procedure for the JYNNEOS vaccine for mpox infection.
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Mpox , Vacuna contra Viruela , Humanos , Mpox/prevención & control , Vacuna contra Viruela/administración & dosificación , Vacuna contra Viruela/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation leads to substantial and sustained improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients. Infection following device implantation remains an important and frequent complication and adversely affects patient-reported HRQOL. METHODS: Patients in The Society of Thoracic Surgeons' Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support receiving a primary LVAD between April 2012 to October 2016 were included. The primary exposure was one-year post-implant infection, characterized by: (1) any infection; (2) total number of infections and (3) type (LVAD-specific, LVAD-related, non-LVAD). The association between infection and the primary composite adverse outcome (defined as EuroQoL Visual Analog Scale< 65, too sick to complete the survey, or death at 1-year) was estimated using inverse probability weighting and Cox regression. RESULTS: The study cohort included 11,618 patients from 161 medical centers with 4,768 (41.0%) patients developing an infection, and 2,282 (19.6%) patients having> 1 infection during the follow up period. The adjusted odds ratio for the primary composite adverse outcome was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.19-1.24, p < 0.001) for each additional infection. Each additional infection was associated with a 3.49% greater probability of the primary composite outcome and was associated with worse performance across multiple dimensions of HRQOL as assessed by the EQ-5D for patients who survived to 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: For patients undergoing LVAD implantation, each additional infection within the first post-implantation year was associated with an incremental negative effect on survival free of impaired HRQOL.