Stable Carbon Isotope Fractionation During 1,2-Dichloropropane-to-Propene Transformation by an Enrichment Culture Containing Dehalogenimonas Strains and a dcpA Gene.

A stable enrichment culture derived from Besòs river estuary sediments stoichiometrically dechlorinated 1,2-dichloropropane (1,2-DCP) to propene. Sequential transfers in defined anaerobic medium with the inhibitor bromoethanesulfonate produced a sediment-free culture dechlorinating 1,2-DCP in the absence of methanogenesis. Application of previously published genus-specific primers targeting 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the presence of a Dehalogenimonas strain, and no amplification was obtained with Dehalococcoides-specific primers. The partial sequence of the 16S rRNA amplicon was 100% identical with Dehalogenimonas alkenigignens strain IP3-3. Also, dcpA, a gene described to encode a corrinoid-containing 1,2-DCP reductive dehalogenase was detected. Resistance of the dehalogenating activity to vancomycin, exclusive conversion of vicinally chlorinated alkanes, and tolerance to short-term oxygen exposure is consistent with the hypothesis that a Dehalogenimonas strain is responsible for 1,2-DCP conversion in the culture. Quantitative PCR showed a positive correlation between the number of Dehalogenimonas 16S rRNA genes copies in the culture and consumption of 1,2-DCP. Compound specific isotope analysis revealed that the Dehalogenimonas-catalyzed carbon isotopic fractionation (εC(bulk)) of the 1,2-DCP-to-propene reaction was -15.0 ± 0.7‰ under both methanogenic and nonmethanogenic conditions. This study demonstrates that carbon isotope fractionation is a valuable approach for monitoring in situ 1,2-DCP reductive dechlorination by Dehalogenimonas strains.

[Performance improvement project for the introduction of safety devices: interdisciplinary approach and participation of professionals]. / Proyecto de mejora para la introducción de interdisciplinariedad y participación de los profesionales.

OBJECTIVE: Develop a performance improvement project to introduce safety needle tube holder for venous blood collection after evaluation of the professionals. METHODS: Reach: Costa Ponent Primary Care Direction and the Hospital Viladecans Hospital from Institute Català de la Salut. METHOD: Create interdisciplinary group. Design in two phases. First, material selection and assessment of safety devices. Second, implementation and evaluation of the proposed performance improvements. The material was selected using standardized criteria on safety devices, suitability to clinical practice and technical compatibility The assessment was qualitative questionnaire by adapting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULT: We evaluated three types of needles, two of them were evaluated by 54 primary care professionals and one for 12 professionals from the hospital. Good acceptance regarding their interaction with technology and patient safety. It was considered effective safety device. The overall rating was satisfactory. Underutilized the material by hospital professionals. There were no differences regarding sex, the hand size, experience, training you received, and type of needle. It prepared a proposal to come in progressively safety needle tube holder in primary care. The evaluation performed in the hospital it was considered insufficient. CONCLUSIONS: Interdisciplinary participation is essential to implement measures to safe care. The safety needle evaluated were effective with respect to security professionals and the patient. The involvement of different levels of the organization have developed a proposal for performance improvement adapted to the needs of our environment.

Proyecto de mejora para la introducción de material de seguridad. Interdisciplinariedad y participación de los profesionales / Performance improvement project for the introduction of safety devices: interdisciplinary approach and participation of professionals

Objetivo. Elaborar un proyecto de mejora para introducir agujas de seguridad rectas con portatubos para extracciones de sangre venosa previa evaluación de los profesionales. Material y método. Ámbito: Dirección Atención Primaria Costa Ponent y Hospital Viladecans del Intitut Català de la Salut. Método: creación grupo interdisciplinar. Diseño en dos fases. Primera: selección y evaluación de material bioseguridad. Segunda: implantación y evaluación de la propuesta de mejora. El material se seleccionó utilizando criterios estandarizados sobre mecanismos de seguridad, idoneidad con la práctica clínica y compatibilidad técnica. La evaluación fue cualitativa mediante adaptación del cuestionario del Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Resultados. Se evaluaron tres tipos de agujas, dos por 54 profesionales de atención primaria y uno por 12 del hospital. Buena aceptación respecto a su interacción con la técnica y la seguridad del paciente. Se consideró efectivo el mecanismo de seguridad. La valoración global fue satisfactoria. Baja utilización del material por los profesionales del hospital. No se observaron diferencias respecto al sexo, medida de las manos, experiencia, formación recibida, tipo de aguja. Se elaboró una propuesta para introducir progresivamente las agujas de seguridad en atención primaria. Se consideró insuficiente la evaluación realizada en el hospital. Conclusiones. La participación interdisciplinar es básica para implantar medidas dirigidas a una atención segura. Las agujas de seguridad evaluadas fueron efectivas respecto a la seguridad de los profesionales y del paciente. La implicación de los diferentes niveles de la organización ha permitido desarrollar una propuesta de mejora adaptada a las necesidades de nuestro entorno (AU)

Objective. Develop a performance improvement project to introduce safety needle tube holder for venous blood collection after evaluation of the professionals. Methods. Reach: Costa Ponent Primary Care Direction and the Hospital Viladecans Hospital from Institute Català de la Salut. Method: Create interdisciplinary group. Design in two phases. First, material selection and assessment of safety devices. Second, implementation and evaluation of the proposed performance improvements. The material was selected using standardized criteria on safety devices, suitability to clinical practice and technical compatibility. The assessment was qualitative questionnaire by adapting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Result. We evaluated three types of needles, two of them were evaluated by 54 primary care professionals and one for 12 professionals from the hospital. Good acceptance regarding their interaction with technology and patient safety. It was considered effective safety device. The overall rating was satisfactory. Underutilized the material by hospital professionals. There were no differences regarding sex, the hand size, experience, training you received, and type of needle. It prepared a proposal to come in progressively safety needle tube holder in primary care. The evaluation performed in the hospital it was considered insufficient. Conclusions. Interdisciplinary participation is essential to implement measures to safe care. The safety needle evaluated were effective with respect to security professionals and the patient. The involvement of different levels of the organization have developed a proposal for performance improvement adapted to the needs of our environment (AU)

Anaerobic co-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste with FOG waste from a sewage treatment plant: recovering a wasted methane potential and enhancing the biogas yield.

Anaerobic digestion is applied widely to treat the source collected organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (SC-OFMSW). Lipid-rich wastes are a valuable substrate for anaerobic digestion due to their high theoretical methane potential. Nevertheless, although fat, oil and grease waste from sewage treatment plants (STP-FOGW) are commonly disposed of in landfill, European legislation is aimed at encouraging more effective forms of treatment. Co-digestion of the above wastes may enhance valorisation of STP-FOGW and lead to a higher biogas yield throughout the anaerobic digestion process. In the present study, STP-FOGW was evaluated as a co-substrate in wet anaerobic digestion of SC-OFMSW under mesophilic conditions (37 degrees C). Batch experiments carried out at different co-digestion ratios showed an improvement in methane production related to STP-FOGW addition. A 1:7 (VS/VS) STP-FOGW:SC-OFMSW feed ratio was selected for use in performing further lab-scale studies in a 5L continuous reactor. Biogas yield increased from 0.38+/-0.02 L g VS(feed)(-1) to 0.55+/-0.05 L g VS(feed)(-1) as a result of adding STP-FOGW to reactor feed. Both VS reduction values and biogas methane content were maintained and inhibition produced by long chain fatty acid (LCFA) accumulation was not observed. Recovery of a currently wasted methane potential from STP-FOGW was achieved in a co-digestion process with SC-OFMSW.