Regenerative Potential of a Suspension and Spheroids of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Human Umbilical Cord on the Model of Myocardial Infarction in Rats.

Regenerative potential of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from the human umbilical cord (MMSC-UC) in the suspension and spheroid form was revealed during the progression of experimental small focal myocardial infarction in rats. In isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction, foci of necrosis and inflammatory infiltrate and at later terms fibrosis foci were found mainly in the left ventricle of rat heart. In rats receiving MMSC-UC, destructive changes in the myocardium, fibrous scars, and inflammatory process were less pronounced. MMSC-UC also contributed to normalization of the morphofunctional parameters of the heart. Spheroids exhibited higher efficiency in comparison with cell suspension.

Effect of Extracellular Vesicles Formed by Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Irradiated Animals.

C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to γ-radiation in a dose of 7.5 Gy. A week later, the experimental group received intravenous injection of extracellular vesicles isolated from the culture medium of human bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. Changes in the physiological parameters of animals were assessed by laser correlation spectroscopy, histological examination, cytometry, and by differential leukocyte count. In 3 and 6 weeks, the parameters of the experimental group occupied an intermediate position between the intact and irradiated groups or did not differ significantly from the parameters of the intact group. The rate and efficiency of recovery varied at different levels of organization. Reduction of damage caused by irradiation in a sublethal dose at different levels of organization of experimental animals was shown.

[Three-year dynamics of the changes in the physical fitness, anthropometric development, food preferences, and metabolic changes in the students trained according to the modified methodology of physical culture]. / Trekhgodichnaia dinamika izmeneniia fizicheskoi podgotovlennosti, antropometricheskogo razvitiia, pishchevykh predpochtenii i metabolicheskikh izmenenii u studentov, zanimaiushchikhsia po modifitsirovannoi metodike fizicheskoi kul'tury.

BACKGROUND: The high level of physical activity is known to contribute to the harmonious development of children and adolescents: moreover; it is a factor promoting prevention of hypodynamia. The low level of physical activity is a risk factor for the development of many non-communicable diseases. However, physical education is not considered by many students as an attractive subject. AIM: The objective of the present study was the enhancement of the motivational aspects of physical activity for the prevention of hypodynamia among students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Physical education of the students was carried out with the use of the standard and modified methods. A total of 206 students (including 133 girls and 73 boys) at the mean age of 17.5±1.5 years were available for the examination. The study was conducted before the intervention (1st year) after the termination of the physical culture lessons envisaged by the academic curriculum (3rd year). The evaluation of the physical conditions and fitness of the students was conducted on the basis of the Russian Physical Culture and Sport Complex (GTO), bioimpedance analysis making use of the 'Medass' ABC-01 device; the functional reserves of the organism were assessed by means of hardware-software programs; the changes in food preferences were estimated on the basis of the FLLANK, questionnaire preliminarily adapted to the specific conditions of this country, and the characteristics of the metabolic processes were evaluated by laser correlation spectroscopy. RESULTS: Dynamics of the successful performance of the GTO normatives in the girls manifested itself in the in reduction of time they spent to run the 100 meter distance; the same was true for the boys who had to overcome the distance of 3000 meters. The students of both sexes became capable of increasing the number of repetitions of crunch and jumping rope exercises. The basal metabolism in the girls was increased within one year after the start of classes, and in the boys two years after the onset of the exercises; simultaneously, the positive changes in the metabolic profile were documented in the students of either sex. No adverse events related to the application of the modified training methods were recorded. CONCLUSION: An important aspect of the present study was the impact of new methods of teaching physical education on the composite body composition. The modified methods were found to shift dietary preferences and metabolic processes in the body of the students after the termination of the educational program.

[Zinc homeostasis and indicators of muscle activity in experimental graduated exercise on the background of zinc asparaginate].

The influence of a regular (for 7 and 14 days) 10-minute dosed exercise in isolation and on the background of intragastric administration of 5 and 15 mg/kg of zinc (II) asparaginate on the distribution of this metal in the organs and tissues of experimental animals and the indicators of muscle activity such as the level of lactate, creatinine and creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2.) serum were studied. It has been shown that exercise stress for 14 days causes a more pronounced change in homeostasis Zn, compared with 7 day, it is reflected in increased levels in the kidney, serum, liver, skeletal muscle and fur animals. It has been shown that graduated exercise for 14 days causes a more pronounced change in Zn homeostasis, compared with 7 day that expressed in increased its levels in the kidney, serum, liver, skeletal muscle and fur animals. Introduction zinc (II) asparaginate accompanied by an increase of its content in the liver, kidneys, hair and serum, but not skeletal and cardiac muscle. The combination of physical activity and the introduction of zinc positive effect on homeostasis of Zn, and the terms of muscle activity. The protective effect of zinc asparaginate with graduated exercise in the experiment was concluded.

[Shifts in subcellular content of blood serum and urine at asthma: animal model, clinic and monitoring data].

We reproduced mouse model of bronchial asthma, evaluated metabolic shifts of serum homeostasis during disease development, and compared these results with the data on metabolic shifts in bronchial asthma patients. In experimental mice pronounced pathological changes in the lungs, considerable lymphocytosis and decrease in neutrophil count were detected. Metabolic shifts were studied using method of laser correlation spectroscopy (LCS) of blood serum and urine. Method of LCS allows determining the dispersion composition of the studied fluid by the relative contribution of particle components into light scattering. The relative content of particles of different size.characterizes the direction of metabolic shifts in the organism. Similar patterns of particle distribution in biological fluids of experimental animals and patients suggest that LCS can be used as an additional method for evaluation of the severity of the disease and efficiency of therapy.

[Features of the pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone during the antiorthostatic hypokinesia in rats].

This study was designed to investigate the effects of simulated microgravity on the plasma kinetics of ceftriaxone in rats. Comparative analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters in control and experimental groups has revealed the influence of antiorthostatic hypokinesia (ANOH) on the pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone. Decreased level of maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and bioavailability of ceftriaxone after single intramuscular (IM) injection were revealed in rats with antiorthostatic hypokinesia. The rate of absorption of the drug was higher respectively.

[The role of changes in the subfractional compound of tear fluid in the assessment of damaging effect from soft contact lenses and the excimer laser ablation of the cornea].

The method of laser correlation spectroscopy (LCS) was used for the examination of the subfractional compound of tear fluid in patients who have been using soft contact lens (SCL) for a long period and before and after the excimer laser correction with transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (Trans PRK). Based on the analysis of biological material of 141 patients aged from 18 to 33 years old, we can conclude that prolonged usage of SCL leads to catabolic processes in surface of the anterior segment of the eye and, as a result, to changes in the qualitative composition of the tear fluid. The amount of low molecular weight fractions and medium weight ingredients increases after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy, which can characterize reparation processes after cornea ablation. Based on the results of our study we can conclude that LCS--is express analysis, with which we can diagnose and observe the initial changes in local metabolism in the anterior segment of the eye, when the objective breaches have not seen yet.

Dynamics of changes in physiological parameters of mice with different radiosensitivity after acute γ-irradiation.

We studied radiosensitivity of 101/Hf, C3H/Sn, and C57Bl mice exposed to sublethal doses of γ-radiation. C57Bl mice responded to radiation much later than 101/Hf and C3H/Sn mice, while their adaptability was high enough. 101/Hf and C3H/Sn mice developed acute radiation sickness in a similar way. However, C3H/Sn mice showed better physiological indicators after radiation crisis. There was no noticeable improvement after the development of radiation sickness in 101/Hf mice. To assess individual radiosensitivity, integrated approach should be applied using the data obtained by different methods on several physiological levels.

Systemic effects of TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) during acute γ-irradiation.

The effects of TRAIL at various physiological levels were studied on 101/Hf and C3H/Sn mice during acute γ-irradiation with 750 R. An intravenous injection of TRAIL attenuated the effects of γ-irradiation on the body weight, subfractions of blood plasma, horizontal and vertical activity in the open-field test, tissue injury in the small intestine and liver, and content of Hassall's corpuscles in the thymus. The degree of these changes differed in mice of study strains.

Contribution of the complement system to realization of biological fluid cytotoxicity in health and disease.

The cytotoxic effects of human blood serum were studied under normal and pathological conditions. The contribution of the complement system to the realization of this effect was demonstrated. Significant differences in the serum capacity to kill foreign cells were detected for healthy subjects and asthmatics. Bovine sperm suspension can serve as the test object for rapid evaluation of functional activity of the complement system.