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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and the use of probiotics on the treatment of halitosis. METHODS: Fifty-two participants, aged from 18 to 25 years, exhaling sulfhydride (H2S) ≥ 112 ppb were selected. They were allocated into 4 groups (n = 13): Group 1: tongue scraper; Group 2: treated once with aPDT; Group 3: probiotic capsule containing Lactobacillus salivarius WB21 (6.7 x 108 CFU) and xylitol (280mg), 3 times a day after meals, for 14 days; Group 4: treated once with aPDT and with the probiotic capsule for 14 days. Halimetry with gas chromatography (clinical evaluation) and microbiological samples were collected from the dorsum of the tongue before and after aPDT, as well as after 7, 14, and 30 days. The clinical data failed to follow a normal distribution; therefore, comparisons were made using the Kruskal-Wallis test (independent measures) and Friedman ANOVA (dependent measures) followed by appropriate posthoc tests, when necessary. For the microbiological data, seeing as the data failed to follow a normal distribution, the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was performed with Dunn's post-test. The significance level was α = 0.05. RESULTS: Clinical results (halimetry) showed an immediate significant reduction in halitosis with aPDT (p = 0.0008) and/or tongue scraper (p = 0.0006). Probiotics showed no difference in relation to the initial levels (p = 0.7530). No significant differences were found in the control appointments. The amount of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola were not altered throughout the analysis (p = 0.1616, p = 0.2829 and p = 0.2882, respectively). CONCLUSION: There was an immediate clinical reduction of halitosis with aPDT and tongue scraping, but there was no reduction in the number of bacteria throughout the study, or differences in the control times, both in the clinical and microbiological results. New clinical trials are necessary to better assess the tested therapies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trials NCT03996044.
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Halitosis , Ligilactobacillus salivarius , Fotoquimioterapia , Probióticos , Humanos , Halitosis/microbiología , Halitosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Halitosis/terapia , Probióticos/uso terapéutico , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Lengua/microbiología , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To compare photodynamic therapy and the use of probiotics in reducing halitosis assessed through gas chromatography and microbiome analysis. METHODS: Participants aged from 18 to 25 years showing sulfide (SH2) ≥ 112 ppb on gas chromatography were selected. They were divided into four treatment groups: Group 1-Tongue Scraping; Group 2-Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT); Group 3-Probiotics; and Group 4-Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) and Probiotics. The halimetry process was performed before, immediately after the treatments, and 7 days, 14 days, and 30 days after the initial collection. The collections for later microbiological analysis were made along with the halimetry for microbiome analysis. RESULTS: Treatment with aPDT or probiotics under these experimental conditions was not able to change the bacteria present in the biofilm of the tongue. CONCLUSIONS: More research is needed to know the behavior of the oral microbiome in the presence of halitosis and the effectiveness of new treatments.
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Photobiomodulation is a safe option for controlling pain, edema, and trismus when applied postoperatively in third molar surgery. However, administration prior to surgery has been under-explored. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of pre-emptive photobiomodulation in reducing postoperative edema in impacted lower third molar extractions. Two groups of healthy individuals undergoing tooth extraction will be randomly assigned: Control group receiving pre-emptive corticosteroid and simulated photobiomodulation, and Photobiomodulation Group receiving intraoral low-intensity laser and extraoral LED cluster application. The primary outcome will be postoperative edema after 48 h. The secondary outcomes will be pain, trismus dysphagia, and analgesic intake (paracetamol). These outcomes will be assessed at baseline as well as two and seven days after surgery. Adverse effects will be recorded. Data will be presented as means ± SD and a p-value < 0.05 will be indicative of statistical significance.
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Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Tercer Molar , Dolor Postoperatorio , Extracción Dental , Diente Impactado , Humanos , Tercer Molar/cirugía , Extracción Dental/efectos adversos , Extracción Dental/métodos , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Diente Impactado/cirugía , Método Doble Ciego , Dolor Postoperatorio/prevención & control , Edema/prevención & control , Edema/etiología , Femenino , Masculino , Periodo Posoperatorio , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , AdultoRESUMEN
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) has shown positive effects when applied locally to modulate the inflammatory process and facilitate muscle repair. However, the available literature on the mechanisms of action of vascular photobiomodulation (VPBM), a non-invasive method of vascular irradiation, specifically in the context of local muscle repair, is limited. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of vascular photobiomodulation (VPBM) using a low-level laser (LLL) on the inflammatory response and the process of skeletal muscle repair whether administered prior to or following cryoinjury-induced acute muscle damage in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Wistar rats (n = 85) were organized into the following experimental groups: (1) Control (n = 5); (2) Non-Injury + VPBM (n = 20); (3) Injured (n = 20); (4) Pre-VPBM + Injury (n = 20); (5) Injury + Post-VPBM (n = 20). VPBM was administered over the vein/artery at the base of the animals' tails (wavelength: 780 nm; power: 40 mW; application area: 0.04 cm2; energy density: 80 J/cm2). Euthanasia of the animals was carried out at 1, 2, 5, and 7 days after inducing the injuries. Tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were collected for both qualitative and quantitative histological analysis using H&E staining and for assessing protein expression of TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1ß, and IL-6 via ELISA. Blood samples were collected and analyzed using an automatic hematological analyzer and a leukocyte differential counter. Data were subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA/Tukey). The results revealed that applying VPBM prior to injury led to an increase in circulating neutrophils (granulocytes) after 1 day and a subsequent increase in monocytes after 2 and 5 days, compared to the Non-Injury + VPBM and Injured groups. Notably, an increase in erythrocytes and hemoglobin concentration was observed in the Non-Injury + VPBM group on days 1 and 2 in comparison to the Injured group. In terms of histological aspects, only the Prior VPBM + Injured group exhibited a reduction in the number of inflammatory cells after 1, 5, and 7 days, along with an increase in blood vessels at 5 days. Both the Prior VPBM + Injured and Injured + VPBM after groups displayed a decrease in myonecrosis at 1, 2, and 7 days, an increase in newly-formed and immature fibers after 5 and 7 days, and neovascularization after 1, 2, and 7 days. Regarding protein expression, there was an increase in MCP-1 after 1 and 5 days, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1ß after 1, 2, and 5 days in the Injured + VPBM after group when compared to the other experimental groups. The Prior VPBM + Injured group exhibited increased MCP-1 production after 2 days, in comparison to the Non-Injury + VPBM and Control groups. Notably, on day 7, the Injured group continued to show elevated MCP-1 protein expression when compared to the VPBM groups. In conclusion, VPBM effectively modulated hematological parameters, circulating leukocytes, the protein expression of the chemokine MCP-1, and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1ß, ultimately influencing the inflammatory process. This modulation resulted in a reduction of myonecrosis, restoration of tissue architecture, increased formation of newly and immature muscle fibers, and enhanced neovascularization, with more pronounced effects when VPBM was applied prior to the muscle injury.
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Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Músculo Esquelético , Ratas Wistar , Animales , Ratas , Músculo Esquelético/efectos de la radiación , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Masculino , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Inflamación/metabolismo , Inflamación/patología , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/sangre , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de la radiación , Quimiocina CCL2/metabolismoRESUMEN
The primary objective of the present study was to assess the impact of amber LED photobiomodulation (PBM) on human monocytes and lymphocytes that were polarized into proinflammatory and regulatory/reparative phenotypes. Human leukocytes were polarized with LPS or LPS + IL-4 for 2 h and irradiated after 2 and 6 h with amber LED (590 nm). Cell absorbance spectrum and gene and protein expression of IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α and IFNγ determined after 24 h. The results showed that irradiation did not significantly alter absorbance of non-polarized monocytes, whereas irradiated polarized monocytes presented reduction in absorbance in 625-850 nm region. Irradiated monocytes polarized with LPS + IL-4 presented reduction in absorbance in 600-725 nm region compared to non-irradiated group. Irradiated non-polarized lymphocytes presented absorbance peaks between 650 and 820 nm not seen in non-irradiated group. No difference was found in absorbance pattern of polarized lymphocytes after irradiation. Irradiation led to reduction in protein synthesis of IL-6 and TNFα in monocytes polarized to proinflammatory phenotype and increase in production of IL-17 in lymphocytes. Irradiation reduced production of IL-10 in monocytes and lymphocytes polarized to immunoregulatory phenotype. In conclusion, amber LED modulates light absorbance and expression of important cytokines in inflammatory/repair processes in monocytes and lymphocytes.
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Interleucina-10 , Monocitos , Humanos , Monocitos/metabolismo , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Interleucina-4/metabolismo , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Células Cultivadas , Citocinas/metabolismo , Linfocitos/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative developmental defect of enamel that occurs during the mineralization phase. Patients with MIH have increased risk of caries, hypersensitivity, and restoration failures. The present case report describes the treatment of a 10-year-old patient exhibiting two teeth with atypical carious lesions. A minimal interventive protocol was instituted combining antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and the selective chemical-mechanical removal of the carious tissue using the product Papacárie Duo®. This protocol is promising for the decontamination and control of hypersensitivity in teeth with MIH.
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Antiinfecciosos , Hipomineralización Molar , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Niño , IncisivoRESUMEN
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical evolution of patients with diabetic foot ulcer treated with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using the Bates-Jensen (BJ) scale. A total of 21 patients were monitored, with an average age of 58 years. Patients underwent the standard treatment protocol of the institution, supplemented with aPDT utilizing 0.01% methylene blue (MB) and laser irradiation (660 nm, 100 mW, 6 J per point). Following aPDT, the lesions were protected with hydrofiber dressings containing silver. The Bates-Jensen Scale was employed at pre-treatment and post-aPDT sessions to assess lesion progression. The results demonstrated a significant difference between pre- and post-treatment values in the overall BJ score. The use of MB in aPDT proved to be an effective, safe, well-tolerated treatment with high patient adherence and the potential for implementation in the care of diabetic foot conditions.
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Antiinfecciosos , Diabetes Mellitus , Pie Diabético , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Pie Diabético/tratamiento farmacológico , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Azul de Metileno/farmacología , Azul de Metileno/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The objective of this split-mouth case report is to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM, 880 nm) on pain control during pterygomandibular puncture. A patient received anesthesia on both sides of the mouth in a randomized manner. On the right side, an 880-nm infrared laser was applied immediately before local anesthesia. On the left side, a sham laser was applied using the same technique. There was a 50% reduction in pain levels on the PBM-treated side compared to the PBM-sham side, as measured by the visual analog scale. Sensitivity tests revealed that anesthesia was more effective on the PBM side. There was no difference in blood pressure. This case report suggests that PBM (880 nm) before anesthesia may alleviate puncture pain associated with pterygomandibular anesthesia. Although these findings are based on a single case report, they can serve as the initial stepping stone for further randomized clinical trials.
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Anestesia , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Humanos , Boca , Punciones , Dolor/radioterapiaRESUMEN
Managing tibial fractures requires substantial health resources, which costs the health system. This study aimed to describe the costs of photobiomodulation (PBM) with LEDs in the healing process of soft tissue lesions associated with tibial fracture compared to a placebo. Economic analysis was performed based on a randomized controlled clinical trial, with a simulation of the cost-effectiveness and incremental cost model. Adults (n = 27) hospitalized with tibia fracture awaiting definitive surgery were randomized into two distinct groups: the PBM Group (n = 13) and the Control Group with simulated phototherapy (n = 14). To simulate the cost-effectiveness and incremental cost model, the outcome was the evolution of wound resolution by the BATES-JENSEN scale and time of wound resolution in days. The total cost of treatment for the Control group was R$21,164.56, and a difference of R$7,527.10 more was observed when compared to the treatment of the PBM group. The proposed intervention did not present incremental cost since the difference in the costs to reduce measures between the groups was smaller for the PBM group. When analyzing the ICER (Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio), it would be possible to save R$3,500.98 with PBM and decrease by 2.15 points in the daily average on the BATES-JENSEN scale. It is concluded, therefore, that PBM can be a supportive therapy of clinical and economic interest in a hospital setting.
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Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Fracturas de la Tibia , Adulto , Humanos , Tibia , Brasil , Salud Pública , Fracturas de la Tibia/terapia , Costos y Análisis de Costo , Análisis Costo-BeneficioRESUMEN
Systemic photobiomodulation (PBM) of the blood or over blood vessels has been associated with bio-stimulating, vasodilating, and anti-inflammatory properties. This treatment modality has been used for modulating inflammatory processes, tissue repair, atherosclerosis, and systemic arterial hypertension, and is described more often in clinical studies than experimental models. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to conduct a literature review regarding the effect of systemic PBM involving the intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) or non-invasive vascular photobiomodulation (VPBM) using low-level laser (LLL) in experimental (animal) models. The PubMed/MEDLINE®, Scopus, SPIE Digital Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles on the use of VPBM with LLL in animal models. Nine original articles met the inclusion criteria and were critically evaluated. The variables of interest were the dosimetric laser parameters, different methods for delivering energy, and the main results. The use laser in the red spectrum was more prevalent and VPBM (non-invasive) predominated over ILIB (invasive). No standardization was found in the dosimetric parameters. However, the studies showed the positive effects of VPBM on arterial pressure and blood circulation, the positive effects of ILIB on blood composition and hematological markers, as well as positive effects of both forms of systemic PBM (ILIB and VPBM) on the tissue repair process. In conclusion, the studies evaluated in the present review showed that the use of systemic PBM with ILIB or non-invasive VPBM induced positive effects, modulating metabolic conditions and tissue repair. However, there is a need for standardization in the dosimetric parameters for the different conditions and processes evaluated using experimental models.
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Hipertensión , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Animales , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Modelos AnimalesRESUMEN
This study investigated the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) in acceleration of orthodontic movement of inferior molar uprighting movement. Thirty-four individuals, with indication of molar uprighting movement for oral rehabilitation, were randomly divided in two groups: verticalization + PBM (808 nm, 100 mW, 1 J per point, 10 points and 25 J/cm2 ) or verticalization + PBM simulation. Elastomeric chain ligatures were changed every 30 days for 3 months. FBM was performed immediately, 24 h, 72 h, 1 and 2 months after activation. The primary outcome was the amount of uprighting movement. Secondary outcomes were pain, amount of medication, OHIP-14 questionnaire, and cytokine IL-1ß. PBM group increase uprighting movement when compared to control after 3 months and modulate IL-1ß expression. For pain control, the amount of medication and OHIP-14 no difference were found. This study suggests that PBM accelerates tooth movement during molar uprighting, due to modulation of IL-1ß during bone remodeling.
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Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Técnicas de Movimiento Dental , Humanos , Remodelación Ósea , Diente Molar , Dolor , Manejo del DolorRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the electrical activity of the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and lateral gastrocnemius muscles during the sit-to-stand task and functional mobility after a neurofunctional physiotherapy protocol associated with PBM. METHODS: Twenty-five children were randomly allocated to either Active PBM + physiotherapy (n = 13) or PBM sham + physiotherapy (n = 12). PBM was carried out with a LED device (850 nm, 25 J, 50 s per point and 200 mW) at four points over the area with absence of a spiny process. Both groups completed a twelve-week supervised program with two weekly 45-60 min sessions. Pre-training and post-training assessments involved the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). Muscle activity was assessed using portable electromyography (BTS Engineering) and the electrodes were positioned on the lateral gastrocnemius, anterior tibialis, and rectus femoris muscles. The RMS data were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: After 24 sessions of the treatment protocol, improvements were found in the PEDI score. The participants presented greater independence in performing the tasks, requiring less assistance from their caregivers. More significant electrical activity was found in the three muscles evaluated between the rest period and execution of the sit-to-stand tasks, both in the more compromised or less compromised lower limbs. CONCLUSION: Neurofunctional physiotherapy with or without PBM improved functional mobility and electrical muscle activity in children with myelomeningocele.
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BACKGROUND: Alternatively to conventional treatments, chemo-mechanical caries removal agents can be used. A modality of treatment that has been increasing in dentistry is antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Bixa orellana is being researched for application in aPDT. This protocol aims to determine the effectiveness of aPDT with Bixa orellana extract in deep caries lesions. METHODS: A total of 160 teeth with deep occlusal dental caries will be selected and divided into 4 groups: G1 - control group (Caries removal with a low-speed drill); G2 - Partial Caries Removal with Papacarie™ (Fórmula e Ação, São Paulo, SP, Brazil); G3 - Partial Caries Removal with Papacarie™ and application Bixa orellana extract (20%) (Fórmula e Ação, São Paulo, SP, Brazil); G4 - Partial Caries Removal with Papacarie™ and application Bixa orellana extract (20%) with LED (Valo Cordless Ultradent®, South Jordan, UT, USA) (aPDT). After treatment, all the teeth will be restored with glass ionomer cement and followed up clinically and radiographically, with evaluations at immediately, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Dentin samples before and after treatment will be analyzed microbiologically. The efficacy of treatments will be assessed with microbiological (colony-forming units, before and after carious tissue removal), radiographic (integrity of the periapical area and eventual changes in the radiolucent zones), and clinical examinations (retention of the restorative material in the cavity and occurrence of secondary caries), as well as with the time required for the procedures and the need for anesthesia during the procedures. In case data distribution is normal, analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be used for both the dependent and independent variables. In case the data distribution is not normal, the Friedman test will be used for the dependent variables. For independent variables, the Kruskal-Wallis test will be used. DISCUSSION: Procedures using aPDT have been developed for the treatment of dental caries, but there are few controlled clinical trials in the literature confirming its efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This protocol is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT05236205 and it was first posted on 01/21/2022 and last updated on 05/10/2022.
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Antiinfecciosos , Caries Dental , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Susceptibilidad a Caries Dentarias , Brasil , Bixaceae , Extractos Vegetales , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
AIMS: to map and synthesize the results from studies that assessed whether individuals diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) have abnormal masseter and temporal muscles activation during the masticatory cycle. METHODS: Six databases were searched for comparative observational studies assessing masticatory muscles activation in individuals with CP through electromyography analysis. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist. Outcome data were combined in meta-analysis using the Review Manager software. RESULTS: We included five cross-sectional studies with an overall low risk of bias. Meta-analyses showed no difference between CP and healthy individuals regarding maximum voluntary isometric contraction: right masseter (Standard mean difference [SMD] - 0.95; 95% CI -2.03 to 0.13); left masseter (SMD -0.92; 95% CI -1.93 to 0.09); right temporal (SMD -0.72; 95% CI -1.63 to 0.18); and left temporal (SMD -0.68; 95% CI -1.76 to 0.40). Electrical activity amplitude in the inactive period was superior in the CP group, and maximum bite pressure presented higher values in the control group (Mean difference [MD] - 17.38; CI 95% -26.62 to -10.15). CONCLUSIONS: Based on observational studies with a lower level of evidence, individuals with CP seem to present difficulties activating masticatory muscles. Future prospective cohort studies with rigorous methodology are still necessary to support these findings. PROSPERO register CRD42020208444.
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Parálisis Cerebral , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Estudios Prospectivos , Electromiografía , Músculos Masticadores/fisiologíaRESUMEN
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of multiwavelength photobiomodulation (MPBM) in healing soft tissue injuries associated with tibial and/or ankle fractures. Participants were randomized into the MPBM or control group. Primary outcome was wound healing, measured by the Bates-Jensen scale. Assessments were performed daily. Twenty-seven hospitalized adults were included. MPBM showed an improvement in the daily mean Bates-Jensen scale (MPBM 32.1 vs. control 34.2; p = 0.029), daily mean pain score change (MPBM 0.5 vs. control 0.2; p = 0.04) and occurrence of infection at the site of the external fixator pins (MPBM 15.3% vs. control 57.1%; p = 0.02). MPBM group also showed faster-wound resolution (MPBM 13.1 vs. control 23.1 days). Subgroup analysis showed improvement in the MPBM group among less severe patients on the Bates-Jensen scale (MPBM 27.4 vs. control 34.7; p = 0.0081) and mean time for wound resolution (MPBM 7.0 vs. control 14.6 days; p = 0.03). MPBM appears safe and effective in reducing wound resolution time, infection in the surgical pin sites, reported pain and time before definitive surgery.
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Fracturas Óseas , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos , Adulto , Humanos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Fracturas Óseas/complicaciones , Fracturas Óseas/terapia , Fijadores Externos , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/radioterapia , Cicatrización de HeridasRESUMEN
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Infections are an important cause of mortality among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent etiological agent, and previous nasal colonization is a risk factor for infection. Repeated antimicrobial decolonization reduces infection in this population but can induce antibiotic resistance. We compared photodynamic therapy, a promising bactericidal treatment that does not induce resistance, to mupirocin treatment among nasal carriers of S aureus. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled pilot study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: 34 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis who had nasal carriage of S aureus. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to decolonization with a single application of photodynamic therapy (wavelength of 660nm, 400mW/cm2, 300 seconds, methylene blue 0.01%) or with a topical mupirocin regimen (twice a day for 5 days). OUTCOME: Nasal swabs were collected at time 0 (when the carrier state was identified), directly after treatment completion, 1 month after treatment, and 3 months after treatment. Bacterial isolates were subjected to proteomic analysis to identify the species present, and antimicrobial susceptibility was characterized. RESULTS: All 17 participants randomized to photodynamic therapy and 13 of 17 (77%) randomized to mupirocin were adherent to treatment. Directly after treatment was completed, 12 participants receiving photodynamic therapy (71%) and 13 participants treated with mupirocin (77%) had cultures that were negative for S aureus (risk ratio, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.61-1.38]; P=0.9). Of the patients who had negative cultures directly after completion of photodynamic therapy, 67% were recolonized within 3 months. There were no adverse events in the photodynamic therapy group. LIMITATIONS: Testing was restricted to assessing nasal colonization; infectious complications were not assessed. CONCLUSIONS: Photodynamic therapy is a feasible approach to treating nasal carriage of S aureus. Future larger studies should be conducted to determine whether photodynamic therapy is equivalent to the standard of care with mupirocin. FUNDING: Government grant (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development process 3146682020-9). TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with study number NCT04047914.
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Fotoquimioterapia , Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Humanos , Mupirocina/uso terapéutico , Proyectos Piloto , Proteómica , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is associated with considerable functional impairment. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has demonstrated positive effects regarding neuromuscular repair after PNI when applied locally to the nerve or injured muscle. However, the effects of systemic PBM with transcutaneous application over an important artery, which is also denominated vascular PBM (VPBM), remain unclear. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of VPBM with low-level laser (LLL) and light-emitting diode (LED) on gait, sensitivity and muscle morphology following a PNI. PNI was induced on Wistar rats using the sciatic nerve crushing technique. VPBM was performed over the rat's artery tail region with LED (850 nm, 40 mW, 3.2 J) and LLL (780 nm, 40 mW, 3.2 J). Gait functionality, mechanical (nociceptive) sensitivity, and morphology of the tibialis anterior muscle were evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 days after injury. An improvement in functional gait was shown in the VPBM-LLL group in all periods. Motor sensitivity was found after 14 days in the VPBM-LLL group. The left/right (L/R) muscle mass ratio revealed a reduction in muscle atrophy in the VPBM-LLL group at 7 days. Muscle fiber diameter increased in the VPBM-LED group at 14 days and increases in the cross-section area were found in the VPBM-LED and VPBM-LLL groups at 7 days. VPBM with both light sources (LED and LLL) positively modulated functioning and neuromuscular recovery following sciatic nerve injury in rats, with more pronounced results when using LLL.
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Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad , Traumatismos de los Nervios Periféricos , Ratas , Animales , Ratas Wistar , Traumatismos de los Nervios Periféricos/radioterapia , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Nervio Ciático , Rayos LáserRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with blue light-emitting diode (LED) 460 nm at 25, 50 and 100 J/cm2 using three concentrations of acai extracts (100, 40, and 10 mg/ml), in the proliferation and viability of head and neck tumor lines (SCC9). METHODS: Three groups of cells were analyzed for 3 days in an in vitro assay with MTT (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5, -diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and crystal violet: cells in the absence of acai extract and PDT (control group); cells in the presence of acai extract and no light; and cells in the presence of acai extract and LED blue light (PDT groups). RESULTS: When using acai as a PS combined with blue LED (460 nm, 0.7466 cm2 , 1000 mW/cm2 ) and irradiation at 25, 50, and 100 J/cm2 , after 72 h, cell viability (p < 0.0001 vs. control, p = 0.0027 vs. 100 mg/ml açai group, p = 0.0039 vs. 40 mg/ml açai group, p = 0.0135 vs. 10 mg/ml açai group; One-Way ANOVA/Tukey) and proliferation (p < 0.05, One-Way ANOVA/Tukey) decreased. CONCLUSION: The acai in question is a potential photosensitizer (PS), with blue light absorbance and efficacy against head and neck tumor lines (SCC9).
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Euterpe , Fotoquimioterapia , Euterpe/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Supervivencia CelularRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study will be to evaluate the effect of intravascular irradiation of blood (ILIB) combined with myofunctional exercises for sleep bruxism in pediatrics. METHODS: This study will be a randomized controlled clinical trial. A triage of individuals between 4 and 17 years old with a diagnosis of sleep bruxism will be carried out at the clinic of the Catholic University of Uruguay, and in a private office referred by different private care centers. The selected participants will be evaluated before and after treatment by means of questionnaires on bruxism, sleep quality and nocturnal oxygen saturation measurement. For this, 46 patients with sleep bruxism will be recruited, who will be divided into 2 groups: control group (CG), which will undergo an application of placebo ILIB and an orofacial myofunctional therapy (MFT) exercise protocol; and na ILIB group, which will carry out an active application of ILIB and an exercise protocol, this being once a week for 8 weeks. The laser treatment (808 nm) will be performed twice a week for 8 weeks. The values will be tested for normality by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For the comparison between the groups, t test will be carried out, considering a level of significance of 0.5% (P < .05). DISCUSSION: Although local photobiomodulation (PBM), acupuncture PBM and physiotherapy have been studied in the treatment of bruxism, this is the first study to evaluate the effect of ILIB combined with myofunctional exercises for sleep bruxism in pediatrics.
Asunto(s)
Bruxismo del Sueño , Humanos , Niño , Preescolar , Adolescente , Bruxismo del Sueño/terapia , Terapia Miofuncional , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Ejercicio Físico , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study aims to verify if the use of intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) influences the reduction of pain and increases the range of motion in opening and closing of the mouth in children and adolescents with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODS: This will be a blind, randomized, and controlled clinical trial, which will be carried out on children between 6 and 12 years of age who enter the Catholic University of Uruguay, Faculty of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School, for treatment. To be included, children must present temporomandibular disorders, based on the diagnostic criteria will be the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Forty-five participants will be randomized to three groups: Group 1-ILIB with 2 sessions of 20 minutes for 12 weeks (n = 15); Group 2-Placebo laser application with 2 sessions of 20 minutes for 12 weeks (n = 15); Group 3-Control with no treatment (n = 15). Irradiation will be performed by continuous and direct transcutaneous application to the radial artery, by means of a bracelet that inserts the laser beam. The laser to be used is infrared, power 100 mW ± 20%, wavelength 808 nm ± 10 nm, continuous application. RDC/TMD and pain evaluated through a visual analog scale will be the outcome measures. DISCUSSION: Due to the low level of evidence, new studies are needed on the effect of ILIB in children with TMD.