[Serological markers of viral infections and various indicators of immunity in patients with hemophilia]. / Serologicheskie markery virusnykh infektsii i nekotorye pokazateli immuniteta u bol'nykh gemofiliei.

The authors have studied the incidence rate for markers of viruses of AIDS (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV) and cytomegalia (CMV), as well as certain parameters of antiinfectious defense in hemophilia patients. A high incidence rate of HBV and CMV markers was established in the investigated patients, and among them no seropositive subjects, by antibodies to HIV, were detected. In the presence of a low incidence rate of chronic HBsAg-carriership in this category of patients, a significant number of immune subjects was observed, that correlated with a relative stability of such immunity parameters as concentration of serum immunoglobulin G and the level of circulating immune complexes.

[Study of the complement system and the inhibitors of plasma proteolytic enzymes in the erythrocytes during blood preservation]. / Izuchenie sostoianiia sistemy komplementa i ingibitorov proteo- liticheskikh fermentov plazmy krovi v éritrotsitnoi masse pri khranenii.

Changes in the activity of the complement system components C1--C5, and proteinase inhibitors: alpha 1-inhibitor, alpha 2-macroglobulin and antithrombin III were studied in red blood cell pack during storage at 4 degrees C, in comparison with erythroconcentrate. A decrease, detected in the level of C1, C3 and alpha 2-macroglobulin, was more pronounced in the erythroconcentrate than in the red blood cell pack. The data obtained have evidenced that the adequate amount of plasma plays an important role in the red blood cell preservation and prevention of accumulation of undesirable physiologically active substances in the transfusion solutions.

[Inhibition of morphine hyperthermia, induced by nicotinamide]. / Potiskane na morfinovata khipertermiia ot nikotinamid.

The effect of nicotinamide, administered immediately before the morphine or on the background of already developed morphine hyperthermic reaction, was studied on morphine hyperthermia. It was established that nicotinamide, administered before morphine, inhibited development of morphine hyperthermia, statistically significantly up to 120 min after administration of morphine. Nicotinamide, administered, on the 60th min after morphine injection, did not inhibit significantly the developed already hyperthermic reaction. In connection with the discussion of the established effects a series of experiments were carried out on N-demethylation of morphine and nicotinamide influence on in vitro. These experiments proved that nicotinamide inhibited noncompetitive demethylation of morphine.

Pharmacokinetics of vephylline--a new N-substituted theophylline derivative.

Vephylline (7,2-bis-2-hydroxyethylamino-1, 3-dimethylxanthine tartarate) is a xanthine derivative with high bronchodilating activity, low toxicity, and weak effects on the central nervous system. The aim of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of vephylline after intravenous and oral (in solution and in tablets) administration to rabbits. Vephylline (dose 50 mg/kg b.w. intravenousely and orally in solution and dose 53.5 mg/kg b.w. in the form of tablets) is administered to the rabbits in an autocontrol crossover design at 7-days intervals. After the intravenous administration the distribution is relatively fast (t1/2 alpha = 3.28h). High values of the apparent volume of distribution--12.15 1/kg suggest tissue accumulation. Elimination is considerably slower (t1/2 beta = 19,00 h) than distribution. After oral administration of the drug in solution the absorption half-life is short and the bioavailability is relatively high. Peak plasma levels are attained at the first hour. The differences in the distribution and elimination patterns for vephylline and theophyline could determine a longer effect for the new bronchodilating drug. The results are discussed in regard to the future clinical application of vephylline.

[Effect of thiol compounds on aniline toxicity and aniline metabolism]. / Vliianie na niakoi tiolovi suedineniia vurkhu anilinovata toksichnost i anilinoviia metabolizum.

The authors examined systematically the influence of some thiol compounds on the drug metabolism, investigating the effect of potassium ethylxanthogenate, diethyldithiocarbamata, inithiol and penicilamine on the aniline toxicity, methemoglobin formation and aniline-hydroxylase activity. They found that the examined compounds increased aniline toxicity in white male rats. These compounds inhibited aniline-hydroxilase activity. The connection between the increase of the toxicity of aniline under the influence of the examined compounds and their inhibiting action on the metabolism of aniline was discussed.

[Neurophoarmacologic profile of an aminotetraline derivative]. / Nevrofarmakologichen profil na edno aminotetralinovo proizvodno.

The authors examined the effect of the piperasine derivative of 2-aminotetraline N-(trans-3-hydroxy--1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthl)--N--(3-oxy-3-phenyl 1--2 methyl propyl)--piperasine (P11) on nobred white mice and rats of the Wistar strain and found interesting and specific neuropharmacological activity. The compound P11 inhibits the central nervous system, diminishes the muscular tonus, attenuates aggressiveness, potentiates hexobarbital sleep, possesses its own analgetic activity, but weakens the morphine analgesia. Without changing spontaneous motor activity the compound sharply lowers the motor activity, raised by phenamine as well as phenamine toxicity. P11 enhances the reserpine and apomomorphine hypothermia and phenamine hyperthermia. The neurological effects of the compound P11 are discussed, taking into consideration its structural similarity with dopamine and its manifested beta adrenoblocking properties.