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OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of injuries and illnesses sustained during the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games, organised in a closed-loop environment to adhere with COVID-19 restrictions. METHODS: Injuries and illnesses from all teams were recorded on a daily basis by team medical staff on a web-based form and by local organising committee medical (polyclinic) facilities and venue medical support. Duplicates recorded on both systems were removed. Incidence of injuries and illnesses are reported per 1000 athlete days (95% CI). RESULTS: 564 athletes (426 male and 138 female) representing 46 countries were monitored for the 13-day period of the Beijing 2022 Paralympic Winter Games (7332 athlete days). The overall incidences were 13.0 injuries (10.6-15.8) and 6.1 illnesses (4.5-8.4) per 1000 athlete days. The incidence of injury in alpine skiing (19.9; 15.2-26.1) was significantly higher compared with Nordic skiing, ice hockey and wheelchair curling (p<0.05), while the incidence of respiratory illness was significantly higher in Nordic skiing (1.6; 0.9-2.9) compared with alpine skiing, ice hockey and snowboarding (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The incidence of both injury and illness at the Beijing 2022 Games were the lowest yet reported in the Paralympic Winter Games. The incidence of injury was highest in alpine skiing. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing vigilance and continued injury risk mitigation strategies to safeguard the well-being of athletes in these high-risk competitions. Respiratory illnesses were most commonly reported in Nordic skiing, which included the three cases of COVID-19 recorded at the games.
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Traumatismos en Atletas , COVID-19 , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Femenino , Estudios Prospectivos , Traumatismos en Atletas/epidemiología , Deportes para Personas con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Beijing/epidemiología , Adulto , SARS-CoV-2 , Paratletas , Esquí/lesiones , Esquí/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven , Aniversarios y Eventos EspecialesRESUMEN
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors facilitate the entry of the causative virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) into target cells. Some ACE gene variants have been suggested to be involved in COVID-19 pathogenesis. So, the aim was to assess the association between ACE1 rs4646994 and ACE2 rs2285666 genes polymorphisms and the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. This case-control study was conducted on 197 patients with COVID-19 and 197 healthy controls. ACE-1 insertion/deletion (I/D) (rs4646994) and ACE2 rs2285666 genes polymorphisms were determined by the amplification refractory mutation system- polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) technique. The DD genotype of ACE1 I/D polymorphism was associated with increased susceptibility to COVID-19 infection (p = 0.012), whereas the ID genotype of this polymorphism was associated with decreased susceptibility (p = 0.003) (significance level = 0.017). There was no significant association in allele and genotype distribution of ACE2 rs2285666 polymorphism between cases and controls. The ACE1 I/D polymorphism may be considered as a risk factor for COVID-19 susceptibility.
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BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), the infectious respiratory disease caused by a newly discovered pathogen (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), is a pandemic that places a burden on the health care system. Recently, most research on COVID-19 has emphasized its profound impact on specific regions and ethnic groups. A possible explanation for these variations in disease presentation and severity might be differences in the gene pool of populations. This study therefore attempted to clarify possible involvements of genetic factors affecting COVID-19 pathogenesis with a focus on voltage-gated potassium channel-interacting protein 4 (KCNIP4) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) gene polymorphisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case-control study, the polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR in 194 COVID-19 patients and 194 healthy controls. RESULTS: COVID-19 susceptibility and severity appeared to be unaffected by these polymorphisms. However, this study supported the relevance of ACE1 II genotype frequency to a decreased number of deaths due to the infection. We found that COVID-19 patients with the ACE1 II genotype have a statistically significant better chance of survival (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: This study strengthens the idea that the ACE1 I/D polymorphism can be a novel prognostic factor indicating the outcome of COVID-19.
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COVID-19 , Canales de Potasio con Entrada de Voltaje , Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina 2 , Angiotensinas/genética , Angiotensinas/metabolismo , COVID-19/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Humanos , Irán , Peptidil-Dipeptidasa A/genética , Peptidil-Dipeptidasa A/metabolismo , Polimorfismo Genético , Canales de Potasio con Entrada de Voltaje/genéticaRESUMEN
Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common genitourinary cancers with significant mortality. Finding reliable tumor markers and potential drug targets can improve early diagnosis, prognosis, and more effective therapeutic protocols. Previous studies have reported the involvement of the substance P (SP)/neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) system in cancers. The potential prognostic role and the interaction of SP and NK-1R in bladder tumor are yet to be elucidated. Methods: Serum samples from 22 primarily diagnosed patients with bladder cancer as well as 22 healthy controls were examined for SP level using ELISA method. Tissue distribution of NK-1R in tumor samples and their adjacent normal tissues was evaluated through immunohistochemistry. Results: Serum SP levels in patients with bladder cancer were higher than the healthy group (p< 0.001) and had a significant correlation with NK-1R staining intensity (p< 0.001), percentage of stained cells (p< 0.001), and NK-1R tissue distribution. Also, the immunoreactivity of NK-1R in cancer samples increased significantly without correlation with tumor characteristics. However, no significant association was found between SP and NK-1R levels with clinical characteristics including tumor size (p= 0.33), tumor stage (p= 0.29), grade (p= 0.93), NK-1R staining intensity (p= 0.53), and percentage of stained cells (p= 0.32). Discussion: According to our findings, despite the lack of association between SP and NK-1R with clinical characteristics of bladder cancer, their serum levels were higher in patients with bladder cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm the potential prognostic role of SP and NK-1R in bladder cancer.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of injuries at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games, including injuries sustained in the new sports of badminton and taekwondo. METHODS: Injury data were obtained daily via the established web-based injury and illness surveillance system (WEB-IISS; 81 countries, 3836 athletes) and local organising committee medical facilities (81 countries, 567 athletes). Univariate unadjusted incidences (injuries per 1000 athlete days with 95% CIs), injury proportion (IP, %) and injury burden (days lost per 1000 athlete days) are reported. RESULTS: A total of 4403 athletes (1853 women, 2550 men) from 162 countries were monitored prospectively during the 3-day pre-competition and 12-day competition periods (66 045 athlete days). 386 injuries were reported in 352 athletes (IP=8.0%) with an incidence of 5.8 per 1000 athlete days (95% CI 5.3 to 6.5). Football 5-a-side (17.2), taekwondo (16.0), judo (11.6) and badminton (9.6) had the highest incidence. There was a higher incidence of injuries in the pre-competition period than in the competition period (7.5 vs 5.4; p=0.0053). Acute (sudden onset) injuries and injuries to the shoulder (0.7) and hand/fingers (0.6) were most common. Injury burden was 10.9 (8.6-13.8), with 35% of injuries resulting in time loss from training and competition. CONCLUSION: Compared with previous Paralympic Games, there was a reduction in injury incidence but higher injury burden at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games. The new sports of taekwondo and badminton had a high injury incidence, with the highest injury burden in taekwondo, compared with other sports. These findings provide epidemiological data to inform injury prevention measures for high-risk sports.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence and burden of illness at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games, which was organised with strict COVID-19 countermeasures. METHODS: Daily illnesses were recorded via the web-based injury and illness surveillance system (teams with their own medical staff; n=81), and local polyclinic services (teams without their own medical staff; n=81). Illness proportion, incidence and burden were reported for all illnesses and in subgroups by sex, age, competition period, sports and physiological system. RESULTS: 4403 athletes (1853 female and 2550 male) from 162 countries were monitored for the 15-day period of the Tokyo Paralympic Games (66 045 athlete days). The overall incidence of illnesses per 1000 athlete days was 4.2 (95% CI 3.8 to 4.8; 280 illnesses). The highest incidences were in wheelchair tennis (7.1), shooting (6.1) and the new sport of badminton (5.9). A higher incidence was observed in female compared with male athletes (5.1 vs 3.6; p=0.005), as well as during the precompetition versus competition period (7.0 vs 3.5; p<0.0001). Dermatological and respiratory illnesses had the highest incidence (1.1 and 0.8, respectively). Illness burden was 4.9 days per 1000 athlete days and 23% of illnesses resulted in time loss from training/competition>1 day. CONCLUSION: The incidence of illness at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games was the lowest yet to be recorded in either the summer or winter Paralympic Games. Dermatological and respiratory illnesses were the most common, with the burden of respiratory illness being the highest, largely due to time loss associated with COVID-19 cases. Infection countermeasures appeared successful in reducing respiratory and overall illness, suggesting implementation in future Paralympic Games may mitigate illness risk.
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Faithful, accurate, and successful cardiac biomechanics and electrophysiological simulations require patient-specific geometric models of the heart. Since the cardiac geometry consists of highly-curved boundaries, the use of high-order meshes with curved elements would ensure that the various curves and features present in the cardiac geometry are well-captured and preserved in the corresponding mesh. Most other existing mesh generation techniques require computer-aided design files to represent the geometric boundary, which are often not available for biomedical applications. Unlike such methods, our technique takes a high-order surface mesh, generated from patient medical images, as input and generates a high-order volume mesh directly from the curved surface mesh. In this paper, we use our direct high-order curvilinear tetrahedral mesh generation method [1] to generate several second-order cardiac meshes. Our meshes include the left ventricle myocardia of a healthy heart and hearts with dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We show that our high-order cardiac meshes do not contain inverted elements and are of sufficiently high quality for use in cardiac finite element simulations.
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OBJECTIVES: Genu recurvatum deformity shifts the mechanical axis of lower extremity posteriorly which may disturb the balance and lead to injury. The aim of this research was to compare postural sways in genu recurvatum subjects with healthy controls while manipulating visual and proprioceptive systems. METHODS: 10 female subjects with genu recurvatum (20.04 ± 4.64 years) and 11 female healthy controls (20.11 ± 4.64 years) participated in the study. The back knee angle was measured using a goniometer. Dynamic BIODEX balance system was used to measure the total, anteroposterior, and mediolateral postural sways while manipulating the stability of the base of support (stable versus unstable) and visual system (open versus closed eyes). RESULT: During standing on the stable level, in both visual conditions, genu recurvatum subjects demonstrated greater total and anteroposterior postural sways than controls in both standing on the right and left foot (p<0.05). Similarly, when standing on the unstable base of support, in all conditions, the postural sways of genu recurvatum subjects were significantly greater than controls in both right and left foot (p<0.05). The vision had a main effect on postural control of genu recurvatum group (p=0.0001). There was a significant interaction between vision, the stability of the base of support and group factors (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: The results indicated that genu recurvatum subjects have a proprioceptive deficiency and they mainly rely on visual system inputs to control and maintain their balance. Thus, the proprioceptive system and balance control should be considered in assessment and designing an appropriate treatment regimen for genu recurvatum.
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Equilibrio Postural , Propiocepción , Femenino , Pie , Humanos , Extremidad Inferior , Posición de PieRESUMEN
Crusted scabies is a rare and extremely contagious infestation by Sarcoptes scabiei. Kaposi's varicelliform eruption (KVE) refers to herpes simplex virus infection superimposed on pre-existing dermatosis such as atopic dermatitis, Darier's disease, and pemphigus. We report a case of KVE superimposed on crusted scabies in a middle-aged woman. Her condition was complicated with sepsis. She was treated with IV meropenem, vancomycin, and acyclovir and was released 2 weeks later in good condition. To our knowledge, only rare cases of crusted scabies complicated by KVE have been reported.
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Tachykinins such as Substance P (SP) are a group of neuropeptides that are involved in cancer development. Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) is the main tachykinin receptor mediating the effects of SP, which is overexpressed in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and other malignant tissues. However, the effects of SP/NK-1R system on the migration of esophageal cancer cells and angiogenesis is not clear yet. This study seeks to obtain data to address these research gaps. In order to assess the effects of the FDA-approved aprepitant drug, a commercially available NK-1R antagonist, on the viability of KYSE-30 ESCC cells, resazurin assay was performed. The influence of SP/NK-1R system on the migration potential of these cells was examined using scratch assay. The effects of this system on the expression levels of metastatic factors were also examined by RT-PCR and western blot analyses. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for KYSE-30 cells treated with aprepitant found to be 29.88 µM. Treatment with SP significantly promoted KYSE-30 esophageal cancer cell migration, and aprepitant blocked this effect. In addition, SP significantly induced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and VEGF receptor1 (VEGFR1) in the cells, whereas aprepitant inhibited the up-regulation effects caused by SP. SP plays important roles in the development of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by promoting cancer cell invasion and enhancing the expression of factors involved in cellular migration and angiogenesis, which can be blocked by the NK-1R antagonist, aprepitant.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/biosíntesis , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/biosíntesis , Sustancia P/farmacología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/biosíntesis , Receptor 2 de Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/biosíntesis , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Aprepitant/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/genética , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/patología , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/genética , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/genética , Antagonistas del Receptor de Neuroquinina-1/farmacología , Receptores de Neuroquinina-1/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/genética , Receptor 2 de Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/genéticaRESUMEN
Tachykinins (TKs) include an evolutionarily conserved group of small bio-active peptides which possess a common carboxyl-terminal sequence, Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. TKs also have been shown to have implications in different steps of carcinogenesis, such as angiogenesis, mitogenesis, metastasis, and other growth-related events. The biological actions of substance P (SP), as the most important member of the TK family, are mainly mediated through a G protein-coupled receptor named neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). More recently, it has become clear that SP/NK1R system is involved in the initiation and activation of signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Therefore, SP may contribute to triggering a variety of effector mechanisms including protein synthesis and a number of transcription factors that modulate the expression of genes involved in these processes. The overwhelming insights into the blockage of NK1R using specific antagonists could suggest a therapeutic approach in cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on evidence supporting an association between the signaling pathways of the SP/NK1R system and cancer cell proliferation and development.
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Carcinogénesis/metabolismo , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Receptores de Neuroquinina-1/fisiología , Sustancia P/fisiología , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Humanos , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and NADPH are key members of the Trx system that is involved in redox regulation and antioxidant defense. In recent years, several researchers have provided information about the roles of the Trx system in cancer development and progression. These reports indicated that many tumor cells express high levels of Trx and TrxR, which can be responsible for drug resistance in tumorigenesis. Inhibition of the Trx system may thus contribute to cancer therapy and improving chemotherapeutic agents. There are now a number of effective natural and synthetic inhibitors with chemotherapy applications possessing antitumor activity ranging from oxidative stress induction to apoptosis. In this article, we first described the features and functions of the Trx system and then reviewed briefly its correlations with cancer. Finally, we summarized the present knowledge about the Trx/TrxR inhibitors as anticancer drugs.
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Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Reductasa de Tiorredoxina-Disulfuro/metabolismo , Tiorredoxinas/metabolismo , Animales , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , NADP/metabolismo , Neoplasias/patología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a large Ser/Thr protein kinase that belongs to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family and mediates various physiological and pathological processes, especially cell proliferation, protein synthesis, autophagy, and cancer development. The mTOR expression is transient and tightly regulated in normal cells, but it is overactivated in cancer cells. Recently, several studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the regulation of mTOR and mTOR-associated processes, some acting as inhibitors and the others as activators. Although it is still in infancy, the strategy of combining both miRNAs and mTOR inhibitors might provide an approach to selectively sensitizing tumor cells to chemotherapy-induced DNA damage and subsequently attenuating the tumor cell growth and apoptosis.
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INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Most patients suffering from vaginismus feel sinful, anxious, and incompetent, with reduced self-confidence. This study was aimed at comparing the effectiveness of the physiotherapy of pelvic floor muscles as a standard treatment and local injection of botulinum toxin on the sexual functioning of patients with primary vaginismus. METHODS: In this randomized clinical trial (RCT), the study population included women with primary vaginismus referred to the Sexual Health and Gynecologic Clinics of Imam Khomeini Hospital during 2013-2014. They were diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria and underwent treatments with botulinum injection (intervention group) and physiotherapy as the current treatment (control group). The participants' primary and secondary outcomes were measured based on successful intercourse and sexual functioning of each group. RESULTS: The results indicated that the overall standard physiotherapy, along with other measurements, such as functional electrical stimulation and desensitization, could effectively improve the patients' Female Sexual Function Index compared with botulinum treatment. At the end of the study, it was found that 20 and 26 patients out of the 30 and 28 patients in the intervention and control groups managed to have successful intercourse respectively (P = 0.014). Also, sexual dysfunction frequencies were seen to be decreased by 26.6% and 50% in the mentioned groups respectively (p = 0.008 and p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the higher efficacy of physiotherapy procedures compared with those of the desensitization and electrical stimulation techniques, this therapeutic method should be considered the first-line treatment of vaginismus (IRCT2016061828486N1).
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Toxinas Botulínicas/administración & dosificación , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Terapia por Estimulación Eléctrica , Diafragma Pélvico , Vaginismo/terapia , Adulto , Terapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Inyecciones Intralesiones , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Atherosclerosis is an arterial disease associated with inflammation. Thrombin is a procoagulant and proinflammatory serine protease that contributes to the pathology of atherosclerosis by enhancing the expression of cell adhesion molecules, inducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, activating inflammatory responses in atherosclerotic plaques, stimulating proliferation of aortic smooth muscle cells, and exacerbating vascular lesions at sites of injury. Hence, thrombin appears to be an important target for treatment of atherosclerosis and thrombin pharmacological inhibitors have significant therapeutic potency for suppressing inflammatory responses in cardiovascular diseases. This review summarizes the proinflammatory signaling functions of thrombin as well as the therapeutic potency of thrombin inhibitors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and hence their potential therapeutic value in this condition.
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Aorta/patología , Aterosclerosis/metabolismo , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Placa Aterosclerótica/metabolismo , Trombina/metabolismo , Animales , Aorta/metabolismo , Aterosclerosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Aterosclerosis/patología , Humanos , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/metabolismo , Inflamación/patología , Músculo Liso Vascular/patología , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/patología , Placa Aterosclerótica/tratamiento farmacológico , Placa Aterosclerótica/patología , Transducción de Señal , Trombina/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
Estimating and visualizing myocardial active stress wave patterns is crucial to understanding the mechanical activity of the heart and provides a potential non-invasive method to assess myocardial function. These patterns can be reconstructed by analyzing 2D and/or 3D tissue displacement data acquired using medical imaging. Here we describe an application that utilizes a 3D finite element formulation to reconstruct active stress from displacement data. As a proof of concept, a simple cubic mesh was used to represent a myocardial tissue "sample" consisting of a 10 × 10 × 10 lattice of nodes featuring different fiber directions that rotate with depth, mimicking cardiac transverse isotropy. In the forward model, tissue deformation was generated using a test wave with active stresses that mimic the myocardial contractile forces. The generated deformation field was used as input to an inverse model designed to reconstruct the original active stress distribution. We numerically simulated malfunctioning tissue regions (experiencing limited contractility and hence active stress) within the healthy tissue. We also assessed model sensitivity by adding noise to the deformation field generated using the forward model. The difference image between the original and reconstructed active stress distribution suggests that the model accurately estimates active stress from tissue deformation data with a high signal-to-noise ratio.
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BACKGROUND: Among exogenous etiologies, the critical role of microbial agents such as herpesviruses (HSV1/2) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in triggering and flaring autoimmune conditions such as pemphigus vulgaris (PV) has been recently discovered. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to investigate the plausible role of these viruses in the exacerbation of PV using serological and molecular methods. PATIENTS/METHODS: Sixty patients with PV (30 with relapse type and 30 with remission type) were recruited for the purpose of this case-control study. Skin, mucosal, and throat specimens were obtained and examined for viruses by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. To determine the immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used. RESULTS: Desmoglein1-specific IgG was positive in 56.7% of patients with the relapse form and in 20.0% of those with the remission form indicating a significant difference across the 2 groups (P = 0.003), but the rate of positivity for desmoglein3-specific IgG in the relapse and remission types was 76.7% and 63.3%, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.260). There was no difference in the mean levels of HSV-IgG and CMV-IgG in the relapse and remission groups. HSV and CMV positivity in PV patients was independent of the site of the samples. Using the multivariable linear regression model, the level of CMV-IgG in PV patients was directly affected by female sex and advanced ages. CONCLUSIONS: Our study could not demonstrate the role of HSV1/2 and CMV as triggering factors for PV exacerbation. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential role of these viruses in PV exacerbation especially considering demographic variables.
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Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is described as a subepidermal blistering disorder, which is commonly reported among the elderly, particularly those older than 60 years of age. In this report, we present the case of a 41-year-old female patient with BP lesions that were initially detected at the site of Hijama therapy with a subsequent generalized spread. Punch biopsy from the lesions and perilesional direct immunofluorescence (DIF) demonstrated features of BP. The anti-BP180 level was 178 RU/mL, and the anti-BP230 level was negative. BP antigens at the site of Hijama caused an antibody response, which led to widespread blistering over the trunk due to epitope spreading. In a comprehensive review of the literature, a total of 22 BP patients with lesions due to physical trauma were studied, and clinical, immunological, and epidemiological information was gathered. This article is the first report on the occurrence of BP induced by Hijama therapy.
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BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate working posture of operating room nurses and its relationship with demographic and job details of this group. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 147 operating room nurses in Tabriz, Iran using a questionnaire and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) checklist. The data were analyzed with SPSS.16 using t test, Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests for univariate analysis and the linear regression test for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The mean (SD) of REBA score was 7.7 (1.9), which means a high risk level and highlights an urgent need to change the working postures of the studied nurses. There was significant relationship between working posture and age (P = 0.003), gender (P = 0.003), regular daily exercise (P = 0.048), work experience (P = 0.003), number of shifts per month (P = 0.006) and type of operating rooms (P < 0.001) in univariate analyses. Gender and type of operating room were the predictors of working posture of nurses in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the need for ergonomic interventions and educational programs to improve working posture of this study population, which can consequently lead to promotion of health and well-being of this group.