RESUMEN
Patients diagnosed with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), particularly if recently treated with anti-CD20 antibodies, are at risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Because studies evaluating humoral response to COVID-19 vaccine in these patients are lacking, recommendations regarding vaccination strategy remain unclear. The humoral immune response to BNT162b2 messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccine was evaluated in patients with B-NHL who received 2 vaccine doses 21 days apart and compared with the response in healthy controls. Antibody titer, measured by the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2S assay, was evaluated 2 to 3 weeks after the second vaccine dose. Patients with B-NHL (n = 149), aggressive B-NHL (a-B-NHL; 47%), or indolent B-NHL (i-B-NHL; 53%) were evaluated. Twenty-eight (19%) were treatment naïve, 37% were actively treated with a rituximab/obinutuzumab (R/Obi)-based induction regimen or R/Obi maintenance, and 44% had last been treated with R/Obi >6 months before vaccination. A seropositive response was achieved in 89%, 7.3%, and 66.7%, respectively, with response rates of 49% in patients with B-NHL vs 98.5% in 65 healthy controls (P < .001). Multivariate analysis revealed that longer time since exposure to R/Obi and absolute lymphocyte count ≥0.9 × 103/µL predicted a positive serological response. Median time to achieve positive serology among anti-CD20 antibody-treated patients was longer in i-B-NHL vs a-B-NHL. The humoral response to BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine is impaired in patients with B-NHL who are undergoing R/Obi treatment. Longer time since exposure to R/Obi is associated with improved response rates to the COVID-19 vaccine. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT04746092.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Linfoma no Hodgkin , Linfocitos B , Vacuna BNT162 , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , Humanos , Linfoma no Hodgkin/terapia , ARN Mensajero , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
154 undergraduate students were given Gardner and Melvin's Attitudes Toward Cheating Scale, Ray's General Alienation Scale, and Eison's Learning Orientation/Grade Orientation Scale. Scores indicating condemnatory (unfavorable) attitudes toward cheating were positively correlated with grade point average and negatively correlated with alienation. Our results are consistent with a previous study which showed an association between cheating and alienation.
Asunto(s)
Actitud , Escolaridad , Alienación Social , Conformidad Social , Estudiantes/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
108 students were classified as preferring either a style of left or right hemisphericity using Zenhausern's Preference Questionnaire. The students then completed two scales designed to measure belief in extrasensory perception (ESP). Students who scored as preferring a right style scored higher on belief in ESP than those who preferred a left style. The results are consistent with previous findings which suggest a connection between right hemisphere functions (e.g., imagery) and belief in ESP.