PET/MRI, Part 3: Protocols and Procedures.

CE credit: For CE credit, you can access the test for this article, as well as additional JNMT CE tests, online at https://www.snmmilearningcenter.org Complete the test online no later than March 2025. Your online test will be scored immediately. You may make 3 attempts to pass the test and must answer 75% of the questions correctly to receive Continuing Education Hour (CEH) credit. Credit amounts can be found in the SNMMI Learning Center Activity. SNMMI members will have their CEH credit added to their VOICE transcript automatically; nonmembers will be able to print out a CE certificate upon successfully completing the test. The online test is free to SNMMI members; nonmembers must pay $15.00 by credit card when logging onto the website to take the test.The emergence of PET and MRI as a hybrid modality has demanded new approaches to protocols and procedures. Although protocols for MRI and PET individually lend themselves to synergistic and simultaneous approaches, there are a number of unique challenges and patient preparations that require consideration. This article provides insight into the protocols, procedures, and challenges associated with simultaneous PET/MRI in both adult and pediatric populations. Although protocols may be specific to applications or pathologies of interest, a richer discussion of the clinical applications of PET/MRI is beyond the scope of this article and will be detailed in part 4 of the series. The foundation of PET/MRI protocols is an understanding of the various MRI sequences, which are outlined succinctly. The principles outlined for protocols and procedures are general, and specific application will vary among departments. Given that the procedures for PET are well established among the readership of this journal, this article emphasizes MRI factors unless specific variations in standard PET protocols or procedures are driven by the simultaneous MRI. This article is the third in a 4-part integrated series sponsored by the PET/MR and Publication Committees of the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging-Technologist Section.

PET/MR Part 4: Clinical Applications of PET/MRI.

Position emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a hybrid modality provides novel imaging opportunities. While there are a very broad array of pathologies that could benefit from PET/MRI, there is only a narrow range of applications where benefit over standard care justifies the higher resource utilization and, in particular, offers a net positive trade-off over PET/CT. This benefit is generally associated with the omission of CT and the associated radiation dose from the patient workup. This manuscript provides a summary of the generally accepted clinical applications of PET/MRI in both adult and pediatric populations. While there are a number of potential applications and certainly exciting research that may expand applications in the future, the purpose of this paper was to focus on current, mainstream applications. This is the final manuscript in a four-part integrated series sponsored by the SNMMI-TS PET/MR Task Force in conjunction with the SNMMI-TS Publication Committee.

Clinical pediatric positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance program: a guide to successful implementation.

Children with malignancies undergo recurrent imaging as part of tumor diagnosis, staging and therapy response assessment. Simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) allows for decreased radiation exposure and acts as a one-stop shop for disease in which MR imaging is required. Nevertheless, PET/MR is still less readily available than PET/CT across institutions. This article serves as a guide to successful implementation of a clinical pediatric PET/MR program based on our extensive clinical experience. Challenges include making scanners more affordable and increasing patient throughput by decreasing total scan time. With improvements in workflow and robust acquisition protocols, PET/MR imaging is expected to play an increasingly important role in pediatric oncology.