Hope experiences in parents of children with cancer: A qualitative meta-synthesis.

PURPOSE: To synthesise qualitative research on the parental hope experiences for children with cancer and identify the levels of parental hope experiences and psychosocial adjustment during cancer events. METHODS: Five electronic databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP) were used to retrieve qualitative studies on the hope experiences of parents of children with cancer from inception to February 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-QARI) was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Data were synthesised using a thematic analysis. RESULTS: Four analytical themes were identified: the process and way hope exists, sources of hope, positive effects of hope, and obstacles to hope maintenance. CONCLUSIONS: Maintaining hope is crucial for parents who are caring for their children with cancer. There are different sources of hope, and targeted interventions can enhance the experience of hope for parents of children with cancer. Families, healthcare providers, and society should pay more attention to the parents of children with cancer and provide them with psychological, social, and financial support to improve their level of hope and quality of care.

Effects of white noise on preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

AIM: To critically assess the effects of white noise on the pain level, weight gain and vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation) of preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: Ten databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP and Wanfang Data) were systematically reviewed from inception to July 2022. Two reviewers evaluated the risk of bias separately using the Cochrane Collaboration criteria and extracted data using a predesigned information form. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included eight eligible RCTs. According to statistical analysis, white noise significantly affected the pain level, weight gain, heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation in preterm infants. Regardless of the outcome measurement timing, gestational age and birth weight of preterm infants, subgroup analysis demonstrated that white noise reduced the pain level, heart rate and respiratory rate and promoted weight gain in preterm infants in NICUs. CONCLUSION: White noise is a practical and potentially useful therapy for premature neonates in NICUs. No Patient or Public Contribution.

Post-traumatic growth and influencing factors among parents of premature infants: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic growth is a positive psychological change that may aid recovery in individuals experiencing trauma. Owing to the lack of research in the area of parental care for premature infants, we decided to explore the levels and factors influencing post-traumatic growth among parents of premature infants in neonatal intensive care units. We believe that these findings will help reassess existing care practices so that healthcare providers can promptly identify negative emotions and take necessary measures to help develop the potential to enhance post-traumatic growth. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling between February and September 2022. Data were analysed using independent sample t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Bivariate correlations were analysed using the Pearson's or Spearman's method, and related factors were analysed using multiple linear regression. We followed the SRQR checklist throughout the study period. RESULTS: A total of 217 patients were effectively treated, with a recovery rate of 98.64%. Univariate analysis showed that the length of hospital stay, presence of only one child, parents' age, marital status, education level, working status, and per capita monthly familial income were influencing factors. Bivariate analysis showed that post-traumatic growth was moderately and positively correlated with perceived social support, rumination, and family resilience. Multiple linear regression showed that purposeful contemplation, family resilience, education, family support, age, and marital status entered into the regression equation and together accounted for 47.4% of the total variation. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to pay attention to post-traumatic growth and familial stability in these families, provide aid in building a good support system, and encourage parents to mobilise their family and favourable factors to increase post-traumatic growth levels.

Post-traumatic growth among childhood cancer survivors: A qualitative meta-synthesis.

PURPOSE: To conduct a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies on the post-traumatic growth experiences of childhood cancer survivors. METHOD: Various databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, PsycInfo, ProQuest, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database (CSTJ), and China Biology Medicine (CBM) were used to retrieve qualitative studies on childhood cancer survivors who experienced post-traumatic growth. RESULTS: Eight papers were included in this study, and similar fragments were combined to form eight categories, which were further combined into four synthesized findings: adjustment of cognitive system, enhancement of personal strength, improving relationships with others, resetting of life goals. CONCLUSIONS: Post-traumatic growth was observed in some childhood cancer survivors. The potential resources and positive forces contributing to this growth are of great significance in the fight against cancer, in tapping into individual and social resources to help survivors grow, and in improving their survival rates and quality of life. It also provides a new perspective for healthcare providers regarding the relevant psychological interventions.

Predictors of health self-management behaviour in Kazakh patients with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study in China.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is common among Muslim patients living in China, most of whom are Kazakh adults. Continuous and effective health self-management plays a critical role in preventing negative health outcomes for individuals with MS. However, Muslim minority patients with MS face many difficulties in actively participating in health self-management, and the factors supporting their successful self-management of MS remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the factors predicting health self-management behaviour among Kazakh MS patients and provide empirical evidence for establishing recommendation guidelines or intervention programmes for health self-management among Muslim minorities. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Xinjiang Province, China, with the use of convenience sampling to explore the current health self-management behaviour of 454 Kazakh MS patients and its influencing factors. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: The total health self-management behaviour score of Kazakh MS patients was 85.84±11.75, and the weaknesses in self-management behaviour were mainly reflected in three dimensions: disease self-monitoring, emotion management and communication with physicians. The significant positive predictors of health self-management behaviour were sex, education, family monthly income per capita, weight, knowledge of MS, and self-efficacy, while the significant negative predictors were blood pressure, the number of MS components, chronic disease comorbidities, and social support (objective support and utilization of support). CONCLUSION: The health self-management behaviour of Kazakh MS patients is poor. Health care providers should aim to develop culturally specific and feasible health management intervention programmes based on the weaknesses and major modifiable influencing factors in Muslim minority MS patient health self-management, thus improving the health outcomes and quality of life of patients.

The prevalence of anxiety and depression of different severity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms of different severity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and explore the potential contributors related to these symptoms using a meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Databases were systemically searched for cross-sectional studies that evaluated the prevalence of anxiety and depression in women with PCOS published up to September 21 2019. Random effects model or fixed-effect model was used to analyze the data in meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) were performed to estimate the potential factors related to these symptoms. RESULT: A total of 24 cross-sectional studies were included. All studies assessed depression (2316 women with PCOS). Moreover, 16 studies assessed anxiety (1698 women with PCOS), and 6 studies assessed anxiety with depression (736 women with PCOS). The analysis revealed an increase in pool prevalence of depression (42%, 95%CI: 33-52%) and anxiety (37%, 95%CI: 14-60%) among the participants with PCOS, while the pooled prevalence of depression and concurrent anxiety was 28% (95%CI: 1.7-54.2%). Besides, the pooled prevalence of mild symptoms was higher than other levels (depression: 27.5%, 95%CI: 19-36%; anxiety: 35%, 95%CI: 0.8-70.8%). Obese women with PCOS had higher odds of depression (2.098, 95% CI: 1.411-3.119, I2=0.00%, p > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis confirmed that women with PCOS had a high prevalence of anxiety and depression of different severity, with mild symptoms being more common. Moreover, obesity may increase the risk of depression symptoms, while potential contributors and mechanisms affecting these symptoms, such as hirsutism, infertility, insulin resistance (IR), and total testosterone in women with PCOS, need to be further investigated.

Empowerment programs for parental mental health of preterm infants: A meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of empowerment programs on mental health in parents of preterm infants. METHODS: Ten databases were searched for randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies published from inception to March 2020, and two reviewers independently and critically assessed trial quality and extracted data. RESULTS: Eight studies with a total of 1029 participants met the inclusion criteria. Empowerment programs significantly improved parental mental health, particularly maternal stress and depression. This meta-analysis also indicated that Creating Opportunities for Parent Empowerment (COPE) had a medium effect on maternal mental health. Both empowerment-based health education and empowerment programs conducted during the infants' hospitalisation had large effects on maternal mental health, whereas those conducted from hospitalisation to one week after discharge showed no significant effect. CONCLUSION: Empowerment programs have positive effects on parental mental health, especially for mothers. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Our study provides objective evidence for the development of future empowerment programs.

Developing a new individual earthquake resilience questionnaire: A reliability and validity test.

Earthquakes pose serious threats to the world. Good individual resilience can cope with disaster well, but there were few appropriate assessment tools. The purpose of this study was to develop a new individual earthquake resilience questionnaire and test its reliability and validity. First, we built the framework of the individual earthquake resilience questionnaire based on expert interviews. Then, we established the initial version of questionnaire and used the Delphi method and item selection to modify it by qualitative and quantitative methods. Finally, we built the final version of questionnaire (contained 4 dimensions and 17 items) and tested the reliability and validity. The Cronbach's α values of the four dimensions were between 0.79 and 0.91, the split-half reliabilities were between 0.85 and 0.93, and the test-retest reliabilities were between 0.72 and 0.80. The item content validity indexes were between 0.87-1, and the average questionnaire content validity index was 0.94. The correlation coefficients between each item and dimension with the total questionnaire ranged from 0.79-0.90 and 0.66-0.79, respectively. We used exploratory factor analysis to identify four common factors with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 74.97%. The questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to measure individual resilience in the context of earthquake disasters.

Effects of perceived stress and professional values on clinical performance in practice nursing students: A structural equation modeling approach.

BACKGROUND: Clinical performance is regarded as a basic and core content of nursing quality. Professional values of nursing students may play an important role in improving clinical performance. Few studies reveal the relationship between professional values, perceived stress and clinical performance. This research has found that professional values play a moderating role in the relationship between perceived stress and clinical performance. OBJECTIVE: To examine the negative association between perceived stress and clinical performance among practice nursing students, and to determine whether professional values plays a moderating role in the relationship between perceived stress and clinical performance among Chinese practice nursing students. DESIGN: A cross-sectional descriptive design has been used. METHODS: From May to June 2017, a total of 435 Chinese practice nursing students from 4 hospitals filled out the questionnaires. The response rate was 94.57%. Three questionnaires including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Nursing Professional Value Scale-Revised (NPVS-R), and Clinical Performance Scale (CPS). Structural equation modeling was used to deal with the relationships among perceived stress, professional values, and clinical performance. RESULTS: Perceived stress was negatively associated with clinical performance (P < 0.01). Professional values significantly affected clinical performance (P < 0.01) and moderated the relationship between perceived stress and clinical performance (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Perceived stress is negatively related to clinical performance among Chinese practice nursing students, and professional values moderates the relationship between perceived stress and clinical performance, which can form scientific evidence to develop intervention strategies to improve clinical performance.

Effectiveness of flipped classrooms in Chinese baccalaureate nursing education: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the flipped classroom approach has been broadly applied to nursing courses in China. However, a systematic and quantitative assessment of the outcomes of this approach has not been conducted. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the meta-analysis is to evaluate the effectiveness of the flipped classroom pedagogy in Chinese baccalaureate nursing education. DESIGN: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. DATA SOURCE: All randomized controlled trials relevant to the use of flipped classrooms in Chinese nursing education were retrieved from the following databases from their date of inception through September 23, 2017: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Wanfang Database, and the Chinese Scientific Journals Database. Search terms including "flipp*", "inverted", "classroom", and "nurs*" were used to identify potential studies. We also manually searched the reference lists of the retrieved articles to identify potentially relevant studies. REVIEW METHODS: Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of each study and extracted the data. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. RevMan (Version 5.3) was used to analyze the data. Theoretical knowledge scores and skill scores (continuous data) were synthesized using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The statistical heterogeneity of the included studies was analyzed by calculating the I2 statistic and applying a chi-square test. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots. The quality of the combined results was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. RESULTS: Eleven randomized controlled trials published between 2015 and 2017 were selected. All the included studies had a moderate possibility of bias due to low methodological quality. The meta-analysis indicated that the theoretical knowledge scores and skill scores were significantly higher in the flipped classroom group than in the traditional lectures group (SMD=1.06, 95% CI: 0.70-1.41, P <0.001, and SMD=1.40, 95% CI: 0.46-2.34, P <0.001). There was no significant publication bias indicated in the primary analysis. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results of our meta-analysis were reliable. The evidence grades of the results regarding the theoretical knowledge and skill scores were low and very low, respectively. CONCLUSION: Flipped classroom pedagogy is more effective than traditional lectures at improving students' theoretical knowledge and skill scores. Given the limitations of the included studies, more robust randomized controlled trials are warranted in a variety of educational settings to confirm our findings.

An empowerment health education program for children undergoing surgery for congenital heart diseases.

Since the surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) is considered highly risky, appropriate postoperative care is crucial. After the surgery, children are often discharged with unhealed wounds, incomplete recovery, and continuing pain. Health education programs based on empowerment education model can assist clients to develop skills in self-management. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an empowerment health education program for improving caregiving knowledge, caring behaviors, and self-efficacy of parents caring for children after corrective surgery for CHD. This prospective clinical trial enrolled pediatric patients undergoing surgical correction for CHD. Patients were divided into two groups: the control group (n = 42), which received the standard education program, and the intervention group (n = 44), which participated in the empowerment theory-based education program. We collected data on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2); New York Heart Association classification of the patients; and the parents' caregiving knowledge, caring behaviors, and self-efficacy before surgery and one month and three months after surgery. At one month and three months after surgery, the intervention group scored higher than the control group in caregiving knowledge, caring behavior, and self-efficacy. By the third month after surgery, the intervention group had significantly higher values of LVEF and SpO2 than the control group.