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The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic prompted governments, institutions, and researchers to investigate its impact, developing strategies based on general indicators to make the most precise predictions possible. Approaches based on epidemiological models were used but the outcomes demonstrated forecasting with uncertainty due to insufficient or missing data. Besides the lack of data, machine-learning models including random forest, support vector regression, LSTM, Auto-encoders, and traditional time-series models such as Prophet and ARIMA were employed in the task, achieving remarkable results with limited effectiveness. Some of these methodologies have precision constraints in dealing with multi-variable inputs, which are important for problems like pandemics that require short and long-term forecasting. Given the under-supply in this scenario, we propose a novel approach for time-series prediction based on stacking auto-encoder structures using three variations of the same model for the training step and weight adjustment to evaluate its forecasting performance. We conducted comparison experiments with previously published data on COVID-19 cases, deaths, temperature, humidity, and air quality index (AQI) in São Paulo City, Brazil. Additionally, we used the percentage of COVID-19 cases from the top ten affected countries worldwide until May 4th, 2020. The results show 80.7% and 10.3% decrease in RMSE to entire and test data over the distribution of 50 trial-trained models, respectively, compared to the first experiment comparison. Also, model type#3 achieved 4th better overall ranking performance, overcoming the NBEATS, Prophet, and Glounts time-series models in the second experiment comparison. This model shows promising forecast capacity and versatility across different input dataset lengths, making it a prominent forecasting model for time-series tasks.
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COVID-19 , Predicción , COVID-19/epidemiología , Humanos , Predicción/métodos , Brasil/epidemiología , Pandemias , Aprendizaje Automático , SARS-CoV-2 , Modelos Estadísticos , Modelos EpidemiológicosRESUMEN
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) serves as a pivotal neurotransmitter implicated in the pathogenesis of stress, anxiety, sleep-related disorders, and heart rate (HR) reactions. Heart-rate variability (HRV), modulated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), offers insights into cardiac autonomic control and cardiovascular well-being. The present study aimed to explore the impact of GABA supplementation on emotional metrics, sleep quality, and HRV in sedentary women with overweight or obesity partaking in physical exercise. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was undertaken involving 30 sedentary women with overweight or obesity. Volunteers were assigned randomly to two groups: the intervention group receiving GABA (200 mg) once daily for a total of 90 supplementation doses, and the placebo group. Both groups engaged in physical exercise, while the supplementation regimen spanned 90 days. Assessments were conducted at three intervals: baseline (T0), midway through the study (T45), and study culmination (T90). Following 90 days of GABA supplementation, the intervention group demonstrated enhancements in habitual sleep efficiency, as indicated by reductions in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. Moreover, an improved emotional response was observed, characterized by diminished negative affect. GABA supplementation yielded ameliorations in depression scores as per the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Notably, an augmented HRV was noted, attributed to heightened parasympathetic autonomic nervous system predominance. GABA supplementation elicited noteworthy enhancements in heart rate variability, emotional response, depression mitigation, and sleep efficiency following a 90-day supplementation.
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Depresión , Suplementos Dietéticos , Ejercicio Físico , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Sobrepeso , Conducta Sedentaria , Ácido gamma-Aminobutírico , Humanos , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Método Doble Ciego , Adulto , Sobrepeso/psicología , Sobrepeso/terapia , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Calidad del Sueño , Emociones , Obesidad/psicología , Obesidad/terapia , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/efectos de los fármacos , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/fisiopatología , Sueño/fisiología , Sueño/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Alzheimer's disease (AD) constitutes a multifactorial neurodegenerative pathology characterized by cognitive deterioration, personality alterations, and behavioral shifts. The ongoing brain impairment process poses significant challenges for therapeutic interventions due to activating multiple neurotoxic pathways. Current pharmacological interventions have shown limited efficacy and are associated with significant side effects. Approaches focusing on the early interference with disease pathways, before activation of broad neurotoxic processes, could be promising to slow down symptomatic progression of the disease. Curcumin-an integral component of traditional medicine in numerous cultures worldwide-has garnered interest as a promising AD treatment. Current research indicates that curcumin may exhibit therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative pathologies, attributed to its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Additionally, curcumin and its derivatives have demonstrated an ability to modulate cellular pathways via epigenetic mechanisms. This article aims to raise awareness of the neuroprotective properties of curcuminoids that could provide therapeutic benefits in AD. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the neuroprotective efficacy of curcumin against signaling pathways that could be involved in AD and summarizes recent evidence of the biological efficiency of curcumins in vivo.
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Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Antiinflamatorios , Antioxidantes , Curcumina , Epigénesis Genética , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/genética , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/patología , Curcumina/farmacología , Curcumina/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Epigénesis Genética/efectos de los fármacos , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Animales , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Supplementation with Angiotensin-(1-7) [(Ang-1-7)] has received considerable attention due to its possible ergogenic effects on physical performance. The effects of a single dose of Ang-(1-7) on the performance of mountain bike (MTB) athletes during progressive load tests performed until the onset of voluntary fatigue have previously been demonstrated. This study tested the effects of Ang-(1-7) in two different exercise protocols with different metabolic demands: aerobic (time trial) and anaerobic (repeated sprint). METHODS: Twenty one male recreational athletes were given capsules containing an oral formulation of HPßCD-Ang-(1-7) (0.8 mg) and HPßCD-placebo (only HPßCD) over a 7-day interval; a double-blind randomized crossover design was used. Physical performance was examined using two protocols: a 20-km cycling time trial or 4 × 30-s repeated all-out sprints on a leg cycle ergometer. Data were collected before and after physical tests to assess fatigue parameters, and included lactate levels, and muscle activation during the sprint protocol as evaluated by electromyography (EMG); cardiovascular parameters: diastolic and systolic blood pressure and heart rate; and performance parameters, time to complete (time trial), maximum power and mean power (repeated sprint). RESULTS: Supplementation with an oral formulation of HPßCD-Ang-(1-7) reduced basal plasma lactate levels and promoted the maintenance of plasma glucose levels after repeated sprints. Supplementation with HPßCD-Ang-(1-7) also increased baseline plasma nitrite levels and reduced resting diastolic blood pressure in a time trial protocol. HPßCD-Ang-(1-7) had no effect on the time trial or repeat sprint performance, or on the EMG recordings of the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis. CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with HPßCD-Ang-(1-7) did not improve physical performance in time trial or in repeated sprints; however, it promoted the maintenance of plasma glucose and lactate levels after the sprint protocol and at rest, respectively. In addition, HPßCD-Ang-(1-7) also increased resting plasma nitrite levels and reduced diastolic blood pressure in the time trial protocol. TRIAL REGISTRATION: RBR-2nbmpbc, registered January 6th, 2023. The study was prospectively registered.
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Angiotensina I , Rendimiento Atlético , Nitritos , Fragmentos de Péptidos , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Cruzados , 2-Hidroxipropil-beta-Ciclodextrina , Ciclismo/fisiología , Glucemia , Lactatos , Suplementos Dietéticos , Atletas , FatigaRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to verify the association of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism with sarcopenia stage, according to the Revised European Consensus on the Definition and Diagnosis of Sarcopenia, in middle-aged and older adults, pre- and post- ST. In the 12-week longitudinal study, 71 middle-aged and older adults were evaluated; the participants were assigned to either control or intervention group. The intervention group underwent progressive ST three times a week. All participants underwent blood collection, DNA extraction, genotyping of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism, anthropometric evaluations, and diagnostic tests for sarcopenia. The last two tests were repeated after 12 weeks. No association of the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism with sarcopenia stage was observed before and after 12 weeks. However, the intervention group remained non-sarcopenic (n = 25, p <0.05) or achieved changes in sarcopenia stage (from sarcopenic to non-sarcopenic) (n = 13, p <0.05). Our study demonstrates that progressive ST performed regularly can reverse or prevent sarcopenia regardless of genotype for the ACTN3-R577X polymorphism.
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Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , Sarcopenia/genética , Estudios Longitudinales , Perfil Genético , Genotipo , Actinina/genéticaRESUMEN
Abstract Aging has a direct impact on balance due to changes in sensory and motor response, sarcopenia, reduced muscle strength and range of motion that occur in the elderly. In this context, strength training (ST) programs are seen as a valuable strategy to minimize the deleterious effect of aging on strength production and balance in this population. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of progressive intensity ST on static balance variables in the elderly. The study included 23 elderly with an average age of 65±8.61 years, of both sexes, who performed a twelve-week strength training program, with a frequency of three times a week and with progressive intensity (60 - 85% of 1-RM). Balance was assessed before and after the intervention period, through stabilometric assessment on a force plate. After the intervention, there was a reduction in the anteroposterior amplitude (p=0.01), in the anteroposterior velocity (p=0.01) and in the total displaced area (p=0.04). It is concluded that the strength training can be used as a key tool to minimize the deleterious effect of aging on the maintenance of static balance.
Resumo O envelhecimento tem impacto direto no equilíbrio devido a alterações da resposta sensorial e motora, sarcopenia e redução da força muscular e da amplitude de movimento que ocorre nos idosos. Nesse contexto, programas de treinamento de força (TF) são vistos como valiosa estratégia para minimizar o efeito deletério do envelhecimento na produção de força e no equilíbrio dessa população. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito de 12 semanas de TF com intensidade progressiva sobre as variáveis de equilíbrio estático em idosos. Participaram do estudo 23 idosos com idade média de 65±8,61 anos, de ambos os sexos, que realizaram um programa de TF de doze semanas, com frequência de três vezes por semana e com intensidade progressiva (60 - 85% de 1-RM). O equilíbrio foi avaliado antes e após o período de intervenção, por meio de avaliação estabilométrica em plataforma de força. Após a intervenção houve redução na amplitude anteroposterior (p=0,01), na velocidade anteroposterior (p=0,01) e na área total deslocada (p= 0,04). Conclui-se que o treinamento de força pode ser utilizado como ferramenta chave para minimizar o efeito deletério do envelhecimento na manutenção do equilíbrio estático.
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The aim of this study is to evaluate COMT2, COMT3, CYP1B1, and ESR1 gene polymorphisms and occurrence of endometrial polyps. In addition, we intended to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with and without the presence of the disease, characterizing the possible risk factors. A cross-sectional study was performed, with a total of 309 women, including 236 in the group of women with endometrial polyp confirmed by hysteroscopy and anatomical pathological examination and 73 in the group of people with diagnostic hysteroscopy without abnormal findings from the macroscopic point of view. Polymorphisms of four genes were studied: COMT2 (rs4680), COMT3 (rs5031015), CYP1B1 (rs1056836), and ESR1 (rs2234693). Polymorphism genotyping was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Considering the results, no differences were identified between the two groups with respect to age, body mass index, diabetes, dyslipidemia, or smoking. The group of women without endometrial polyps showed higher use of hormone therapy than the other group (16.4 percent versus 3.8 percent, p < .001). The COMT2, COMT3, CYP1B1, and ESR1 genes exhibited no significant difference for the occurrence of endometrial polyp between the two groups. The research concluded that no correlation was identified between the genetic polymorphisms evaluated and the presence of endometrial polyps.
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Pólipos , Neoplasias Uterinas , Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Polimorfismo Genético , Factores de Riesgo , Histeroscopía/métodos , Pólipos/genética , Pólipos/diagnóstico , Pólipos/patologíaRESUMEN
Heart rate variability is a non-invasive method of assessing global health through the analysis of the autonomous centralnervous system, including both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training on heart rate variability at rest in elderly individuals undergoing six months of resistance training with progressive loads. Training reduced the body fat percentage of the volunteers (pre: 39.39 ± 7.21 vs post: 34.97 ± 6.40%; p = 0.0069). There was also a significant reduction in the low-frequency index (pre: 69621.50 ± 9817.28 vs post: 54210.50 ± 14903.94; p = 0.0322) and a significant increase in the high-frequency index (pre: 30308.00 ± 9857.86 vs post: 45627.10 ± 14838.80; p = 0.0326). We concluded that sixmonths of resistance training with progressive loads were beneficial for heart rate variability and reduced the body fat percentage in the elderly.
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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) with progressive intensity on factors associated with sarcopenia in older individuals. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 74 participants (64.27 ± 7.06-y-old) who were divided into a control group (n = 37) and an intervention group (n = 37). The intervention group underwent 12 weeks of RT three times a week, with an initial training of 60% and final training of 85% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Both groups were evaluated before and after the 12-week training period to assess improvements in strength and physical performance. RESULTS: The intervention group showed an increase in physical performance, as evidenced by a reduction in the time to perform the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test (p < 0.01) and the Five Times Sit to Stand Test (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the RT proved to be efficient for increasing hand grip and overall muscular strength, as confirmed through the 1RM test. However, the muscle mass index (MMI) and walking speed did not show any significant alterations in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, 12 weeks of RT with progressive intensity has a positive effect on the diagnostic parameters of sarcopenia, leading to improvements in physical performance and muscular strength while maintaining the MMI.
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Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Anciano , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Estudios Transversales , Fuerza Muscular/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The objective of this study was to verify the influence of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism on muscle damage and the inflammatory response after an acute strength training (ST) session. Twenty-seven healthy male individuals (age: 25 ± 4.3 years) participated in the study, including 18 RR/RX and 9 XX individuals. The participants were divided into two groups (RR/RX and XX groups) and subjected to an acute ST session, which consisted of a series of leg press, leg extension machine, and seated leg curl machine. The volunteers were instructed to perform the greatest volume of work until concentric muscle failure. Each volunteer's performance was analyzed as the load and total volume of training, and the blood concentrations of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), interleukin-8 (IL-8), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), myoglobin, testosterone, and cortisol were measured before the ST session and 30 min and 24 h postsession. The ACTN3 R577X polymorphism effect was observed, with increased concentrations of CCL2 (p < 0.01), IL-8 (p < 0.01), and LDH (p < 0.001) in XX individuals. There was an increase in the concentration of CK in the RR/RX group compared to XX at 24 h after training (p > 0.01). The testosterone/cortisol ratio increased more markedly in the XX group (p < 0.001). Regarding performance, the RR/RX group presented higher load and total volume values in the training exercises when compared to the XX group (p < 0.05). However, the XX group presented higher values of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) than the RR/RX group (p < 0.05). The influence of ACTN3 R577X polymorphism on muscle damage and the inflammatory response was observed after an acute ST session, indicating that the RR/RX genotype shows more muscle damage and a catabolic profile due to a better performance in this activity, while the XX genotype shows more DOMS.
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Actinina , Fuerza Muscular , Mialgia , Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Actinina/genética , Genotipo , Hidrocortisona , Interleucina-8/genética , Fuerza Muscular/genética , Músculos/metabolismo , Mialgia/etiología , Mialgia/genética , Mialgia/metabolismo , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/efectos adversos , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , TestosteronaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to translate the techno-stress questionnaire proposed by Ragu Nathan et al into Brazilian Portuguese and to culturally adapt and validate it. For this, 4 of the 11 original questionnaires' domains were used. METHODS: The questionnaires' domains translated and adapted were as follows: techno-overload, techno-invasion, techno-complexity, and job satisfaction. Initially, the techno-stress questionnaire was translated into Brazilian Portuguese language according to international standards, followed by cultural adaptations. Validation for feasibility and psychometric properties of translated questionnaire was performed on 138 gynecologists and obstetricians who use message applications to communicate with patients. The physicians were divided into groups according to the weekly messaging application usage time for communication with patients: <2 h (GI, n=89), 2-5 h (GII, n=29), and >5 h (GIII, n=23). The questionnaire was applied to all participants twice on the same day, overseen by two different interviewers, at a 15-min interval. After 15 days, it was readministered. The discriminant validity and reliability were calculated to validate the instrument. RESULTS: Techno-stress subscales showed statistically significant differences between the groups. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the techno-stress questionnaire was >0.80, showing good internal consistency. No differences were observed in the test-retest comparison of the techno-stress questionnaire, and the intraclass correlation coefficient results showed excellent reproducibility (³0.75). CONCLUSION: The techno-stress questionnaire was adequately translated into Brazilian Portuguese, with good discriminant validity, good internal consistency, and adequate test-retest results.
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Lenguaje , Traducciones , Humanos , Brasil , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Psicometría , Comparación Transcultural , Calidad de VidaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the use of smartphones' messaging apps as a stressor affecting the well-being of gynecologists who use this tool to communicate with patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with gynecologists who use message applications to communicate with patients. Participants answered the WhatsApp Stress Scale, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, and the techno-stress questionnaire. The population sample consisted of gynecologists and obstetricians selected by convenience. RESULTS: Physicians who spent more time using WhatsApp to communicate with patients had higher levels of stress (p=0.010), Burnout (p<0.001), and techno-invasion score (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A positive association was found between the high frequency of WhatsApp usage for communication with patients and doctor's Burnout and stress, negatively influencing professional's well-being.
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Agotamiento Profesional , Médicos , Agotamiento Profesional/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Teléfono Inteligente , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the use of smartphones' messaging apps as a stressor affecting the well-being of gynecologists who use this tool to communicate with patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with gynecologists who use message applications to communicate with patients. Participants answered the WhatsApp Stress Scale, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, and the techno-stress questionnaire. The population sample consisted of gynecologists and obstetricians selected by convenience. RESULTS: Physicians who spent more time using WhatsApp to communicate with patients had higher levels of stress (p=0.010), Burnout (p<0.001), and techno-invasion score (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A positive association was found between the high frequency of WhatsApp usage for communication with patients and doctor's Burnout and stress, negatively influencing professional's well-being.
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Abstract Background: Sarcopenia is a disease that involves skeletal muscle mass loss and is highly prevalent in the older adult population. Moreover, the incidence of sarcopenia is increased in patients with hypertension. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the association between the classes of the drugs used for arterial hypertension treatment and the presence or absence of sarcopenia. Methods: 129 older adults with hypertension were evaluated by the researchers who registered the participants medication for arterial hypertension treatment. Sarcopenia level was measured by anthropometric parameters, muscular strength, and functional capacity. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc test and Fisher's exact test; statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: Age was not different between women with different levels of sarcopenia, but significant differences were observed between men with absent sarcopenia (66.8±4.2 years) and men with probable sarcopenia (77.0±10.2 years). Individuals with absent sarcopenia showed higher handgrip strength (men: 33.8±7.4, women: 23.2±4.6 Kgf) in comparison with those with sarcopenia (men with probable sarcopenia: 9.5±3.3 Kgf, women with probable, confirmed, and severe sarcopenia: 11.7±2.5, 12.2±3.0, 11.8±1.8 Kgf, respectively). The analysis showed an association between the type of medication and degree of sarcopenia; diuretics were significantly associated with probable sarcopenia, and angiotensin II receptor blockers (alone or in combination with diuretics) was associated with absence of sarcopenia. Conclusion: In conclusion, handgrip strength was a good method to diagnose sarcopenia, and diuretics were associated with increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults with hypertension.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Diuréticos/uso terapéutico , Sarcopenia/complicaciones , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Envejecimiento , Estudios Transversales , Diuréticos/efectos adversos , Sarcopenia/etiología , Antagonistas de Receptores de Angiotensina/efectos adversos , Antagonistas de Receptores de Angiotensina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Introdução: o câncer de mama é o tipo de câncer mais diagnosticado e a principal causa de morte entre as mulheres em todo o mundo. Aproximadamente 1,67 milhões de novos casos de câncer de mama foram diagnosticados em 2012, levando a mais de meio milhão de mortes. O câncer de mama foi responsável por 11,6% dos novos casos de cânceres diagnosticados (2.089 milhões) e 9,2% (787.000) das mortes relacionadas ao câncer para ambos os sexos e em todas as idades em todo o mundo em 2018.Objetivo: o câncer de mama como o carcinoma mais diagnosticado no mundo e a principal causa de morte entre as mulheres, é uma morbidade de grande importância, sendo o objetivo deste estudo avaliar a associação entre o polimorfismo do gene LOX G473A (rs1800449) a ocorrência de câncer de mama, potencialmente estabelecendo um novo achado na identificação de riscos, prevenção, e atendimento a um grupo específico de mulheres.Método: neste estudo de coorte retrospectivo, a frequência do polimorfismo LOX G473A foi avaliada em 148 mulheres com câncer de mama e 245 mulheres sem a doença. Todas as pacientes responderam a um questionário para identificação de possíveis fatores de risco e posteriormente realizaram coleta de sangue periférico para estudo do gene LOX. O DNA foi extraído seguido da amplificação gênica via PCR, e o polimorfismo foi estudado por eletroforese de fragmentos específicos após digestão das amostras com a endonuclease de restrição do organismo Providencia stuartii.Resultados: este estudo identificou o uso de anticoncepcional oral e o antecedente familiar de câncer de mama como fatores de risco par a doença; o polimorfismo G473A na LOX não foi identificado como fator de risco.Conclusão: não foi observada relação entre o polimorfismo LOX G473A e a ocorrência de câncer de mama.
Introduction: breast cancer is the most diagnosed type of cancer and the leading cause of death among women worldwide. Approximately 1.67 million new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in 2012, leading to more than half a million deaths. Breast cancer accounted for 11.6% of newly diagnosed cancers (2,089 million) and 9.2% (787,000) of cancer-related deaths for both sexes and at all ages worldwide in 2018.Objective: breast cancer, as the most diagnosed carcinoma in the world and the leading cause of death among women, is a morbidity of outstanding importance, and the object of this study is to evaluate the association between the LOX gene G473A (rs1800449) polymorphism and breast cancer occurrence, potentially establishing a new finding in the identification of risks, prevention, and care for a specific group of women.Methods:in this retrospective cohort study, LOX G473A polymorphism frequency was assessed in 148 women with breast cancer and 245 women without breast cancer. All patients completed a questionnaire to identify possible risk factors and subsequently underwent peripheral blood collection to study the LOX gene. DNA was extracted followed by gene amplification via PCR, and the polymorphism was studied by specific fragment electrophoresis after digestion of the samples with the restriction endonuclease Pstl.Results: this study identified the use of oral contraceptives and family history of breast cancer as risk factors for breast cancer; the G473A polymorphism in LOX was not identified as a risk factor.Conclusion: a relationship was not observed between the LOX G473A polymorphism and the occurrence of breast cancer.
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Abstract Objective Construction and validation of the WhatsApp Stress Scale (WASS), a questionnaire designed for physicians that measures how the use of smartphones and related software communication applications affects the quality of life of gynecologists who use this tool to communicate with patients. Methods The present cross-sectional observational study analyzed 60 gynecologists according to weekly WhatsApp usage time for communication with patients and compared the data with the perception of the doctor on the use of this virtual interaction as a stressor. Physicians were equally divided into three groups:<2hours, 2 to 5 hours, and>5 hours. The authors created a questionnaire in Likert scale format. The study proceeded in three phases: development of the questionnaire items, pretesting, constructing, and validity and reliability testing using factor analysis, Cronbach α coefficient, and paired t-test. Results A 9-item instrument using a 5-point Likert scale was created and administered to the participants in 3 different times: T0, T1 (15minutes after the end of T0), and T2 (15 days later). All questionnaire items possessed adequate content validity indices and the internal consistency of the instrument was satisfactory (Cronbach α 0.935; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.744-0.989; p=0.0001). No statistically significant differences were observed in the responses between the rounds of testing, indicating good test-retest reliability. A positive association between the high frequency of WhatsApp usage for communication with patients and the stress perceived by the doctor was shown. Conclusion The WASS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the use of messaging applications to communicate with patients as a stressor perceived by gynecologists.
Resumo Objetivo Construção e validação do WhatsApp Stress Scale (WASS, na sigla em inglês), questionário desenvolvido para médicos que avalia como o uso do smartphones e aplicativos de comunicação afetam a qualidade de vida dos ginecologistas que usam estas ferramentas para comunicação com pacientes. Métodos O presente estudo transversal observacional analisou 60 ginecologistas de acordo como tempo de uso semanal doWhatsApp para comunicação compacientes e comparou os dados de percepção dos médicos do uso desta interação virtual como agente estressor. Os profissionais foram igualmente divididos em 3 grupos:<2 horas, de 2 a 5 horas e>5 horas. Foi criado um questionário no formato de escala tipo Likert. O estudo procedeu em três fases: desenvolvimento dos itens do questionário, préteste, construção, validação de constructo e teste de confiabilidade usando análise fatorial, coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e teste t pareado. Resultados Um instrumento com 9 itens foi criado e administrado aos participantes em 3 tempos diferentes: T0, T1 (15 minutos após o término de T0) e T2 (15 dias depois). Todos os itens possuíam validade de conteúdo adequada e a consistência interna do instrumento foi satisfatória (alfa de Cronbach 0,935; intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 0,744-0,989; p=0,0001). Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as rodadas de teste, indicando boa confiabilidade teste-reteste. Foi demonstrada uma associação positiva entre maior tempo de uso do WhatsApp para comunicação com pacientes e estresse percebido pelos médicos. Conclusão O WASS demonstra ser um instrumento válido e confiável para avaliar o uso de aplicativos de mensagens para comunicação médico-paciente como agente estressor percebido pelo ginecologista.
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Humanos , Femenino , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Aplicaciones Móviles , Teléfono Inteligente , Estrés LaboralRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Construction and validation of the WhatsApp Stress Scale (WASS), a questionnaire designed for physicians that measures how the use of smartphones and related software communication applications affects the quality of life of gynecologists who use this tool to communicate with patients. METHODS: The present cross-sectional observational study analyzed 60 gynecologists according to weekly WhatsApp usage time for communication with patients and compared the data with the perception of the doctor on the use of this virtual interaction as a stressor. Physicians were equally divided into three groups: < 2 hours, 2 to 5 hours, and > 5 hours. The authors created a questionnaire in Likert scale format. The study proceeded in three phases: development of the questionnaire items, pretesting, constructing, and validity and reliability testing using factor analysis, Cronbach α coefficient, and paired t-test. RESULTS: A 9-item instrument using a 5-point Likert scale was created and administered to the participants in 3 different times: T0, T1 (15 minutes after the end of T0), and T2 (15 days later). All questionnaire items possessed adequate content validity indices and the internal consistency of the instrument was satisfactory (Cronbach α 0.935; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.744-0.989; p = 0.0001). No statistically significant differences were observed in the responses between the rounds of testing, indicating good test-retest reliability. A positive association between the high frequency of WhatsApp usage for communication with patients and the stress perceived by the doctor was shown. CONCLUSION: The WASS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the use of messaging applications to communicate with patients as a stressor perceived by gynecologists.
OBJETIVO: Construção e validação do WhatsApp Stress Scale (WASS, na sigla em inglês), questionário desenvolvido para médicos que avalia como o uso do smartphones e aplicativos de comunicação afetam a qualidade de vida dos ginecologistas que usam estas ferramentas para comunicação com pacientes. MéTODOS: O presente estudo transversal observacional analisou 60 ginecologistas de acordo com o tempo de uso semanal do WhatsApp para comunicação com pacientes e comparou os dados de percepção dos médicos do uso desta interação virtual como agente estressor. Os profissionais foram igualmente divididos em 3 grupos: < 2 horas, de 2 a 5 horas e > 5 horas. Foi criado um questionário no formato de escala tipo Likert. O estudo procedeu em três fases: desenvolvimento dos itens do questionário, pré-teste, construção, validação de constructo e teste de confiabilidade usando análise fatorial, coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e teste t pareado. RESULTADOS: Um instrumento com 9 itens foi criado e administrado aos participantes em 3 tempos diferentes: T0, T1 (15 minutos após o término de T0) e T2 (15 dias depois). Todos os itens possuíam validade de conteúdo adequada e a consistência interna do instrumento foi satisfatória (alfa de Cronbach 0,935; intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 0,7440,989; p = 0,0001). Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as rodadas de teste, indicando boa confiabilidade teste-reteste. Foi demonstrada uma associação positiva entre maior tempo de uso do WhatsApp para comunicação com pacientes e estresse percebido pelos médicos. CONCLUSãO: O WASS demonstra ser um instrumento válido e confiável para avaliar o uso de aplicativos de mensagens para comunicação médico-paciente como agente estressor percebido pelo ginecologista.
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Médicos , Calidad de Vida , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Psicometría , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenia is characterized by the reduction of skeletal muscle mass and its functionality. Several of the parameters that influence sarcopenia are modified by strength training. OBJECTIVE: To review the effects of different strength training protocols (frequency, duration, and intensity) on parameters that influence sarcopenia. METHODS: This is a systematic review of original, quantitative, observational studies, published between 2010 in 2020, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, and indexed in the SciELO, PubMed, and CAPES databases. The terms used search were: "muscle strenght" ("força muscular", "fuerza muscular"), "sarcopenia" ("sarcopenia"), "aging" ("envelhecimento", "envejecimiento"), "olders" ("idosos", "ancianos"), "strength training" ("treinamento de força/resistência", "entrenamiento de fuerza"). 215 articles were retrieved and 11 met the inclusion criteria, being included in the review. RESULTS: Among the 11 studies analyzed, it is observed that strength training applied in different protocols was efficient in improving parameters such as muscle mass and strength, body balance, and performance in diagnostic tests of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION: This review highlights the benefits of the practice of strength exercise in different protocols on parameters that influence the onset of sarcopenia in older adults. The exercise of strength is presented as an applicable, practical, and non-pharmacological means of preventing sarcopenia.
INTRODUÇÃO: A sarcopenia é considerada uma patologia caracterizada pela redução da massa muscular esquelética e da sua funcionalidade, sendo que vários dos parâmetros que influenciam sobre a sarcopenia sofrem interferência do treinamento de força. OBJETIVO: Revisar os efeitos dos diferentes protocolos de treinamento de força (frequência, duração e intensidade) sobre parâmetros influenciadores da sarcopenia. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de estudos originais, quantitativos, observacionais, publicados entre 2010 a 2020, em inglês, espanhol e português, e indexados nas bases de dados SciELO, PubMed e periódico CAPES. Os descritores utilizados foram: "força muscular" ("muscle strenght", "fuerza muscular"), "sarcopenia" ("sarcopenia"), "envelhecimento" ("aging", "envejecimiento"), "idosos" ("olders, "ancianos"), "treinamento de força/resistência" ("strength training", "entrenamiento de fuerza"). Foram recuperados 215 artigos, entre eles 11 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, sendo incluídos na revisão. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 11 estudos analisados, observa-se que o treinamento de força aplicado em diferentes protocolos foi eficiente em aperfeiçoar parâmetros como massa e força musculares, equilíbrio corporal e desempenho em testes diagnósticos de sarcopenia. CONCLUSÃO: Esta revisão evidencia os benefícios da prática de exercício de força em diferentes protocolos sobre parâmetros que influenciam na instalação do quadro de sarcopenia em idosos. O exercício de força se apresenta como meio aplicável, prático e não farmacológico da prevenção de sarcopenia.
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Humanos , Anciano , Salud del Anciano , Entrenamiento de Fuerza , Sarcopenia , Resistencia Física , Ejercicio Físico , Equilibrio Postural , Fuerza Muscular , Rendimiento Físico FuncionalRESUMEN
Continues subculturing of in vitro plant subcultures is essential for commercial micropropagation and tissue culture research. In unusual situations, the subcultures can be delayed, and the slow-growth in vitro storage technic could be applied to reduce the loss of plant material. The present study aimed to evaluate the slow-growth in vitro storage of banana plantlets ('Prata Catarina'; group AAB) under different light spectra. Shoot cultures in MS medium without plant growth regulators were maintained under blue (B), red (R), red plus blue (R2B), and white (CW) light spectra (25 °C ± 2 °C; 50 µmol m-2 s-1) for up to 140 days. The plantlets maintained under the R, CW, and R2B spectra suffered severe root damage and browning after 140 days of in vitro slow-growth storage (SGS). All plantlets maintained under the B spectrum survived after 140 days of in vitro SGS and showed little browning.
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BACKGROUND: Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) can be an important non-pharmacological strategy in the treatment of arterial hypertension. Both aerobic and resistance exercises produce PEH, but it is not clear if the exercise environment can lead to a higher PEH. OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis investigated whether a session of aquatic exercise (AE) induces PEH in comparison with control conditions such as land exercise (LE) or rest in hypertensive subjects. METHODS: The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements made in randomized clinical trials were pooled to compare PEH induced by AE with LE and rest conditions in hypertensive subjects. RESULTS: Data from four trials were included, which comprised 127 participants (94 women and 33 men). A 24-h analysis did not detect significant differences between AE and LE or rest for either systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Monitoring during the night showed that AE induced significant PEH in comparison with LE for SBP [-8.6 (-15.0 to -1.5) mmHg (p = 0.01)]. For DBP, the AE had pronounced PEH during the night in comparison with LE [-3.7 (-4.7 to -2.8) mmHg, p = 0.000] and rest [-1.7 (-1.9 to -0.8) mmHg, p = 0.000]. There were no differences in daytime values. CONCLUSION: AE showed a higher PEH effect than LE sessions and rest conditions. PEH was observed in both SBP and DBP during the night. The number of studies was low, but all studies included in this meta-analysis used 24-h monitoring. The understanding of clinical relevance of AE, inducing a higher PEH, depends on a standardization of exercise protocols plus a rigorous monitoring of blood pressure. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration: CRD42021271928.