Locomotion and morphological adaptations in the glass lizard Ophiodes cf. fragilis (Raddi, 1820) (Squamata: Anguidae).

There are few studies related to the biological and ecological aspects of the glass snake, a limbless lizard and with a wide geographic distribution. The aim of this study was to analyze the locomotion mode of specimens of Ophiodes cf. fragilis in different substrates and to investigate the morphological adaptations associated with this type of behavior. We observed that the analyzed specimens presented slide-push locomotion modes and lateral undulation in different substrates, using their hind limbs to aid locomotion in three of the four substrates analyzed. The bones of the hind limbs (proximal - femur - and distal - tibia and fibula) were present and highly reduced and the femur is connected to a thin pelvic girdle. Our data support that hind limbs observed in species of this genus are reduced rather than vestigial. The costocutaneous musculature was macroscopically absent. This is the first study of locomotor behavior and morphology associated with locomotion in Ophiodes, providing important information for studies on morphological evolution in the genus.

Secretogranin III Selectively Promotes Vascular Leakage in the Deep Vascular Plexus of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults, induces mosaic patterns of vasculopathy that may be associated with spatial heterogeneity of intraretinal endothelial cells. We recently reported that secretogranin III (Scg3), a neuron-derived angiogenic and vascular leakage factor, selectively binds retinal vessels of diabetic but not healthy mice. Here, we investigated endothelial heterogeneity of three retinal vascular plexuses in DR pathogenesis and the therapeutic implications. Our unique in vivo ligand binding assay detected a 22.7-fold increase in Scg3 binding to retinal vessels of diabetic mice relative to healthy mice. Functional immunohistochemistry revealed that Scg3 predominantly binds to the DR-stressed CD31- deep retinal vascular plexus but not to the relatively healthy CD31+ superficial and intermediate plexuses within the same diabetic retina. In contrast, VEGF bound to healthy and diabetic retinal vessels indiscriminately with low activity. FITC-dextran assays indicated that selectively increased retinal vascular leakage coincides with Scg3 binding in diabetic mice that was independent of VEGF, whereas VEGF-induced leakage did not distinguish between diabetic and healthy mice. Dose-response curves showed that the anti-Scg3 humanized antibody (hAb) and anti-VEGF aflibercept alleviated DR leakage with equivalent efficacies, and that the combination acted synergistically. These findings suggest: (i) the deep plexus is highly sensitive to DR; (ii) Scg3 binding to the DR deep plexus coincides with the loss of CD31 and compromised endothelial junctions; (iii) anti-Scg3 hAb alleviates vascular leakage by selectively targeting the DR-stressed deep plexus within the same diabetic retina; (iv) combined anti-Scg3 and anti-VEGF treatments synergistically ameliorate DR through distinct mechanisms.

Efficacy of telemedicine interventions for depression and anxiety in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Anxiety and depression are prevalent in the elderly and lead to loss of functionality and increased mortality. Although the use of antidepressants and face-to-face psychotherapies are indicated, the current context of telemedicine provides an alternative, with the advantage of facilitating access to care. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of telemedicine interventions to reduce anxiety and depression in the elderly through a systematic review with meta-analysis. METHODS: The systematic review, through a search in 7 databases, included studies that evaluated the use of telemedicine interventions for depressive or anxious symptoms in the elderly, compared with usual care or waiting list or with another telemedicine intervention. Quantitative assessment was performed through meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 31 articles identified in the search met the eligibility criteria and four were included for meta-analysis. Studies showed that telemedicine interventions are feasible and several studies demonstrated significant improvement in depressive or anxiety symptoms. Four studies evaluated the efficacy of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for depression and anxiety in older adults, compared with a waitlist, and found pooled effect sizes of -1.20 (95% CI -1.60 to -0.81) and -1.14 (95% CI -1.56 to -0.72), respectively, with low heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: Telemedicine interventions can be an alternative for the treatment of mood and anxiety symptoms in the elderly. However, more studies are needed to prove their clinical effectiveness, especially in countries with lower incomes and diverse culture and education.

Development of a dedicated Golden Gate Assembly Platform (RtGGA) for Rhodotorula toruloides.

Rhodotorula toruloides is a potential chassis for microbial cell factories as this yeast can metabolise different substrates into a diverse range of natural products, but the lack of efficient synthetic biology tools hinders its applicability. In this study, the modular, versatile and efficient Golden Gate DNA assembly system (RtGGA) was adapted to the first basidiomycete, an oleaginous yeast R. toruloides. R. toruloides CCT 0783 was sequenced, and used for the GGA design. The DNA fragments were assembled with predesigned 4-nt overhangs and a library of standardized parts was created containing promoters, genes, terminators, insertional regions, and resistance genes. The library was combined to create cassettes for the characterization of promoters strength and to overexpress the carotenoid production pathway. A variety of reagents, plasmids, and strategies were used and the RtGGA proved to be robust. The RtGGA was used to build three versions of the carotenoid overexpression cassette by using different promoter combinations. The cassettes were transformed into R. toruloides and the three new strains were characterized. Total carotenoid concentration increased by 41%. The dedicated GGA platform fills a gap in the advanced genome engineering toolkit for R. toruloides, enabling the efficient design of complex metabolic pathways.

Fluxo migratório em Mato Grosso do Sul no período da pandemia covid-19 (2019-2022) / Migration flow in Mato Grosso do Sul during the covid-19 pandemic period (2019-2022)

Os fluxos migratórios (FMs) sempre estiveram presentes na história humana, sejam condicionados a uma vontade pessoal ou de modo forçado e imposto. Este fluxo é impulsionado tanto pela globalização e as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação, bem como pelas crises e conflitos que cada país enfrenta internamente.

O consumo de substâncias psicoativas entre pessoas idosas: um olhar complexo / The consumption of psychoactive substances among older adults: a complex perspective / El consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en personas mayores: una mirada compleja

OBJETIVO: descrever o padrão de consumo de substâncias psicoativas entre pessoas idosas sob a ótica da complexidade. Método: qualitativo do tipo estudo de caso múltiplo, realizado com onze pessoas idosas no domicílio/serviço de saúde; os dados foram coletados através de documentos, observação assistemática e entrevista semiestruturada; foram analisados de forma geral, analítica e teórica por meio da comparação dos casos; teve como eixo teórico a complexidade, sendo aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa. RESULTADOS: quanto ao padrão de consumo de substâncias psicoativas foram achados dois temas: encontro com a substância, que identificou pessoas idosas utilizando substâncias lícitas e ilícitas, e formas de consumo; consequências e motivações do consumo e/ou abandono das drogas. São consequências as perdas materiais/econômicas e criminalidade e motivações a socialização e fuga do estresse/ansiedade. Os idosos que pararam ou diminuíram o consumo aderiram à estratégia de redução de danos. CONCLUSÃO: evidenciou-se o consumo de substâncias psicoativas por pessoas idosas, verificando-se espaço para o sucesso de intervenções de saúde/enfermagem com a criação de ações/programas de abordagem específica para redução de danos.

OBJECTIVE: to describe the pattern of consumption of psychoactive substances among older adults from the perspective of complexity. METHOD: a qualitative survey of the multiple-case study type, carried out with eleven older adults at their homes and/or at a health service; data was collected through documents, unsystematic observation and semi-structured interview; they were analyzed in a general, analytical and theoretical way by comparing the cases; its theoretical axis was complexity, being approved by the research ethics committee. RESULTS: regarding the pattern of consumption of psychoactive substances, two themes were found: encounter with the substance, which identified older adults using legal and illegal substances, and forms of consumption; consequences and motivations of drug use and/or abandonment. Consequences are material/economic losses and crime, and motivations for socialization and escape from stress/anxiety. The older adults who stopped or reduced their consumption adhered to the harm reduction strategy. CONCLUSION: the consumption of psychoactive substances by older adults was evidenced, with space for the success of health/nursing interventions, with the creation of actions/programs with a specific approach to harm reduction.

OBJETIVO: describir el patrón de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en personas mayores desde la perspectiva de la complejidad. MÉTODO: estudio cualitativo, de tipo caso múltiple, realizado con once ancianos en el domicilio/servicio de salud; los datos se recopilaron a través de documentos, observación no sistemática y entrevista semiestructurada; se analizaron de forma general, analítica y teórica comparando los casos; su eje teórico fue la complejidad, siendo aprobado por el comité de ética en investigación. RESULTADOS: en cuanto al patrón de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, se encontraron dos temas: contacto con la sustancia, que identificó a personas mayores que consumen sustancias legales e ilegales, y formas de consumo; consecuencias y motivaciones del consumo y/o abandono de las drogas. Las consecuencias son pérdidas materiales/económicas y delitos, y motivaciones para socializar y escapar del estrés/ansiedad. Las personas mayores que suspendieron o disminuyeron su consumo se adhirieron a la estrategia de reducción de daños. CONCLUSIÓN: se evidenció el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas por los adultos mayores, con espacio para el éxito de las intervenciones de salud/enfermería, con la creación de acciones/programas con un enfoque específico de reducción de daños.

Mapeamento cruzado dos diagnósticos de Enfermagem em terapia intensiva cardiovascular, na perspectiva de Callista Roy / Cross-mapping of nursing diagnoses in cardiovascular intensive care, from the perspective of Callista Roy / Mapeo transversal de diagnósticos de enfermería en cuidados intensivos cardiovasculares, desde la perspectiva de Callista Roy

Objetivo: Mapear os diagnósticos de enfermagem levantados pelos enfermeiros, com o uso da Taxonomia NANDA-I, para pacientes internados em um Centro de Terapia Intensiva Cardiovascular, na perspectiva da Teoria Adaptativa de Callista Roy. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, exploratória, descritiva e de abordagem quantitativa, mediante análise retrospectiva dos registros de enfermagem em prontuários eletrônicos de pacientes com o uso do mapeamento cruzado. Resultados: Foram identificados 677 termos e expressões que se referiam a 28 diagnósticos de enfermagem diferentes da Taxonomia da NANDA-I e 09 necessidades do modo fisiológico da Teoria Adaptativa de Callista Roy. Conclusão: A utilização do modelo adaptativo de Callista Roy possibilitou a identificação das necessidades do modo fisiológico, a partir de 28 diagnósticos de enfermagem diferentes, dos pacientes internados no Centro de Terapia Intensiva Cardiovascular em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardiovascular. Esse estudo é útil como reflexão sobre quais necessidades, vulnerabilidades e suscetibilidades os pacientes apresentam após serem submetidos a procedimentos cardiovasculares, assim como, organizar a assistência de enfermagem visando à melhoria clínica do paciente e consequentemente a qualidade da assistência. (AU)

Objective: To map the nursing diagnoses raised by nurses, using the NANDA-I Taxonomy, for patients admitted to a Cardiovascular Intensive Care Center, from the perspective of Callista Roy's Adaptive Theory. Methods: This is a documentary, exploratory, descriptive and quantitative approach, through a retrospective analysis of nursing records in electronic medical records of patients using cross-mapping. Results: 677 terms and expressions were identified that referred to 28 nursing diagnoses different from NANDA-I Taxonomy and 09 needs in the physiological mode of Callista Roy's Adaptive Theory. Conclusion: The use of Callista Roy's adaptive model made it possible to identify the needs in the physiological way, based on 28 different nursing diagnoses, of patients admitted to the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Center in the postoperative period of cardiovascular surgery. This study is useful as a reflection on what needs, vulnerabilities and susceptibilities patients have after undergoing cardiovascular procedures, as well as organizing nursing care aimed at the clinical improvement of the patient and, consequently, the quality of care. (AU)

Objetivo: Mapear los diagnósticos de enfermería planteados por enfermeras, utilizando la Taxonomía NANDA-I, para pacientes ingresados en un Centro de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiovasculares, desde la perspectiva de la Teoría Adaptativa de Callista Roy. Métodos: Se trata de un abordaje documental, exploratorio, descriptivo y cuantitativo, mediante un análisis retrospectivo de los registros de enfermería en los registros médicos electrónicos de los pacientes mediante mapeo cruzado. Resultados: Se identificaron 677 términos y expresiones que se referían a 28 diagnósticos de enfermería diferentes de la Taxonomía NANDA-I y 09 necesidades en la modalidad fisiológica de la Teoría Adaptativa de Callista Roy. Conclusión: El uso del modelo adaptativo de Callista Roy permitió identificar de forma fisiológica, a partir de 28 diagnósticos de enfermería diferentes, las necesidades de los pacientes ingresados en el Centro de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiovasculares en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardiovascular. Este estudio es útil como reflexión sobre qué necesidades, vulnerabilidades y susceptibilidades tienen los pacientes luego de ser sometidos a procedimientos cardiovasculares, así como para organizar cuidados de enfermería orientados a la mejora clínica del paciente y, en consecuencia, la calidad de la atención. (AU)

Screening and Growth Characterization of Non-conventional Yeasts in a Hemicellulosic Hydrolysate.

Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive raw material for the sustainable production of chemicals and materials using microbial cell factories. Most of the existing bioprocesses focus on second-generation ethanol production using genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae, however, this microorganism is naturally unable to consume xylose. Moreover, extensive metabolic engineering has to be carried out to achieve high production levels of industrially relevant building blocks. Hence, the use of non-Saccharomyces species, or non-conventional yeasts, bearing native metabolic routes, allows conversion of a wide range of substrates into different products, and higher tolerance to inhibitors improves the efficiency of biorefineries. In this study, nine non-conventional yeast strains were selected and screened on a diluted hemicellulosic hydrolysate from Birch. Kluyveromyces marxianus CBS 6556, Scheffersomyces stipitis CBS 5773, Lipomyces starkeyi DSM 70295, and Rhodotorula toruloides CCT 7815 were selected for further characterization, where their growth and substrate consumption patterns were analyzed under industrially relevant substrate concentrations and controlled environmental conditions in bioreactors. K. marxianus CBS 6556 performed poorly under higher hydrolysate concentrations, although this yeast was determined among the fastest-growing yeasts on diluted hydrolysate. S. stipitis CBS 5773 demonstrated a low growth and biomass production while consuming glucose, while during the xylose-phase, the specific growth and sugar co-consumption rates were among the highest of this study (0.17 h-1 and 0.37 g/gdw*h, respectively). L. starkeyi DSM 70295 and R. toruloides CCT 7815 were the fastest to consume the provided sugars at high hydrolysate conditions, finishing them within 54 and 30 h, respectively. R. toruloides CCT 7815 performed the best of all four studied strains and tested conditions, showing the highest specific growth (0.23 h-1), substrate co-consumption (0.73 ± 0.02 g/gdw*h), and xylose consumption (0.22 g/gdw*h) rates. Furthermore, R. toruloides CCT 7815 was able to produce 10.95 ± 1.37 gL-1 and 1.72 ± 0.04 mgL-1 of lipids and carotenoids, respectively, under non-optimized cultivation conditions. The study provides novel information on selecting suitable host strains for biorefinery processes, provides detailed information on substrate consumption patterns, and pinpoints to bottlenecks possible to address using metabolic engineering or adaptive evolution experiments.

Morphological and biological variations of the glass snake Ophiodes striatus (Spix, 1825) (Squamata, Anguidae) from southeastern Brazil.

Lizards of the Ophiodes genus, popularly known as glass snakes, are exclusively Neotropical. Despite their wide geographic distribution, glass snakes are poorly studied and there are many knowledge gaps in their biology and ecology to be filled. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyze possible sexual and population morphological differences of Ophiodes striatus specimens collected from different municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 63 specimens belonging to the Herpetological Collection of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora - Reptiles (CHUFJF-Reptiles), collected between 1995 and 2015 were analyzed. All the specimens were necropsied and morphometric measures related to body and head were measured. The males and females analyzed showed similar morphometric measures, and there was no size-related sexual dimorphism. Principal component analysis did not group the analyzed specimens by sex or locality. A positive correlation was observed between the snout-vent length and the vestigial limb length. The present study brings new information related to sexual dimorphism and population morphometric variation of O. striatus, adding information that will help in better understanding the ecology, biology and evolution of the genus in Brazil.

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Dementia Associated with Increased Psychological Distress in Caregivers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The social isolation imposed by COVID-19 pandemic can have a major impact on the mental health of dementia patients and their caregivers. OBJECTIVE: We aim to evaluate the neurological decline of patients with dementia and the caregivers' burden during the pandemic. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study. Caregivers of dementia patients following in the outpatient clinic were included. A structured telephone interview composed of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Beck Depression (BDI) and Anxiety (BAI) Inventories to address cognitive, behavioral, and functional changes associated with social distancing during the Sars-Cov-2 outbreak. Patients were divided in two groups according to caregivers' report: with perceived Altered Cognition (AC) and Stable Cognition (SC). RESULTS: A total of 58 patients (median age: 57 years [21-87], 58.6%females) and caregivers (median age: 76.5 years [55-89], 79.3%females) were included. Cognitive decline was shown by most patients (53.4%), as well as behavioral symptoms (48.3%), especially apathy/depression (24.1%), and functional decline (34.5%). The AC group (n = 31) presented increased behavioral (67.7%versus 25.9%, p = 0.002) and functional (61.3%versus 3.7%, p < 0.001) changes when compared to the SC group. In the AC group, ZBI, BDI, NPI-Q caregiver distress, and NPI-Q patient's severity of symptoms scores were worse than the SC group (p < 0.005 for all). CONCLUSION: Patients' neuropsychiatric worsening and caregiver burden were frequent during the pandemic. Worsening of cognition was associated with increased caregivers' psychological distress.

Influence of pesticides in reproductive aspects of Tropidurus torquatus in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Intense agricultural activity in recent years has resulted in a greater use of pesticides in order to improve productivity. However, these pesticides may contain some pollutant component in their composition. Once present in the environment and/or in excess, they can cause damage to the local flora and fauna. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interference of pesticides in the reproductive aspects of male and female specimens collected in two distinct sampling sites and propose a methodology to investigate pesticide effects associated with the reproduction at a macroscopic level for reptile specimens from zoological collection. The results showed that males located in the area with the use of agricultural pesticides had a lower testicle volume compared with the ones located in the area that did not use pesticides. However, no difference was found regarding the volume of eggs compared at the same stage and the average clutch size of each population. Therefore, the present study indicates the analyzed pesticides might influence the reproduction of the studied males. Despite no evident alterations in egg volume and quantity in the area with pesticide use, our findings suggest further studies on the structure and composition of eggshell and yolk in order to assess the effects of pesticides on their viability.

Risco e medo de quedas em idosos de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul: características sociodemográficas e funcionais / Risk and fear of falls in the elderly of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul: sociodemographic and functional characteristics

A execução das atividades de vida diária e as quedas são fatores relacionados diretamente com a qualidade de vida, podendo influenciar na independência e autonomia de idosos. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as atividades de vida diária, o risco e o medo de queda em idosos de Campo Grande/MS. Estudo transversal, realizado com 32 idosos de ambos sexos, idade ≥60 anos e participantes do programa Universidade Aberta a Pessoa Idosa, durante o período de abril a setembro de 2018. Como critério de inclusão era necessária uma pontuação ≥19 pontos no Mini Exame do Estado Mental. Instrumentos utilizados: Questionário sociodemográfico; Índice de Katz; Escala de Lawton-Brody; Escala de Downton que avalia o risco de queda e Escala Internacional de Eficácia de Queda (FES-I-BRASIL) que avalia o medo de cair. Pelo Índice de Katz a maioria dos idosos eram independentes (84,4%). A Escala de Lawton-Brody classificou a maioria dos idosos como independentes (53,1%) e parcialmente dependentes (46,9%). Na escala de Downton a faixa etária de 70 a 82 anos atingiu uma pontuação de (3,6±1,5) apresentando alto risco de queda, na FES-I-BRASIL idosos do sexo feminino alcançaram (25,6±6,6) pontos, demonstrando um maior medo de cair. Houve relação entre as escalas FES-I-BRASIL e Lawton-Brody (r = -0,443/p = 0,011), ou seja, quanto maior a execução de atividades instrumentais de vida diária, menor é a preocupação em cair. Idosos com faixa etária mais avançada possuem maior risco de queda e aqueles do sexo feminino tiveram maior preocupação em cair que seus pares.

The carrying out activities of daily life and falls are factors directly related to quality of life, which can influence the independence and autonomy of elderly people. The objective of the study was to evaluate activities of daily living, risk and fear of falling in elderly people in Campo Grande, MS. This was a cross-sectional study, carried out with 32 elderly men and women, age ≥60 years and were participants in the Open University for the Elderly program, from April to September 2018. A Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥19 points was considered as the inclusion criterion. Instruments used were: Sociodemographic questionnaire; Katz index; Lawton-Brody scale; Downton scale that assesses the risk of falling and the Falls Efficacy Scale ­ International (FES-I-BRASIL) which assesses the fear of falling. According to the Katz Index, most elderly people were independent (84.4%). The Lawton-Brody Scale classified the majority of the elderly participants as independent (53.1%) and partially dependent (46.9%). On the Downton scale, the age group from 70 to 82 years old reached a score of (3.6±1.5) demonstrating a high risk of falling, at FES-I-BRASIL female elderly reached (25.6±6.6) points, showing a greater fear of falling. There was a relationship between the FES-I-BRASIL and Lawton-Brody scales (r=-0.443/ p=0.011), that is, the more thy carrying out crucial activities of daily living, the lower their concern is with falling. Elderly people in a more advanced age group have a higher risk of falling and female participants were more concerned about falling than their male peers.

Exercise program on the health of people with epilepsy: protocol of a randomized controlled trial study

Abstract Aim: This study aimed to describe an experimental protocol to evaluate how a structured exercise program can impact on the health of people with epilepsy. Methods: For this purpose, a randomized control trial will be conducted in the city of Pelotas, southern Brazil. Participants will be randomized into two groups: 1) Control- maintain usual activities, and 2) Exercise- a structured exercise program, with two 60-minute sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The intervention will be composed by warm-up (5-minutes), moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (15-20 minutes, performed on a treadmill), resistance training (2-3 sets, 10-15 repetitions), and 5-minutes of stretching exercises. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical information, cognitive function, anthropometric measurements (weight, height, hip and waist circumferences), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), and strength (dynamometer) will be measured at baseline and 12-week post-intervention. Participants will receive a diary to record their seizures throughout the study. Results: A structured exercise program is expected to generate beneficial health effects, and the results can assist in health professionals' clinical practice for people with epilepsy.

Picolés hiperprotéicos e hipercalóricos são uma boa alternativa dietética no tratamento de pacientes em terapia antineoplásica ambulatorial? / Are hypercaloric and hyperproteic popsicles a good dietetic alternative for outpatients on chemotherapy treatment?

INTRODUÇÃO: A quimioterapia é um dos tratamentos para o câncer e os efeitos adversos implicam na alteração do paladar e redução da ingestão alimentar. Dentre as possibilidades de intervenção dietética, a oferta de suplementos e alimentos de maior densidade energética é uma alternativa. OBJETIVO: Analisar as características sensoriais dos suplementos hipercalóricos e hiperproteicos na forma de picolé. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal, realizado com pacientes maiores de 18 anos, em tratamento quimioterápico ambulatorial. Foram obtidos dos prontuários dados como: idade, sexo, diagnóstico e comorbidades. O picolé foi produzido à base de alimentos lácteos, sacarose e módulo proteico. Contém aproximadamente 127 kcal e 8g de proteína. Foram oferecidos nos sabores leite, frutas e chocolate durante a quimioterapia. A análise sensorial foi feita com escala hedônica de 5 pontos para atributos: doçura, coloração, sabor, sabor residual, além de questionados sobre intenção de consumo e sentimentos. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 33 pacientes, entre 33 e 76 anos, prevalecendo o sexo feminino (60%), diagnosticados com neoplasias hematológicas e tumores sólidos, sendo os mais presentes leucemia, linfoma, câncer de mama e de próstata. Quanto à análise sensorial, os picolés tiveram boa aceitação por parte da maioria dos pacientes. Cerca de 97% avaliou como "gostei muito" e "gostei ligeiramente" na aceitação global. Os atributos analisados tiveram aproximadamente 84% de nota 3, considerados dentro do ideal. A maioria dos participantes (84%) relataram que consumiriam "com frequência" ou "sempre" e 94% relataram se sentirem satisfeitos ao provar o picolé. Na questão aberta todos expressaram sentimentos positivos em relação ao picolé, relatando se sentirem bem, alegres e felizes. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando a boa avaliação sensorial dos picolés, estes poderão contribuir na melhora da ingestão alimentar energético-proteica

INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy is one of the cancer treatments and its adverse effects can induce taste alteration and reduction of food intake. Among the possible dietetic interventions, the offering of food supplements and higher density preparations is an alternative. OBJECTIVES: analise the sensory characteristics of hypercaloric and hyperproteic food supplements in the shape of popsicles. METHODS: cross-sectional study, conducted with adult outpatients over 18 years, in chemotherapy treatment. Data was collected from patients' medical records, such as age, gender, diagnosis and comorbidities. The popsicle was made out of dairy, sugar and proteic protein module. Contains aproximadamente 127 kcal and 8 g of protein. The flavours offered where milk, fruit and chocolate. The sensory analysis was carried out based on a scale of 5 point for the attributes sweetness, color, flavour and residual flavour. Moreover, patients where asked regarding consumption intention and feelings. RESULTS: 33 outpatients from 33 to 76 years of age where evalued, with a prevalence of women (60%), diagnosed with hematological cancer or tumors. The most present diagnosis where leukemia, lymphoma, breast and prostate cancer. Regarding sensory analysis, the popsicles where well accepted by most of the patients. About 97% evaluated as "liked a lot" or "liked slightly". Most of participants (84%) reported that they would consume "frequently" or "always" and 94% reported feeling satisfied while tasting the popsicle. In the open question, all of the patients described positive feelings related to the popsicles (felt well, happy). CONCLUSION: considering the good results on the sensory analysis, the popsicles may contribute in the improvement of energy and protein intake

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Atuação profissional nas urgências/emergências em unidades básicas de saúde / Professional performance in urgencies/emergencies on basic units of health / Actuación profesional en las urgencias/emergencias en unidades básicas de salud

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção dos profissionais de saúde e a sua atuação frente a uma situação de urgência/ emergência dentro da atenção básica, bem como as facilidades e dificuldades nessa atuação. Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, qualitativo, desenvolvido com nove profissionais atuantes em duas unidades de atenção primária, da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados coletados nos meses de abril e maio de 2017, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada, foram submetidos a análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: Emergiram quatro categorias: Situações de urgência/emergências atendidas nas unidades de atenção primária; Déficit no ensino de urgência e emergência durante formação profissional; Déficit de recursos materiais; Importância da educação permanente e protocolos para aperfeiçoar o atendimento de urgência e emergência na atenção primária. Conclusão: Torna-se necessário maiores investimentos acerca das questões relacionadas ao atendimento de urgência, emergência e trauma para profissionais da Atenção Primária

Objective: The object of this study it is to know the health professional's perception and their performance in the face of an urgent situation within basic care, as well the facilities and difficulties in this action. Methods: It is an exploratory study, descriptive and qualitative, developed with nine actuators in two primary attention units, in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. The data were collected in the months of April and May 2017, through a semi-structured interview they were submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: Four categories emerged: Urgency/ emergencies situations attended in primary care units; Deficit in urgency and emergency education during vocational training; Deficit of material resources; Importance of continuing education and protocols to improve urgency and emergency assistance in primary care. Conclusion: It is necessary to invest more about the issues related to urgency, emergency and trauma care for primary care professionals

Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de los profesionales de la salud y su actuación frente a una situación de urgencia/emergencia dentro de la atención básica, así como las facilidades y dificultades en esa actuación. Método: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, cualitativo, desarrollado con nueve profesionales actuantes en dos unidades de atención primaria, de la región central de Rio Grande do Sul. Los datos recogidos en los meses de abril y mayo de 2017, a través de una entrevista siniestradas, fueron sometidos a análisis temáticos de contenido. Resultados: emergieron cuatro categorías: Situaciones de urgencia/ emergencias atendidas en las unidades de atención primaria; Déficit en la enseñanza de urgencia y emergencia durante la formación profesional; Déficit de recursos materiales; Importancia de la educación permanente y protocolos para perfeccionar la atención de urgencia y emergencia en la atención primaria. Conclusión: Se hace necesario mayor inversión sobre las cuestiones relacionadas con la atención de urgencia, emergencia y trauma para profesionales de la Atención Primaria

Segurança e Benefício do Uso de Probióticos em Pacientes Submetidos ao TCTH: Revisão Integrativa / Safety and Benefit of Using Probiotics in Patients Undergoing HSCT: Integrative Review / Seguridad y Beneficio del Uso de Probióticos en Pacientes Sometidos al TCTH: Revisión Integradora

Introdução: O transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) é um dos potenciais tratamentos curativos utilizados para pacientes com doenças hematológicas e outras doenças imunes. Durante o transplante, o paciente é submetido ao condicionamento e a outros tratamentos, como radioterapia e quimioterapia, o que pode causar a perda da diversidade da microbiota intestinal. A manipulação da microbiota intestinal com probióticos vem sendo apontada como uma estratégia de prevenção de complicações nos pacientes submetidos ao TCTH. Objetivo: Identificar se há evidências científicas relacionadas à segurança e aos benefícios da utilização de probióticos em pacientes submetidos ao TCTH. Método: Revisão integrativa com base em estudos que abordassem o uso de probióticos para o caso específico de pacientes submetidos ao TCTH publicados entre 2000 a 2018. Resultados: Foram selecionados cinco estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, com um total de 52 pacientes. A utilização de probióticos na prevenção e/ou tratamento da diarreia tem mostrado resultados positivos em pacientes com diarreia induzida por antibióticos ou por infecções bacterianas, porém os estudos ainda não destacam benefícios no uso de probióticos no caso específico de pacientes submetidos ao TCTH. Poucos estudos mostram o uso de probióticos para auxílio na melhora dos sintomas associados a infecções ou bacteremias em pacientes imunossuprimidos. Conclusão: O uso de probióticos na população submetida ao TCTH e em imunossuprimidos ainda é controverso, sendo necessários mais estudos que demonstrem os benefícios no uso dessa estratégia para esse público.

Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is one of the potential curative treatments used for patients with hematological and other immune diseases. During transplantation, the patient undergoes conditioning and other treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which may cause loss of the intestinal microbiota diversity. The manipulation of the intestinal microbiota with probiotics has been pointed out as a strategy to prevent complications in patients undergoing HSCT. Objective: To identify if there is scientific evidence related to the safety and benefits of the use of probiotics in patients submitted to HSCT. Method: Integrative review based on studies addressing the use of probiotics for the specific case of patients undergoing HSCT published between 2000 and 2018. Results: Five studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were eligible, with a total of 52 patients. The use of probiotics in the prevention and/or treatment of diarrhea has shown positive results in patients with antibiotic-induced diarrhea or bacterial infections, but the studies do not yet emphasize the benefits of using probiotics in the specific case of patients submitted to HSCT. Few studies show the use of probiotics to help the improvement of the symptoms associated to infections or bacteremia in immunosuppressed patients. Conclusion: The use of probiotics in the population submitted to HSCT and immunosuppressed is still controversial, and further studies are necessary to demonstrate the benefits of using probiotics for this public.

Introducción: El trasplante de células madre de las hematopoyéticas (TCTH) es uno de los posibles tratamientos curativos utilizados para pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas y otras enfermedades inmunes. Durante el transplante, el paciente es sometido al condicionamiento ya otros tratamientos, como radioterapia y quimioterapia, lo que puede causar la pérdida de la diversidad de la microbiota intestinal. La manipulación de la microbiota intestinal con probióticos viene siendo apuntada como una estrategia de prevención de complicaciones en los pacientes sometidos al TCTH. Objetivo: Identificar si hay evidencias científicas relacionadas con la seguridad y beneficios de la utilización de probióticos en pacientes sometidos al TCTH. Método: Revisión integradora basada em estúdios que abordan el uso de probióticos para el caso específico de pacientes sometidos a TCMH publicados entre 2000 y 2018. Resultados: Fueron elegibles 4 estudios que atendieron a los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, con un total de 52 pacientes. La utilización de probióticos en la prevención y/o tratamiento de la diarrea ha mostrado resultados positivos en pacientes con diarrea inducida por antibióticos o por infecciones bacterianas, pero los estudios aún no aportan beneficios en el uso de probióticos en pacientes sometidos al TCTH. Pocos estudios muestran infecciones o bacterias en pacientes inmunosuprimidos que utilizaron probióticos para ayudar en la mejora de los síntomas asociados al tratamiento. Conclusión: El uso de probióticos en la población sometida al TCTH e inmunosuprimidos aún es controvertido, siendo necesarios más estudios que comprueben los beneficios en el uso de probióticos para este público.

Morphological and histological characterization of sexual segment of the kidney in Notomabuya frenata (Cope, 1862) and Aspronema dorsivittatum (Cope, 1862) (Squamata, Mabuyidae).

The kidneys in two viviparous species of Neotropical lizards, Notomabuya frenata and Aspronema dorsivittatum (Mabuyidae), were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy in order to determine the presence of the sexual segment of the kidney (SSK) and to study its morphology. The individuals used in this study belong to the Herpetological Collection of the Herpetology Laboratory - Reptiles of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CHUFJF-Reptiles) and they were collected between the years 2008 and 2012 from the Cerrado region in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The SSK was present only in sexually mature males (with sperm in the testes / epididymis), whereas it was absent in sexually immature males. The nephron in both species consists of renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct and sexual segment of the kidney. The SSK of the analyzed species were coated with a simple columnar epithelium, with high cells, basal nucleus and in the apical portion innumerable secretory granules. This study adds to the knowledge on reproductive biology and structures related to reproductive strategies of both lizard species and viviparous Neotropical lizards.

Mixed infection and two different resistance profiles of Treponema pallidum to macrolides identified in some clinical specimens of the same patient / Infecção mista e resistência diferente a macrolídeos em Treponema pallidum identificadas por variadas espécimes clínicos em um mesmo paciente

Syphilis represents a global public health problem. The resistance of Treponema pallidum to macrolides is related to the mutation in the 23S rRNA gene (A2058G). We reported a case of secondary syphilis in a 52-year-old man presenting two profiles: the first one of susceptibility, and the other one of resistance, when we analyzed the 23S rRNA gene sequence from two different clinical specimens of the same infectious episode. DNA from T. pallidum from skin biopsy presented resistance profile, whereas T. pallidum DNA from blood presented a profile of susceptibility to macrolides. These results suggest it was mixed infection or reinfection.

A sífilis representa um problema de saúde pública mundial. A resistência de Treponema pallidum aos macrolídeos está relacionada à mutação no gene 23S rRNA (A2058G). Relatamos um caso de sífilis secundária, em um homem de 52 anos, com um perfil de suscetibilidade e outro de resistência, ao analisarmos a sequência do gene 23S rRNA de dois espécimes clínicos diferentes, do mesmo episódio infeccioso. A amostra de DNA de T. pallidum proveniente de raspado dérmico da lesão apresentou um perfil de resistência, enquanto aquele que derivou de sangue apresentou perfil de suscetibilidade aos macrolídeos. Esses resultados sugerem tratar-se de infecção mista ou de reinfecção.

Euterpe oleracea Mart.-Derived Polyphenols Protect Mice from Diet-Induced Obesity and Fatty Liver by Regulating Hepatic Lipogenesis and Cholesterol Excretion.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a polyphenol-rich Açaí seed extract (ASE, 300 mg/kg-1d-1) on adiposity and hepatic steatosis in mice that were fed a high-fat (HF) diet and its underlying mechanisms based on hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. Four groups were studied: C57BL/6 mice that were fed with standard diet (10% fat, Control), 10% fat + ASE (ASE), 60% fat (HF), and 60% fat + ASE (HF + ASE) for 12 weeks. We evaluated the food intake, body weight gain, serum glucose and lipid profile, hepatic cholesterol and triacyglycerol (TG), hepatic expression of pAMPK, lipogenic proteins (SREBP-1c, pACC, ACC, HMG-CoA reductase) and cholesterol excretion transporters, ABCG5 and ABCG8. We also evaluated the steatosis in liver sections and oxidative stress. ASE reduced body weight gain, food intake, glucose levels, accumulation of cholesterol and TG in the liver, which was associated with a reduction of hepatic steatosis. The increased expressions of SREBP-1c and HMG-CoA reductase and reduced expressions of pAMPK and pACC/ACC in HF group were antagonized by ASE. The ABCG5 and ABCG8 transporters expressions were increased by the extract. The antioxidant effect of ASE was demonstrated in liver of HF mice by restoration of SOD, CAT and GPx activities and reduction of the increased levels of malondialdehyde and protein carbonylation. In conclusion, ASE substantially reduced the obesity and hepatic steatosis induced by HF diet by reducing lipogenesis, increasing cholesterol excretion and improving oxidative stress in the liver, providing a nutritional resource for prevention of obesity-related adiposity and hepatic steatosis.