[Surgical treatment of acquired defects and ruptures of interventricular septum]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie priobretennykh defektov i razryvov mezhzheludochkovoi peregorodki serdtsa.

Surgical repair of posttraumatic ventricular septal defects, aortic-right ventricular fistulas and postinfarction ruptures of interventricular septum was carried out in 15 patients aged 18-75 years. Methods of radical correction included suturing, plastic repair with synthetic and autopericardial patches, and amputation of cardiac apex. Procedures were performed 14 days - 12 months after myocardial infarction and 1-12 months after penetrating knife wounds of the chest and the heart. Duration of follow-up was from 1 month to 9.5 years. There were no cases of defect recanalization and deaths.

Antiradiation properties of alpha tocopherol, anthocyans, and pyracetam administered combined as a pretreatment course.

The effects of an pretreatment course (2 x 5 days) combining vitamin E 20 mg/kg, anthocyans 50 mg/kg, and pyracetam 200 mg/kg on animal survival after lethal irradiation (8 Gy) and blood formation after sublethal irradiation (6 Gy) were studied in mice. Assessments were based on records of an integral criterion, 30-day survival, of spleen weight and cellularity, and of bone-marrow cellularity. Pretreatment with the mixture distinctly raised survival rate (50%) in the protected population. The effect observed was shown to result from potentiating interactions between mixture components. Blood-forming organs experienced less radiation damage, and recovery processes in them were stimulated.

[A modification of the toxic effects of platinum complexes with antocyans]. / Modifitsirane na toksichnite efekti na platinovi kompleksi s antotsiani.

The toxic and antitumor properties of biocysplantinum (cis-diaminodichlo-platinum) as well as a new platinum complex with acetic acid after their single and combined usage with antocyanes were studied on healthy mice and mice with transplanted ascitic tumour of Ehrlich. There was a reduction in total toxicity of biocysplatinum after simultaneous administration with antocyanes (300 mg/kg per os). Protective effect of antocyanes was observed on leukocytopoiesis. Preservation of antitumor activity of platinum complexes was found in the tumour of Ehrlich. The obtained data indicate possibilities for usage of antocyanes as chemioprotectors during therapy with drugs, containing platinum.

[Importance of endogenous opioids and prostaglandins in the action of analgin (metamizole) and verapamil]. / Znachenie éndogennykh opioidov i prostaglandinov v deistvii anal'gina (metamizola) i verapamila.

The effects of a non-narcotic analgetic methamizole and the calcium channel blocker verapamil on carrageenan hyperalgesia, release of beta-endorphin and synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were studied. It was found that a combined administration of analgin and verapamil prolonged the analgesic effect. Analgin stimulated release of beta-endorphin with the maximum coinciding in time with the peak of the analgesic effect. Against the background of the action of calcium ionophore A 23187 the combination of analgin with verapamil inhibited PGE2 synthesis more distinctly. The combination of these pharmacological agents is suggested to exert the effect both at different levels, central and peripheral, and on various cellular mechanisms involved in pain modulation.

[ECG spectral analysis in quick death, during clinical death, and in the early postresuscitation period]. / Spektral'nyi alaniz EKG pri bystrom umiranii, v period klinicheskoi smerti i v rannem postreanimatsionnom periode.

The article deals with the results of ECG amplitude-frequency analysis conducted in 17 experiments on dogs in the process of quick death, clinical death, and early postresuscitation period. In group 1 (8 animals) circulatory arrest occurred after ventricular fibrillation, in group 2 (9 animals) clinical death was induced by acute blood loss. The ECG was recorded in 3 orthogonal leads after Frank. The spectral analysis was conducted on a Cb-1-ts-02 spectrobiograph. The spectral form coefficient was calculated to study the relationship of the high- and low- frequency components of the spectrum. The total power of the spectrum was evaluated according to the sum value of maximum frequency peaks in 4 fixed ranges. Analysis of changes of the spectral components of the ECG signal showed them to occur in phases in the process of dying and in restoration of vital functions. The use of the method provides for a new quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the ECG.

[Inhibition of morphine hyperthermia, induced by nicotinamide]. / Potiskane na morfinovata khipertermiia ot nikotinamid.

The effect of nicotinamide, administered immediately before the morphine or on the background of already developed morphine hyperthermic reaction, was studied on morphine hyperthermia. It was established that nicotinamide, administered before morphine, inhibited development of morphine hyperthermia, statistically significantly up to 120 min after administration of morphine. Nicotinamide, administered, on the 60th min after morphine injection, did not inhibit significantly the developed already hyperthermic reaction. In connection with the discussion of the established effects a series of experiments were carried out on N-demethylation of morphine and nicotinamide influence on in vitro. These experiments proved that nicotinamide inhibited noncompetitive demethylation of morphine.

Effects of compound IS-35 on intraocular pressure.

The influence of compound IS-35 on intraocular pressure of unanesthetized rabbits was studied. In some cases intraocular pressure was measured with either the tonometer of Schiotz and was calculated in mmHg according to Leydhecker's scale (1973), or with the tonometer of Maclakov. Intraocular pressure was measured before and at 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 360 min after topical application of IS-35, timolol and trimetoquinol. It was established that IS-35 applied locally in the eye as 0.5% solution or collyrium decreases statistically significantly intraocular pressure. This effect was similar to that of timolol and exceeded significantly the effect of trimetoquinol. The experimental study on the beta-adrenergic adenylate cyclase showed that the mechanism of action of IS-35 on ophthalmotonus most probably is similar to the effect of timolol and is due to the suppression of aqueous humor formation.

Effect of diazepam and medazepam on prolactin secretion.

Pharmacological studies of the effect of Diazepam and Medazepam on prolactin secretion were carried out on sexually mature male albino rats. The experiments were carried out using two series of experimental set-ups. In the first series an analysis was made of the effect of Diazepam in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg body mass, and of Medazepam in doses of 1 and 10 mg/kg body mass, on the prolactin secretion on the 60th min after a single intraperitoneal injection. The second series of experiments was designed to investigate the effect of Diazepam and Medazepam in the same doses under conditions of acute immobilization of the animals for 60 min. The prolactin levels in the serum were tested using a radioimmunological method. Prolactin secretion decreases after a single intraperitoneal administration of Diazepam in both doses. Prolactin content in the serum was reduced only after a dose of 10 mg/kg body mass. Under conditions of experimental immobilization stress, prolactin secretion was stimulated in the animals from the control group, treated with standard solution used as solvent. Diazepam in both doses administered and Medazepam in a dose of 10 mg/kg inhibit the prolactin secretion stimulated by acute immobilization stress.