RESUMEN
A multi-disciplinary team surveyed ranchers at the Kalunga Historical and Cultural Heritage Site, in the Cerrado region of west central Brazil, to determine impacts promoted by toxic plants on cattle. The expedition to the Kalunga region was carried out by Brazilian and American researchers. Previously selected cattle ranch properties from "Vão das Almas", "Engenho II" and "Vão do Moleque" were visited. Twenty-four interviews were carried out with cattle ranchers and a questionnaire was applied to obtain information about outbreaks of native plant poisoning and their effects on livestock, and the use of local plants in phytotherapy. We classified problematic plants into three distinct categories. First, the toxic plants most cited by residents causing cattle losses were the flowers of Caryocar brasiliense Cambess ("pequi"), the fruits of Terminalia corrugata (Ducke) Gere & Boatwr. (Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler - "mirindiba" or "pau-pilão"), Eugenia dysenterica (Mart.) DC ("cagaita"), and Palicourea marcgravii A. St. Hil ("erva-café" or "cafezinho"). Secondly, other plants considered toxic, but causing less severe losses were Emmotum nitens (Benth.) Miers ("casco d'anta"), Indigofera lespedezioides (Kunth) ("timbozinho"), Ricinus communis L. ("mamona"), Pteridium esculentum (G. Forst.) Cockayne ("samambaia"), Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville ("barbatimão"), and Actinocladum verticillatum (Nees) McClure ex Soderstr. ("cambaúba"). The most important finding was the identification of the C. brasiliense flower as potentially toxic to cattle, which must be subject for future research. Further, we confirmed the toxicity and importance of P. marcgravii, E. dysenterica, and Terminalia corrugata. The survey highlighted phytotherapy plants used by the community, and greatly increased awareness by local livestock producers of poisonous plants for management purposes. We conclude that ethnobotanical knowledge, especially from the traditional community, is essential to understand livestock losses to toxic plants, and should be valued not only for reducing livestock losses, but also for cultural importance to the Kalunga communities in the Cerrado.
Asunto(s)
Magnoliopsida , Plantas Tóxicas , Animales , Bovinos , Brasil , Etnobotánica , FitoterapiaRESUMEN
Pituitary abscess compressing the optical chiasm is described in a 5 year-old female Murrah buffalo. Clinical history revealed progressive blindness seven days earlier and dehorning one year before. The animal was blind with irresponsive mydriasis. The cerebrospinal f1uid (CSF) analysis revealed xanthochromia and neutrophilic pleocytosis. One day after, the patient was extremely depressed and recumbent, dying a few hours later. The necropsy findings included the presence of a foreign body (cotton) in the right corneal sinus and a pituitary abscess compressing the optic chiasm. Arcanobacterium pyogenes was isolated from CSF and from abscess secretion.
Abscesso pituitário comprimindo o quiasma óptico é descrito em uma búfala, Murrah de cinco anos de idade. A anamnese revelou cegueira progressiva com evolução de sete dias e descorna cosmética há um ano. Ao exame físico o animal estava cego com midríase irresponsiva. O líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) apresentava xantocromia e pleocitose neutrofilica. No dia seguinte á admissão, a paciente apresentava diminuição do nível de consciência e decúbito lateral permanente, vindo a óbito em poucas horas. Os achados de necropsia incluíam presença de um corpo estranho (algodão) no seio corneal direito e abscesso cerebral em região de hipófise com compressão do quiasma óptico. Foi isolado Arcanobacterium pyogenes do LCR e da secreção do abscesso.
RESUMEN
Pituitary abscess compressing the optical chiasm is described in a 5 year-old female Murrah buffalo. Clinical history revealed progressive blindness seven days earlier and dehorning one year before. The animal was blind with irresponsive mydriasis. The cerebrospinal f1uid (CSF) analysis revealed xanthochromia and neutrophilic pleocytosis. One day after, the patient was extremely depressed and recumbent, dying a few hours later. The necropsy findings included the presence of a foreign body (cotton) in the right corneal sinus and a pituitary abscess compressing the optic chiasm. Arcanobacterium pyogenes was isolated from CSF and from abscess secretion.
Abscesso pituitário comprimindo o quiasma óptico é descrito em uma búfala, Murrah de cinco anos de idade. A anamnese revelou cegueira progressiva com evolução de sete dias e descorna cosmética há um ano. Ao exame físico o animal estava cego com midríase irresponsiva. O líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) apresentava xantocromia e pleocitose neutrofilica. No dia seguinte á admissão, a paciente apresentava diminuição do nível de consciência e decúbito lateral permanente, vindo a óbito em poucas horas. Os achados de necropsia incluíam presença de um corpo estranho (algodão) no seio corneal direito e abscesso cerebral em região de hipófise com compressão do quiasma óptico. Foi isolado Arcanobacterium pyogenes do LCR e da secreção do abscesso.