Experimental synthesis of size-controlled TiO2 nanofillers and their possible use as composites in restorative dentistry.

The aim of this work was to obtain an efficient protocol with a green, fast and facile way to synthesize TiO2 NPs and its application as fillers for enhancement of desired dental properties of light curing dental composites. A comparative study comprised the fabrication of light curing restorative composite materials with incorporating different fillers with varying wt%, varying resin material composition, to determine optimal dental restoration by focusing on the physical properties of dental materials. It was observed that the as-prepared green synthesized TiO2 nanohybrid particles contributed to the improvement in physical properties, thus promoting the green and rapid synthesis of nanohybrid fillers. In addition, mechanical values for experimental cured resin materials with bare and surface modified fillers were obtained. The experimental light curing nanocomposites with 5 wt% (wt%) nanohybrid surface modified filler particles with BisGMA (60 wt%), TEGDMA (20 wt%) and UDMA (20 wt%) resin composition provided increased physical strength and durability with higher compressive stress 195.56 MPa and flexural stress 83.30 MPa. Furthermore, the dental property, such as polymerization shrinkage (PS) obtained from volumetric method was decreased up to 3.4% by the addition of nano-hybrid fillers. In addition to this, the biocompatible and antimicrobial nature of TiO2 and its aesthetics properties such as tooth-like color makes TiO2 favorable to use as fillers. This study presents a green and facile method for the synthesis of TiO2 nanohybrid particles that can be successfully used as fillers in an experimental light curing resin matrix for enhancing its dental properties. This describes the potential of the green synthesized TiO2 nanohybrid particles to use as fillers in restorative dentistry.

Novel saccharinate-bridged palladium complexes for efficient C-O bond activation displaying promising luminescence properties.

The synthesis of mono- and dinuclear cyclometallated palladium(II) complexes with deprotonated saccharinate ligands displaying different coordination modes is described. The new compounds were prepared by direct reaction between saccharine and the corresponding hydroxo-complexes [{Pd(µ-OH)(C^N)}(2)] (C^N = 2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl (Phpy) I; = 7,8-benzoquinolyl (Bzq) II), showing a general formula [{Pd(µ-sac)(C^N)}(2)] with saccharinate 1 displaying a bridging -NCO-coordination mode. Bridge splitting with neutral ligands (L = pyridine (py) 2, quinoline (quinol) 3 or acridine (acrid) 4) yielded new mononuclear derivatives with saccharinate acting as an N-monodentated ligand. Structural characterization by X-ray diffraction of complexes I1, I2 and II2 confirmed the proposed formulae. All complexes emit in the solution and solid state at room temperature. Emission features between 640-680 nm in the solid state for complexes I1 and II1 are significantly red-shifted if compared to the emission in solution. These broad emissions are consistent with the simultaneous presence of (3)ππ* and (3)MMLCT transitions indicating the existence of a strong intramolecular Pd-Pd ground state interaction. The dimeric complexes have also shown to catalyze Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of coumaryl tosylate and aryl boronic acids under phosphine-free conditions. Initial studies suggest the involvement of palladium nanoparticles, which has been further investigated using mercury-drop test and poisoning experiments.

Wound healing efficacy of Jatyadi Taila: in vivo evaluation in rat using excision wound model.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: In traditional Indian medicinal treatise there are several Ayurvedic formulations mentioned which have been claimed as potential wound healing agents like Madhu Ghrita and Jatyadi Taila. Jatyadi Taila (JT) is a medicated oil formulation (Taila) popularly used in the treatment of various topical wounds. AIM OF THE STUDY: Though JT has its composition recorded in ancient Ayurvedic texts, there have been minimal attempts to standardize its use in the management of wound. The current work evaluates the wound healing efficacy of JT and also provides evidence of the dermal absorption kinetics of Karanjin from JT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: JT was subjected to preliminary phytochemical evaluation. Therapeutically active marker components ß-sitosterol, lupeol and karanjin were detected and separated using HPTLC. As a part of safety evaluation, skin irritation potential of JT was evaluated on rabbit skin. Excision wound model in rats were used to evaluate the wound healing efficacy of JT. Histopathological and biochemical evaluations of excised skin tissues at wound sites were carried out. The HPTLC method developed was also validated to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of Karanjin from JT after topical application on pinna of rabbit. RESULTS: Preliminary phytochemical evaluation of JT revealed presence of flavonoids, essential oils, tannins, glycosides, steroids and alkaloids while resins were found to be absent. HPTLC confirmed the presence of karanjin, lupeol and ß-sitosterol in JT. JT was found to be non-irritant when applied to the skin of rabbits. Topical application of JT on excision wounds caused significantly faster reduction in wound area as compared to the application of modern topical formulation (Neosporin(®)) and untreated control wounds. Animals treated with JT showed significant increase in protein, hydroxyproline and hexosamine content in the granulation tissue when compared with the untreated controls. Wound healing potential of JT was found to be dose dependant. HPTLC method was successfully used to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of Karanjin after topical application of JT on rabbit pinna. CONCLUSIONS: Current work demonstrates a modern approach towards standardization of the use of traditional topical formulation JT. The results justify the traditional claim of JT for its use in the management of wounds.

4-(4-Methoxy-phen-yl)-1-phenyl-pyridine-2,6(1H,3H)-dione.

In the title compound, C(18)H(15)NO(3), the pyridine-2,6-dione ring adopts an envelope conformation. The phenyl ring lies approximately perpendicular to the mean plane of the pyridine-2,6-dione ring [dihedral angle = 81.5 (1)°], while the methoxy-phenyl ring is tilted to the same plane by a dihedral angle of 34.8 (1)°. Inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions link the mol-ecules into chains along [100].

3-(4-Methoxy-phen-yl)pent-2-ene-1,5-dioic acid.

In the title compound, C(12)H(12)O(5), mol-ecules are linked into anti-parallel hydrogen-bonded sheets through inversion dimers generated via two O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Using the R(2) (2)(8) motif as a building block, hydrogen-bonded chains of a C(2) (2)(8) superstructure are then generated.

Ethyl 4-(4-hydroxy-phen-yl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxyl-ate monohydrate.

There are three formula units in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(14)H(16)N(2)O(4)·H(2)O. Mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into dimers with the common R(2) (2)(8) graph-set motif. Between dimers, single N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are formed between the other N-H group of each pyrimidine ring and the hydroxyl groups. The water mol-ecules accept O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds from the hydroxyl groups and donate hydrogen bonds to the ester groups.