RESUMEN
Objective To select a group at high risk of placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS) based on the data of serum screening in the first trimester. Methods A retrospective analysis of 48 patients with abnormal placental location (AP), including placenta previa (PP) only (n = 23) and PP and PAS (n = 25), was performed. Additionally, the AP group was divided depending on the blood loss volume: not higher than 1000 mL (LBL) (n = 29) and higher than 1000 mL (HBL) (n = 19); diagnostic term of PAS by ultrasound, data pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (Ð AÐ Ð -A) and free ß subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (free ß-hCG) multiple of median (MоM) at 11+0-13+6 weeks of gestation were evaluated. Serological markers were compared with the data of 39 healthy pregnant women with scar after previous cesarean section and normal placental location (control). Results The mean gestation at diagnostic term of PAS was 29 weeks. PAPP-Ð MоM [mean (M) ± standard deviation (SD)] was: in controls, 1.07 ± 0.47; in the AP group, 1.59 ± 0.24; in PP, 1.91 ± 1.52; in PAS, 1.30 ± 0.85; in LBL, 1.37 ± 1.20; in HBL, 1.91 ± 1.24. The difference between control/AP, control/PP, control/PAS, PP/PAS, control/LBL, control/HBL and LBL/HBL was Ð = 0.256, 0.145, 0.640, 0.311, 0.954, 0.025 and 0.09, respectively. Free ß-hCG MoM (M ± SD) was: in controls, 1.08 ± 0.69, in AP, 1.31 ± 0.96; in PP, 1.46 ± 0.19; in PAS, 1.16 ± 0.65; in LBL, 1.30 ± 0.06; in HBL, 1.32 ± 0.78. Comparison of free ß-hCG AP with controls and between subgroups did not reveal a significant difference. Conclusion Underestimation of PAS risk factors in pregnant women with AP leads to late diagnostics of pathology only in the third trimester. The assessment of the Ð AÐ Ð -A level in the first trimester may be helpful for the early prognosis of pathological blood loss at delivery for pregnant women with AP and for forming the high-risk group for PAS.