Tolerability of endometriosis medical treatment: a comparison between combined hormonal contraceptives and progestins.

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs in women of reproductive age. Much of the treatment involves hormone therapy that suppresses the proliferation of endometriosis lesions.Objective To compare discontinuation rates of pharmacological treatment with estrogen-progestins and progestins medications. The secondary objective is to evaluate the main side effects of these drugs in patients with endometriosis.Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from 330 patients who attended the Hospital of the State Public Servant of São Paulo from August 1999 to September 2020 and received pharmacological treatment for endometriosis. The data were obtained by review of the files of medical appointments with specialized staff.Results The median treatment time was 18 months, ranging from 1 to 168 months, and 177 patients interrupted the proposed treatment. The combined contraceptives with estrogens and progestins were significantly linked to treatment interruption, with a relative risk of 1,99 (p = 0,005). The most important side effects that resulted in treatment interruption were pain persistence (p = 0,043), weight gain (p = 0,017) and spotting (p < 0,001).

Amniotic Sludge and Prematurity: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes of women with singleton pregnancies, after spontaneous conception, and with the diagnosis of amniotic sludge before 37 weeks of gestational age. DATA SOURCES: We conducted a search on the PubMed, Cochrane, Bireme, and Theses databases until June 2022. SELECTION OF STUDIES: Using the keywords intra-amniotic sludge or fluid sludge or echogenic particles, we found 263 articles, 132 of which were duplicates, and 70 were discarded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. DATA COLLECTION: The articles retrieved were analyzed by 2 reviewers; 61 were selected for full-text analysis, 18 were included for a qualitative analysis, and 14, for a quantitative analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS: Among the maternal outcomes analyzed, there was an increased risk of preterm labor (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.45-2.03), premature rupture of ovular membranes (95%CI: 1.99-3.79), and clinical (95%CI: 1.41-6.19) and histological chorioamnionitis (95%CI: 1.75-3.12). Regarding the fetal outcomes, there was a significant increase in the risk of morbidity (95%CI: 1.80-3.17), mortality (95%CI: 1.14-18.57), admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU; 95%CI: 1.17-1.95), and neonatal sepsis (95%CI: 2.29-7.55). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that the presence of amniotic sludge is a risk marker for preterm delivery. Despite the heterogeneity of the studies analyzed, even in patients with other risk factors for prematurity, such as short cervix and previous preterm delivery, the presence of amniotic sludge increases the risk of premature labor. Moreover, antibiotic therapy seems to be a treatment for amniotic sludge, and it may prolong pregnancy.

OBJETIVO: Realizar revisão sistemática e metanálise de estudos que avaliaram os desfechos maternos, fetais e neonatais em gestantes de gravidez única, após concepção espontânea, e com o diagnóstico de sludge amniótico antes de 37 semanas de idade gestacional. FONTES DOS DADOS: Realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane, Bireme e Teses até junho de 2022. SELEçãO DOS ESTUDOS: Usando as palavras-chave intra-amniotic sludge ou fluid sludge ou echogenic particles, foram encontrados 263 artigos, 132 dos quais eram duplicatas, e 70 foram descartados por não corresponderem aos critérios de inclusão. COLETA DE DADOS: Os artigos encontrados foram analisados por 2 revisores; 61 foram selecionados para análise de texto completo, 18 foram incluídos em uma análise qualitativa e 14, em uma análise quantitativa. SíNTESE DOS DADOS: Entre os desfechos maternos analisados, houve aumento do risco de trabalho de parto prematuro (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 1.45­2.03), rotura prematura de membranas ovulares (IC95%: 1.99­3.79), e corioamnionite clínica (IC95%: 1.41­6.19) e histológica (IC95%: 1.75­3.12). Em relação aos desfechos fetais, houve aumento significativo do risco de morbidade (IC95%: 1.80­3.17), mortalidade (IC95%: 1.14­18.57), admissão em Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo (UTI) neonatal (IC95%: 1.17­1.95) e sepse neonatal (IC95%: 2.29­7.55). CONCLUSãO: Os resultados do presente estudo indicam que a presença de sludge amniótico é um marcador de risco para parto prematuro. Apesar da heterogeneidade dos estudos analisados, até mesmo em pacientes com outros fatores de risco para prematuridade, como colo curto e trabalho de parto prematuro anterior, a presença de sludge amniótico aumenta o risco de trabalho de parto prematuro na gestação. Além do mais, a antibioticoterapia parece ser um tratamento para o sludge amniótico, e pode ser capaz de prolongar a gravidez.

Comparative study of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and laparoscopic hysterectomy for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding in enlarged uteri.

OBJECTIVE: The levonorgestrel intrauterine system treatment prevents 67.7% of surgeries in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding and enlarged uteri. To evaluate the effectiveness of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system in the treatment of patients with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus and to compare satisfaction and its complications with hysterectomy. METHODS: This was a comparative cross-sectional observational study of women with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus. Sixty-two women were treated and followed up for four years. Insertion of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system was performed in Group 1, and laparoscopic hysterectomy was performed in Group 2. RESULTS: In Group 1 (n=31), 21 patients (67.7%) showed improvement in the bleeding pattern, and 11 patients (35.5%) had amenorrhea. Five patients (16.1%) remained with heavy bleeding and were considered to have experienced treatment failure. There were seven expulsions (22.6%); in five patients, bleeding remained heavy, but in two patients the bleeding returned to that of normal menstruation. No relationship was found between treatment failure and greater hysterometries (p=0.40) or greater uterine volumes (p=0.50), whereas expulsion was greater in uteri with smaller hysterometries (p=0.04). There were 13 (21%) complications, seven (53.8%) in the group that underwent insertion of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (all were device expulsions), and six (46.2%) in the surgical group, which were the most severe ones (p=0.76). Regarding satisfaction, 12 patients (38.7%) were dissatisfied with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and one (3.23%) was dissatisfied with the surgical treatment (p=0.00). CONCLUSION: Treatment with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus was effective, and when compared with laparoscopic hysterectomy, it had a lower rate of satisfaction and the same rate of complications, although less severe.

Prevalence of urinary dysfunction after minimally invasive surgery for deep rectosigmoid endometriosis.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and progression of lower urinary tract symptoms following laparoscopic surgery for deep-infiltrating endometriosis of the rectosigmoid and identify preoperative factors associated with worse postoperative outcomes. METHODS: Prospective, observational study. SETTINGS: single-center, referral hospital for endometriosis. Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for deep-infiltrating endometriosis of the rectosigmoid colon between October 2016 and October 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: urinary function was assessed with the validated Portuguese language version of the International Prostate Symptom Score, which is also used in women. The score was collected before and after surgery. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare pre and postoperative scores and the chi-square test compared symptoms categorized by severity. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients were assessed and 44 were included. Concerning urinary symptoms after surgery, the irritative symptoms prevailed over the obstructive ones. Additionally, 58.8% and 54.5% of the women reported moderate or severe symptoms at pre and postoperative, respectively. In at least one questionnaire category, the postoperative questionnaire scores increased in ten (22.7%) participants. A statistically significant difference was found comparing the changes from absent/mild to moderate/severe IPSS categories (P = 0.039). No significant changes were identified in any of the International Prostate Symptom Score pre and postoperatively (P = 0.876). CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of pre and postoperative urinary symptoms. Patients with preoperative moderate/severe International Prostate Symptom Score are at risk of persisting urinary dysfunction after surgery for rectosigmoid deep endometriosis.

Amniotic Sludge and Prematurity: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis / Sludge amniótico e prematuridade: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Abstract Objective To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes of women with singleton pregnancies, after spontaneous conception, and with the diagnosis of amniotic sludge before 37 weeks of gestational age. Data Sources We conducted a search on the PubMed, Cochrane, Bireme, and Theses databases until June 2022. Selection of Studies Using the keywords intra-amniotic sludge or fluid sludge or echogenic particles, we found 263 articles, 132 of which were duplicates, and 70 were discarded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Data Collection The articles retrieved were analyzed by 2 reviewers; 61 were selected for full-text analysis, 18 were included for a qualitative analysis, and 14, for a quantitative analysis. Data Synthesis Among the maternal outcomes analyzed, there was an increased risk of preterm labor (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.45-2.03), premature rupture of ovular membranes (95%CI: 1.99-3.79), and clinical (95%CI: 1.41-6.19) and histological chorioamnionitis (95%CI: 1.75-3.12). Regarding the fetal outcomes, there was a significant increase in the risk of morbidity (95%CI: 1.80-3.17), mortality (95%CI: 1.14-18.57), admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU; 95%CI: 1.17-1.95), and neonatal sepsis (95%CI: 2.29-7.55). Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that the presence of amniotic sludge is a risk marker for preterm delivery. Despite the heterogeneity of the studies analyzed, even in patients with other risk factors for prematurity, such as short cervix and previous preterm delivery, the presence of amniotic sludge increases the risk of premature labor. Moreover, antibiotic therapy seems to be a treatment for amniotic sludge, and it may prolong pregnancy.

Resumo Objetivo Realizar revisão sistemática e metanálise de estudos que avaliaram os desfechos maternos, fetais e neonatais em gestantes de gravidez única, após concepção espontânea, e com o diagnóstico de sludge amniótico antes de 37 semanas de idade gestacional. Fontes dos dados Realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane, Bireme e Teses até junho de 2022. Seleção dos estudos Usando as palavras-chave intra-amniotic sludge ou fluid sludge ou echogenic particles, foram encontrados 263 artigos, 132 dos quais eram duplicatas, e 70 foram descartados por não corresponderem aos critérios de inclusão. Coleta de dados Os artigos encontrados foram analisados por 2 revisores; 61 foram selecionados para análise de texto completo, 18 foram incluídos em uma análise qualitativa e 14, em uma análise quantitativa. Síntese dos dados Entre os desfechos maternos analisados, houve aumento do risco de trabalho de parto prematuro (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 1.45-2.03), rotura prematura de membranas ovulares (IC95%: 1.99-3.79), e corioamnionite clínica (IC95%: 1.41-6.19) e histológica (IC95%: 1.75-3.12). Em relação aos desfechos fetais, houve aumento significativo do risco de morbidade (IC95%: 1.80-3.17), mortalidade (IC95%: 1.14-18.57), admissão em Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo (UTI) neonatal (IC95%: 1.17-1.95) e sepse neonatal (IC95%: 2.29-7.55). Conclusão Os resultados do presente estudo indicam que a presença de sludge amniótico é um marcador de risco para parto prematuro. Apesar da heterogeneidade dos estudos analisados, até mesmo em pacientes com outros fatores de risco para prematuridade, como colo curto e trabalho de parto prematuro anterior, a presença de sludge amniótico aumenta o risco de trabalho de parto prematuro na gestação. Além do mais, a antibioticoterapia parece ser um tratamento para o sludge amniótico, e pode ser capaz de prolongar a gravidez.

Comparative study of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and laparoscopic hysterectomy for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding in enlarged uteri

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system in the treatment of patients with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus and to compare satisfaction and its complications with hysterectomy. Methods This was a comparative cross-sectional observational study of women with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus. Sixty-two women were treated and followed up for four years. Insertion of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system was performed in Group 1, and laparoscopic hysterectomy was performed in Group 2. Results In Group 1 (n=31), 21 patients (67.7%) showed improvement in the bleeding pattern, and 11 patients (35.5%) had amenorrhea. Five patients (16.1%) remained with heavy bleeding and were considered to have experienced treatment failure. There were seven expulsions (22.6%); in five patients, bleeding remained heavy, but in two patients the bleeding returned to that of normal menstruation. No relationship was found between treatment failure and greater hysterometries (p=0.40) or greater uterine volumes (p=0.50), whereas expulsion was greater in uteri with smaller hysterometries (p=0.04). There were 13 (21%) complications, seven (53.8%) in the group that underwent insertion of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (all were device expulsions), and six (46.2%) in the surgical group, which were the most severe ones (p=0.76). Regarding satisfaction, 12 patients (38.7%) were dissatisfied with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and one (3.23%) was dissatisfied with the surgical treatment (p=0.00). Conclusion Treatment with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding and an enlarged uterus was effective, and when compared with laparoscopic hysterectomy, it had a lower rate of satisfaction and the same rate of complications, although less severe.

Antibiotic prophylaxis in pregnant with premature rupture of ovular membranes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials that compared the use of antibiotics versus placebo in premature rupture of membranes preterm and evaluated maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with premature rupture of ovular membranes at a gestational age between 24 and 37 weeks. METHODS: A search was conducted using keywords in PubMed, Cochrane, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde and Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP between August 2018 and December 2021. A total of 926 articles were found. Those included were randomized clinical trials that compared the use of antibiotics versus placebo in the premature rupture of preterm membranes. Articles referring to antibiotics only for streptococcus agalactiae prophylaxis were excluded. The retrieved articles were independently and blindly analyzed by two reviewers. A total of 24 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria and 21 articles were included for quantitative analysis. RESULTS: Among the maternal outcomes analyzed, there was a prolongation of the latency period that was ≥7 days. In addition, we observed a reduction in chorioamnionitis in the group of pregnant women who used antibiotics. As for endometritis and other maternal outcomes, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Regarding fetal outcomes, antibiotic prophylaxis worked as a protective factor for neonatal sepsis. Necrotizing enterocolitis and respiratory distress syndrome showed no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION: The study showed positive results in relation to antibiotic prophylaxis to prolong the latency period, new randomized clinical trials are needed to ensure its beneficial effect. PROSPERO DATABASE REGISTRATION: (www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero) under number CRD42020155315.

Antibiotic prophylaxis in pregnant with premature rupture of ovular membranes: systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Objective To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials that compared the use of antibiotics versus placebo in premature rupture of membranes preterm and evaluated maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with premature rupture of ovular membranes at a gestational age between 24 and 37 weeks. Methods A search was conducted using keywords in PubMed, Cochrane, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde and Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP between August 2018 and December 2021. A total of 926 articles were found. Those included were randomized clinical trials that compared the use of antibiotics versus placebo in the premature rupture of preterm membranes. Articles referring to antibiotics only for streptococcus agalactiae prophylaxis were excluded. The retrieved articles were independently and blindly analyzed by two reviewers. A total of 24 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria and 21 articles were included for quantitative analysis. Results Among the maternal outcomes analyzed, there was a prolongation of the latency period that was ≥7 days. In addition, we observed a reduction in chorioamnionitis in the group of pregnant women who used antibiotics. As for endometritis and other maternal outcomes, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Regarding fetal outcomes, antibiotic prophylaxis worked as a protective factor for neonatal sepsis. Necrotizing enterocolitis and respiratory distress syndrome showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusion The study showed positive results in relation to antibiotic prophylaxis to prolong the latency period, new randomized clinical trials are needed to ensure its beneficial effect. Prospero database registration (www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero) under number CRD42020155315.

Evaluation of Bowel Function After Surgical Treatment for Intestinal Endometriosis: A Prospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Defecation symptoms related to intestinal deep infiltrative endometriosis are caused by anatomical and functional disorders and are probably linked to the course of the disease and surgical treatment. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to assess bowel function before and after intestinal deep infiltrative endometriosis surgery. Secondarily, we sought to correlate defecatory symptoms with preoperative risk factors. DESIGN/SETTINGS: This is a single-center prospective cohort study, using the low anterior resection syndrome score to evaluate bowel function 4 weeks before, as well as at 6 months and 1 year after surgery. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic multiple regression analyses were performed to compare preoperative and postoperative scores. The level of significance was set at <0.05 for all comparisons. PATIENTS: Thirty-seven adult female patients who underwent intestinal resection for deep infiltrative endometriosis between 2015 and 2017 were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was bowel function appraisement in deep infiltrative endometriosis intestinal surgery. RESULTS: During the preoperative evaluation, 48.6% of patients reported low anterior resection syndrome score ≥21. This group presented a mean score of 17.9 ± 13.7, with a median of 20 and a range of 5 to 30. After 1 year, the mean score was decreased to 9.6 ± 11.1, with a median of 4 and a range of 0 to 22. A significant difference was detected when comparing the post- and preoperative scores (p = 0.0006). Improvements in defecatory symptoms such as reduced fecal incontinence for flatus (p = 0.004) and liquid stools (p = 0.014) were also reported. The clustering of stools (p = 0.005) and fecal urgency (p = 0.001) also improved 1 year after surgery. The preoperative multiple logistic regression showed that dyschezia was the only independent variable associated with bowel symptoms. LIMITATIONS: This is a well-documented prospective study, but the data presented have a relatively small population. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that intestinal deep infiltrative endometriosis surgery improves bowel function and has a positive impact on evacuation symptoms. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B534. EVALUACIN DE LA FUNCIN INTESTINAL DESPUS DEL TRATAMIENTO QUIRRGICO PARA LA ENDOMETRIOSIS INTESTINAL UN ESTUDIO PROSPECTIVO: ANTECEDENTES:Se considera que los síntomas defecatorios relacionados con la endometriosis intestinal infiltrativa profunda, son causados por trastornos anatómicos y funcionales, y probablemente estén relacionados con el curso de la enfermedad y tratamiento quirúrgico.OBJETIVO:El objetivo principal fue evaluar la función intestinal antes y después de la cirugía por endometriosis intestinal infiltrativa profunda. En segundo lugar, correlacionar los síntomas defecatorios con los factores de riesgo preoperatorios.DISEÑO / AJUSTES:Es un estudio de cohorte prospectivo de un solo centro, utilizando la puntuación del síndrome de resección anterior baja (LARS Score) para evaluar la función intestinal 4 semanas antes, 6 meses y un año después de la cirugía. Se realizaron pruebas de rango firmado de Wilcoxon y análisis de regresión logística múltiple para comparar puntuaciones preoperatorias y postoperatorias. Para todas las comparaciones, el nivel de significancia se estableció en <0.05.ENTORNO CLINICO:Se incluyeron 37 mujeres adultas sometidas a resección intestinal por endometriosis infiltrativa profunda entre 2015 y 2017.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE VALORACION:El resultado principal, fue la evaluación de la función intestinal en cirugía de endometriosis infiltrativa profunda intestinal.RESULTADOS:Durante la evaluación preoperatoria, el 48,6% de los pacientes reportaron Síndrome de Resección Anterior Baja ≥ 21. Este grupo presentó una puntuación media de 17,9 ± 13,7, con una mediana de 20 y un rango de 5 a 30. Después de un año, la puntuación media se redujo a 9,6 ± 11,1, con una mediana de 4 y un rango de 0 a 22 Se detectó una diferencia significativa al comparar las puntuaciones postoperatorias y preoperatorias (p = 0,0006). Se informó de mejoras en los síntomas defecatorios como la reducción de la incontinencia fecal por flatos (p = 0,004) y heces líquidas (p = 0,014). La agrupación de heces (p = 0,005) y la urgencia fecal (p = 0,001) presentaron mejoría a un año después de la cirugía. La regresión logística múltiple preoperatoria mostró que la disquecia fue la única variable independiente asociada con los síntomas intestinales.LIMITACIONES:A pesar de que es un estudio prospectivo bien documentado, los datos presentados son de una población relativamente pequeña.CONCLUSIONES:El estudio proporciona evidencia de que la cirugía intestinal por endometriosis infiltrativa profunda, mejora la función intestinal y tiene un impacto positivo en los síntomas de evacuación. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B534.

Can Enhanced Techniques Improve the Diagnostic Accuracy of Transvaginal Sonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Rectosigmoid Endometriosis? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the most commonly used examinations for rectosigmoid lesions of deeply infiltrating endometriosis, transvaginal sonography (TVS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to compare their diagnostic accuracy and enhanced or non-enhanced techniques. METHODS: A systematic search was performed until March 2018 without time or language restrictions. Eligibility criteria included studies that compared the accuracy of TVS and MRI for diagnosis of rectosigmoid endometriosis. The quality of the studies was assessed by means of Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations. Bivariate and hierarchical analysis were performed. The difference in the accuracy of TVS and MRI was tested, and heterogeneity was addressed by means of meta-regression, sensitivity, or subgroup analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1754 studies were screened; 105 studies were eligible, and 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Overall pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.80, 0.94, and 0.95, respectively. The measures for MRI were 0.82, 0.94, and 0.95, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the accuracy values of TVS and MRI (P = 0.90). The use of bowel preparation and vaginal contrast could enhance the accuracy of MRI. Along with rectosigmoid prevalence, bowel and vaginal contrast explained a significant proportion of the statistical heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: Both TVS and MRI showed high diagnostic accuracy for rectosigmoid deeply infiltrating endometriosis lesions. There is no strong evidence suggesting that the two diagnostic methods might differ in specificity or sensitivity, but enhanced techniques may increase the accuracy measures.

Quality of Life Assessment by the Endometriosis Health Profile (EHP-30) Questionnaire Prior to Treatment for Ovarian Endometriosis in Brazilian Women.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the existence of an association between ultrasound findings and epidemiological and clinical factors using results obtained from the EHP-30 questionnaire in women with ovarian endometriosis. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was performed between July 2012 and May 2015, in which patients with chronic pelvic pain suggestive of endometrioma, as indicated by the results from a transvaginal pelvic ultrasonography, completed the standardized Endometriosis Health Profile - 30 (EHP-30) questionnaire to access quality-of-life scores before beginning treatment for endometriosis. A total of 65 patients were included. The data was analyzed in the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) for the comparison of data through linear multiple regression. RESULTS: The suitability of the linear regression model was confirmed by the histogram of the dependent variable and the residue distribution plot, confirming the trend of linearity as well as the homogeneous dispersion of the residues. The mean age of the patients was 39.7 ± 7.1 years old. The majority was Caucasian (64.5%), had completed higher education (56.5%) and was nulligravida (40.3%). Infertility was present in 48.4% of the patients studied. Out of the total sample, 80.6% of the cases were symptomatic and complained mainly of acyclic pain, 79% of dysmenorrhea, and 61.3% of dyspareunia. This reflects the negative influence of endometriosis on the quality of life of patients with this disease. CONCLUSION: Dyspareunia and acyclic pain were independent factors of correlation with high scores in the EHP-30 questionnaire, reflecting a worse quality of life.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a existência de associação entre os achados ultrassonográficos e os fatores epidemiológicos e clínicos com os resultados obtidos no questionário EHP-30 em mulheres com diagnóstico de endometriose ovariana. MéTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo observacional transversal entre julho de 2012 e maio de 2015, no qual as pacientes com dor pélvica crônica com imagem sugestiva de endometrioma na ultrassonografia pélvica transvaginal preencheram o questionário padronizado Endometriosis Health Profile - 30 (EHP-30) para acessar os escores de qualidade de vida antes de iniciar qualquer tratamento para a endometriose. Foram incluídas 65 pacientes. Os dados foram analisados no programa estatístico IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Versão 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, EUA) para a comparação dos dados através de regressão múltipla linear. RESULTADOS: A adequabilidade do modelo de regressão linear foi confirmada através do histograma da variável dependente e do gráfico de distribuição dos resíduos, confirmando a tendência de linearidade, assim como a dispersão homogênea dos resíduos. A idade média das pacientes foi de 39,7 ± 7,1 anos. A maioria era caucasiana (64,5%), apresentava ensino superior completo (56,5%), e era nuligesta (40,3%). Infertilidade estava presente em 48,4% das pacientes estudadas. Do total de casos 80,6% eram sintomáticas e queixaram-se principalmente de dor acíclica, 79%de dismenorreia , e 61,3% de dispareunia em , refletindo a influência negativa da endometriose sobre a qualidade de vida das pacientes portadores desta doença. CONCLUSãO: Dispareunia e dor acíclica foram fatores independentes de correlação com altos escores no EHP-30, refletindo uma pior qualidade de vida.

Surgical treatment of intestinal endometriosis: outcomes of three different techniques / Tratamento cirúrgico de endometriose intestinal: resultados de três técnicas operatórias

Abstract Objective To outline the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with deep intestinal endometriosis submitted to surgical treatment at a tertiary referral center with a multidisciplinary team, and correlate those characteristics with the surgical procedures performed and operative complications. Methods A prospective cohort from February 2012 to November 2016 of 32 women with deep intestinal endometriosis operations. The variables analyzed were: age; obesity; preoperative symptoms (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, acyclic pain, dyschezia, infertility, urinary symptoms, constipation and intestinal bleeding); previous surgery for endometriosis; Enzian classification; size of the intestinal lesion; and surgical complications. Results Themean age was 37.75 (±5.72) years. A total of 7 patients (22%) had a prior history of endometriosis. The mean of the largest diameter of the intestinal lesions identified intraoperatively was of 28.12 mm (±14.29 mm). In the Enzian classification, there was a predominance of lesions of the rectum and sigmoid, comprising 30 cases (94%). There were no statistically significant associations between the predictor variables and the outcome complications, even after the multiple logistic regression analysis. Regarding the size of the lesion, there was also no significant correlation with the outcome complications (p = 0.18; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:0.94-1.44); however, there was a positive association between grade 3 of the Enzia classification and the more extensive surgical techniques: segmental intestinal resection and rectosigmoidectomy, with a prevalence risk of 4.4 (p < 0.001; 95%CI:1.60-12.09). Conclusion The studied sample consisted of highly symptomatic women. A high prevalence of deep infiltrative endometriosis lesions was found located in the rectum and sigmoid region, and their size correlated directly with the extent of the surgical resection performed.

Resumo Objetivo Delinear as características das pacientes portadoras de endometriose profunda intestinal submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico em centro de referência com equipe multidisciplinar, e correlacionar tais achados com a extensão de doença e com os procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados. Métodos Tratamento cirúrgico no período de fevereiro de 2012 a novembro de 2016 em 32 mulheres portadoras de endometriose profunda intestinal. Variáveis analisadas: idade; obesidade; queixas pré-operatórias: dismenorreia, dispareunia, dor acíclica, disquezia, sangramento uterino anormal, infertilidade, sintomas urinários, constipação, e sangramento intestinal; cirurgia prévia para tratamento de endometriose profunda; classificação de Enzian; técnica cirúrgica aplicada; tamanho da lesão intestinal; e complicações operatórias. Resultados A média de idade foi de 37,75 (±5,72) anos. Um total de 7 (22%) pacientes tinha histórico de abordagem prévia da endometriose. A média do maior diâmetro das lesões intestinais foi de 28,12 mm (±14,29 mm). Na classificação de Enzian, houve predomínio das lesões da região de reto ou retossigmoide no compartimento posterior, num total de 30 casos (94%). Não foi observada associação estatística significativa entre as variáveis preditivas e o desfecho da complicação, mesmo após análise de regressão logística múltipla. Quanto ao tamanho da lesão, também não houve correlação significativa com o desfecho complicação (p = 0,18; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 0,94-1,44). No entanto, Houve associação positiva entre o grau 3 da classificação de Enzian e a técnica cirúrgicamais extensa: ressecção intestinal segmentar e retossigmoidectomia, com risco de prevalência de 4,4 (p = 0,00003; IC95%: 1,60-12,09). Conclusão A amostra populacional estudada foi constituída de mulheres muito sintomáticas. Foi encontrada prevalência alta de lesões de endometriose infiltrativa profunda localizadas em região de retossigmoide, e seu tamanho correlacionou-se diretamente com a extensão da ressecção cirúrgica realizada.

Surgical Treatment of Intestinal Endometriosis: Outcomes of Three Different Techniques.

OBJECTIVE: To outline the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with deep intestinal endometriosis submitted to surgical treatment at a tertiary referral center with a multidisciplinary team, and correlate those characteristics with the surgical procedures performed and operative complications. METHODS: A prospective cohort from February 2012 to November 2016 of 32 women with deep intestinal endometriosis operations. The variables analyzed were: age; obesity; preoperative symptoms (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, acyclic pain, dyschezia, infertility, urinary symptoms, constipation and intestinal bleeding); previous surgery for endometriosis; Enzian classification; size of the intestinal lesion; and surgical complications. RESULTS: The mean age was 37.75 (±5.72) years. A total of 7 patients (22%) had a prior history of endometriosis. The mean of the largest diameter of the intestinal lesions identified intraoperatively was of 28.12 mm (±14.29 mm). In the Enzian classification, there was a predominance of lesions of the rectum and sigmoid, comprising 30 cases (94%). There were no statistically significant associations between the predictor variables and the outcome complications, even after the multiple logistic regression analysis. Regarding the size of the lesion, there was also no significant correlation with the outcome complications (p = 0.18; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:0.94-1.44); however, there was a positive association between grade 3 of the Enzia classification and the more extensive surgical techniques: segmental intestinal resection and rectosigmoidectomy, with a prevalence risk of 4.4 (p < 0.001; 95%CI:1.60-12.09). CONCLUSION: The studied sample consisted of highly symptomatic women. A high prevalence of deep infiltrative endometriosis lesions was found located in the rectum and sigmoid region, and their size correlated directly with the extent of the surgical resection performed.

OBJETIVO: Delinear as características das pacientes portadoras de endometriose profunda intestinal submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico em centro de referência com equipe multidisciplinar, e correlacionar tais achados com a extensão de doença e com os procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados. MéTODOS: Tratamento cirúrgico no período de fevereiro de 2012 a novembro de 2016 em 32 mulheres portadoras de endometriose profunda intestinal. Variáveis analisadas: idade; obesidade; queixas pré-operatórias: dismenorreia, dispareunia, dor acíclica, disquezia, sangramento uterino anormal, infertilidade, sintomas urinários, constipação, e sangramento intestinal; cirurgia prévia para tratamento de endometriose profunda; classificação de Enzian; técnica cirúrgica aplicada; tamanho da lesão intestinal; e complicações operatórias. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de 37,75 (±5,72) anos. Um total de 7 (22%) pacientes tinha histórico de abordagem prévia da endometriose. A média do maior diâmetro das lesões intestinais foi de 28,12 mm (±14,29 mm). Na classificação de Enzian, houve predomínio das lesões da região de reto ou retossigmoide no compartimento posterior, num total de 30 casos (94%). Não foi observada associação estatística significativa entre as variáveis preditivas e o desfecho da complicação, mesmo após análise de regressão logística múltipla. Quanto ao tamanho da lesão, também não houve correlação significativa com o desfecho complicação (p = 0,18; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 0,94­1,44). No entanto, Houve associação positiva entre o grau 3 da classificação de Enzian e a técnica cirúrgica mais extensa: ressecção intestinal segmentar e retossigmoidectomia, com risco de prevalência de 4,4 (p = 0,00003; IC95%: 1,60­12,09). CONCLUSãO: A amostra populacional estudada foi constituída de mulheres muito sintomáticas. Foi encontrada prevalência alta de lesões de endometriose infiltrativa profunda localizadas em região de retossigmoide, e seu tamanho correlacionou-se diretamente com a extensão da ressecção cirúrgica realizada.

Female Sexual Function in Women with Suspected Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of the sexual function of women with suspected deep infiltrating endometriosis. METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational and prospective study was conducted between May 2015 and August 2016, in which 67 patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis, suspected or diagnosed, were assessed for epidemiological and clinical characteristics, such as pain level through a visual analog scale (VAS), features of deep infiltrating endometriosis lesions and score on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) before the onset of treatment. The statistical analysis was performed using the software STATA version 12.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA) to compare the variables through multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 39.2 years old; most patients were symptomatic (92.5%); and the predominant location of the deep infiltrating lesions was on the rectosigmoid colon (50%), closely followed by the retrocervical region (48.3%). The median overall score on the FSFI was 23.4; in 67.2% of the cases the score was ≤ 26.5 (cutoff point for sexual dysfunction). Deep dyspareunia (p = 0.000, confidence interval [CI]: 0.64-0.83) and rectosigmoid endometriosis lesions (p = 0.008, CI: 0.72-0.95) showed significant correlation with lower FSFI scores, adjusted by bladder lesion, patients' age and size of lesions. Deep dyspareunia (p = 0.003, CI: 0.49-0.86) also exhibited significant correlation with FSFI pain domain, adjusted by cyclic bowel pain, vaginal lesion and use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog. These results reflect the influence of deep dyspareunia on the sexual dysfunction of the analyzed population. CONCLUSION: Most patients exhibited sexual dysfunction, and deep dyspareunia was the pelvic painful symptom that showed correlation with sexual dysfunction.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade da função sexual em pacientes com suspeita de endometriose profunda infiltrativa. MéTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal prospectivo entre maio de 2015 e agosto de 2016, no qual foram analisados os dados clínicos e epidemiológicos de 67 pacientes com endometriose profunda presuntiva ou diagnosticada, níveis de dor através de escala visual analógica (EVA) e Índice de Função Sexual Feminina (questionário IFSF) antes do início do tratamento. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o programa estatístico STATA, na versão 12.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA), para comparar as variáveis por meio de regressão múltipla. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 39,2 anos; houve predominância de mulheres sintomáticas (92,5%) e da localização de lesões de endometriose profunda em retossigmoide (50%) seguida pela topografia retrocervical (48,3%). A pontuação total no IFSF mostrou uma mediana de 23,4, e em 67,2% das mulheres a pontuação foi ≤ 26,55 (cut-off que indica disfunção sexual). Dispareunia (p = 0.000, intervalo de confiança [IC]: 0.64­0.83) e lesão endometriótica em retossigmoide (p = 0.008, IC: 0.72­0.95) exibiram uma relação estatisticamente significante com valores baixos de pontuação no IFSF, ajustados por lesão em bexiga, idade da paciente e tamanho da lesão. A dispareunia de profundidade também mostrou correlação significante com o domínio dor do IFSF ajustado por dor cíclica intestinal, lesão vaginal e uso de análogo de hormônio liberador de gonadotrofina (GnRH). Os resultados refletem a influência da dispareunia de profundidade na disfunção sexual da população do estudo. CONCLUSãO: A maioria das pacientes apresentava disfunção sexual e o sintoma mais relacionado a esta disfunção foi dispareunia de profundidade.

Female Sexual Function in Women with Suspected Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis / Função sexual feminina em mulheres com suspeita de endometriose infiltrativa profunda

Abstract Objective To evaluate the quality of the sexual function of women with suspected deep infiltrating endometriosis. Methods A cross-sectional, observational and prospective study was conducted between May 2015 and August 2016, in which 67 patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis, suspected or diagnosed, were assessed for epidemiological and clinical characteristics, such as pain level through a visual analog scale (VAS), features of deep infiltrating endometriosis lesions and score on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) before the onset of treatment. The statistical analysis was performed using the software STATA version 12.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA) to compare the variables through multiple regression analysis. Results The average age of the patients was 39.2 years old; most patients were symptomatic (92.5%); and the predominant location of the deep infiltrating lesions was on the rectosigmoid colon (50%), closely followed by the retrocervical region (48.3%). The medianoverallscoreontheFSFIwas23.4;in67.2%of thecasesthescorewas26.5(cutoff point for sexualdysfunction). Deepdyspareunia(p = 0.000,confidenceinterval [CI]:0.64- 0.83) and rectosigmoid endometriosis lesions (p = 0.008, CI: 0.72-0.95) showed significant correlation with lower FSFI scores, adjusted by bladder lesion, patients' ageand size of lesions. Deep dyspareunia (p = 0.003, CI: 0.49-0.86) also exhibited significant correlation with FSFI pain domain, adjusted by cyclic bowel pain, vaginal lesion and use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog. These results reflect the influence of deep dyspareunia on the sexual dysfunction of the analyzed population. Conclusion Most patients exhibited sexual dysfunction, and deep dyspareunia was the pelvic painful symptom that showed correlation with sexual dysfunction.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade da função sexual em pacientes com suspeita de endometriose profunda infiltrativa. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal prospectivo entre maio de 2015 e agosto de 2016, no qual foram analisados os dados clínicos e epidemiológicos de 67 pacientes com endometriose profunda presuntiva ou diagnosticada, níveis de dor através de escala visual analógica (EVA) e Índice de Função Sexual Feminina (questionário IFSF) antes do início do tratamento. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o programa estatístico STATA, na versão 12.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA), para comparar as variáveis por meio de regressão múltipla. Resultados A idade média foi de 39,2 anos; houve predominância de mulheres sintomáticas (92,5%) e da localização de lesões de endometriose profunda em retossigmoide (50%) seguida pela topografia retrocervical (48,3%). A pontuação total no IFSF mostrou uma mediana de 23,4, e em 67,2% das mulheres a pontuação foi 26,55 (cut-off que indica disfunção sexual). Dispareunia (p = 0.000, intervalo de confiança [IC]: 0.64-0.83) e lesão endometriótica em retossigmoide (p = 0.008, IC: 0.72-0.95) exibiram uma relação estatisticamente significante com valores baixos de pontuação no IFSF, ajustados por lesão em bexiga, idade da paciente e tamanho da lesão. A dispareunia de profundidade também mostrou correlação significante com o domínio dor do IFSFajustado por dor cíclica intestinal, lesão vaginal e uso de análogo de hormônio liberador de gonadotrofina (GnRH). Os resultados refletem a influência da dispareunia de profundidade na disfunção sexual da população do estudo. Conclusão A maioria das pacientes apresentava disfunção sexual e o sintoma mais relacionado a esta disfunção foi dispareunia de profundidade.

PHYLLODES TUMORS OF THE BREAST: A RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF CASES FROM THE HOSPITAL DO SERVIDOR PÚBLICO ESTADUAL DE SÃO PAULO / Tumor filoides de mama: avaliação retrospectiva de casos do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics of phyllodes tumors, and to identify possible associated risk factors for relapses among patients from the Breast Surgery Department of the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual of São Paulo (HSPE-SP). Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study of data from 52 patients, between 1976 and 2013. The following data were collected: age, tumor size, histological type, surgical margins, type of surgery performed, relapses and amount of time before relapse. Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.7 years old, the mean size of the tumor was 7.8 cm. A mastectomy was performed on 12 patients, and the others underwent a wide excision. Benign phyllodes tumors were found in 30 patients, and the others were found as follows: 11 with borderline tumors and 11 with malign phyllodes tumors. There was no statistical relevance with regard to the relapses and the characteristics evaluated. Conclusion: The sample studied has similar clinical and pathological characteristics as described in the scientific literature, with the mean age at diagnosis being 45 years old, the mean tumor size, 7.8 cm. The majority found were benign phyllodes tumors and 33% were from relapses. There was no statistical significance between the evaluated variables and the risk for relapse.

Objetivo: Avaliar as características clínicas e patológicas do tumor filoides e identificar fatores relacionados com risco de recidivas em pacientes acompanhadas no ambulatório de Mastologia do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo (HSPE-SP). Método: Estudo retrospectivo descritivo de dados de 52 pacientes, entre 1976 e 2013, dentre os quais: idade, tamanho do tumor, tipo histológico, margens cirúrgicas, tipo de cirurgia, recidivas e tempo para recidiva. Resultados: A idade média das pacientes foi 45,7 anos. O tamanho médio do tumor foi de 7,8 cm. O tratamento em 12 pacientes foi a mastectomia, e as demais 40 a excisão ampla. O tipo histológico encontrado em 30 pacientes foi tumores benignos, 11 malignos e 11 de variedade borderline. Após o seguimento médio de 53,93 meses, observaram-se 17 recidivas. Não houve relevância estatística entre a recorrência local e as variáveis avaliadas. Conclusões: A amostra avaliada tem características clínicas e patológicas condizentes com a literatura, com média de idade de 45 anos, tamanho do tumor de 7,8 cm, sendo encontrados na maioria tumor filoides benigno e 33% de recidivas. Não houve significância estatística entre características avaliadas e o risco de recidiva.

Initial experience with hysteroscopic tubal occlusion (Essure®).

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate results of early tubal occlusions performed by hysteroscopy (Essure®). METHODS: This prospective study included 38 patients, 73.7% of them were white, mean age 34.5 years, they have had on average 3 pregnancies and 2.7 of deliveries. A total of 86.8% of patients previously prepared the endometrium. All procedures were carried out at outpatient unit without anesthesia. RESULTS: Insertion rate of the device was 100% at a mean time of 4 minutes and 50 seconds. Based on the analogical visual scale, average pain reported was three, and 55.3% of women did not report pain after the procedure. After 3 months, 89.5% of patients were very satisfied with the method. Simple radiographs of the pelvis showed 92.1% of topical devices, and one case of unilateral expulsion had occurred. A four years follow-up did not show failure in the method. CONCLUSIONS: Tubal occlusion through hysteroscopy at outpatient unit and without anesthesia was a quickly and well-tolerated procedure. No serious complications were seen, the success rate was high, and patients were satisfied. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados das primeiras oclusões tubárias realizadas pela via histeroscópica (Essure®). MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo com 38 pacientes, sendo 73,7% caucasianas, com média de idade de 34,5 anos, e com 3 gestações e 2,7 partos em média. Do total, 86,8% das pacientes fizeram preparo prévio do endométrio. Todos os procedimentos foram ambulatoriais e sem anestesia. RESULTADOS: A taxa de inserção do dispositivo foi de 100%, com tempo médio de 4 minutos e 50 segundos. Segundo a Escala Visual Analógica, a dor média obtida foi de três, e 55,3% das mulheres não referiram qualquer dor após o método. Ocorreu um caso de reflexo vagal e 89,5% das pacientes retornaram às atividades normais no mesmo dia. Após 3 meses, 89,5% das pacientes encontravam-se muito satisfeitas com o método. A radiografia simples da pelve evidenciou 92,1% de dispositivos tópicos, ocorrendo um caso de expulsão unilateral. Após 4 anos de seguimento, não houve falha do método. CONCLUSÃO: A oclusão tubária por via histeroscópica em regime ambulatorial e sem anestesia foi um procedimento rápido, bem tolerado, isento de complicações graves e com alta taxa de sucesso e satisfação das pacientes.

Initial experience with hysteroscopic tubal occlusion (Essure®) / Experiência inicial com a oclusão tubária por via histeroscópica (Essure®)

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate results of early tubal occlusions performed by hysteroscopy (Essure®). Methods This prospective study included 38 patients, 73.7% of them were white, mean age 34.5 years, they have had on average 3 pregnancies and 2.7 of deliveries. A total of 86.8% of patients previously prepared the endometrium. All procedures were carried out at outpatient unit without anesthesia. Results Insertion rate of the device was 100% at a mean time of 4 minutes and 50 seconds. Based on the analogical visual scale, average pain reported was three, and 55.3% of women did not report pain after the procedure. After 3 months, 89.5% of patients were very satisfied with the method. Simple radiographs of the pelvis showed 92.1% of topical devices, and one case of unilateral expulsion had occurred. A four years follow-up did not show failure in the method. Conclusions Tubal occlusion through hysteroscopy at outpatient unit and without anesthesia was a quickly and well-tolerated procedure. No serious complications were seen, the success rate was high, and patients were satisfied.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar os resultados das primeiras oclusões tubárias realizadas pela via histeroscópica (Essure®). Métodos Estudo prospectivo com 38 pacientes, sendo 73,7% caucasianas, com média de idade de 34,5 anos, e com 3 gestações e 2,7 partos em média. Do total, 86,8% das pacientes fizeram preparo prévio do endométrio. Todos os procedimentos foram ambulatoriais e sem anestesia. Resultados A taxa de inserção do dispositivo foi de 100%, com tempo médio de 4 minutos e 50 segundos. Segundo a Escala Visual Analógica, a dor média obtida foi de três, e 55,3% das mulheres não referiram qualquer dor após o método. Ocorreu um caso de reflexo vagal e 89,5% das pacientes retornaram às atividades normais no mesmo dia. Após 3 meses, 89,5% das pacientes encontravam-se muito satisfeitas com o método. A radiografia simples da pelve evidenciou 92,1% de dispositivos tópicos, ocorrendo um caso de expulsão unilateral. Após 4 anos de seguimento, não houve falha do método. Conclusão A oclusão tubária por via histeroscópica em regime ambulatorial e sem anestesia foi um procedimento rápido, bem tolerado, isento de complicações graves e com alta taxa de sucesso e satisfação das pacientes.

[Predictive factors for recurrence of ovarian endometrioma after laparoscopic excision]. / Fatores preditores de recorrência do endometrioma ovariano após tratamento laparoscópico.

PURPOSE: To analyze the factors that might influence the recurrence of ovarian endometriomas after laparoscopic excision. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study. We evaluated 129 patients who underwent laparoscopic excision of ovarian endometriomas from 2003 to 2012 and who were followed up for at least two years after surgery. Vaginal ultrasound was repeated to exclude persistent lesion and to identify recurrence. The Student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables and the χ2 or Fischer exact test (for values of less than five) was used to test homogeneity between proportions. A logistic regression model for multivariate proportional hazards was used to analyze predictors of long-term outcome. The level of significance was set at 5% in all analyses. RESULTS: The overall rate of ovarian endometrioma recurrence was 18.6%. Endometrioma diameter, surgical procedure techniques and demographic data such as age, presenting symptoms, body mass index, smoking and physical exercise habits were not associated with recurrence, whereas interruption of postoperative medical treatment was significantly correlated with a higher recurrence rate (OR 23.7; 95%CI 5.26-107.05; p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Current oral contraceptive use appears to be associated with a dramatic reduction in the risk of recurrence of ovarian endometriotic cysts. Treatment interruption was associated with a higher recurrence rate of ovarian endometrioma after laparoscopic treatment.

Fatores preditores de recorrência do endometrioma ovariano após tratamento laparoscópico / Predictive factors for recurrence of ovarian endometrioma after laparoscopic excision

OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores que possam influenciar na recorrência do endometrioma ovariano após tratamento videolaparoscópico. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo. Foram avaliadas 129 pacientes submetidas à videolaparoscopia, entre 2003 e 2012, para tratamento de endometrioma ovariano, com seguimento pós-operatório mínimo de 2 anos. Foi realizada ultrassonografia transvaginal para excluir persistência da lesão e identificação de recidiva. Para comparação de variáveis contínuas foi utilizado o teste t de Student, e para o teste de homogeneidade entre as proporções, o teste do χ2 ou exato de Fisher (para frequências menores do que cinco). Para a obtenção de fatores prognósticos ligados à recidiva foi aplicado o modelo de regressão linear multivariado. O nível de significância utilizado para a análise foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: A taxa de recorrência foi de 18.6%. O tamanho do endometrioma, a modalidade cirúrgica empregada e os dados demográficos como idade, índice de massa corpórea, presença de sintomas, tabagismo e prática de exercícios físicos não se associaram ao aumento da recorrência. Foi observado que a interrupção do tratamento clínico pós-operatório apresentou risco significativo para aumento da recorrência (OR 23,7; IC95% 5,26-107,05; p=0,001). CONCLUSÃO: O uso contínuo de contracepção oral parece reduzir dramaticamente a taxa de recidiva de endometrioma ovariano. Neste estudo, a interrupção do tratamento foi o fator associado com maior taxa de recidiva da lesão após o tratamento videolaparoscópico. .

PURPOSE: To analyze the factors that might influence the recurrence of ovarian endometriomas after laparoscopic excision. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study. We evaluated 129 patients who underwent laparoscopic excision of ovarian endometriomas from 2003 to 2012 and who were followed up for at least two years after surgery. Vaginal ultrasound was repeated to exclude persistent lesion and to identify recurrence. The Student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables and the χ2 or Fischer exact test (for values of less than five) was used to test homogeneity between proportions. A logistic regression model for multivariate proportional hazards was used to analyze predictors of long-term outcome. The level of significance was set at 5% in all analyses. RESULTS: The overall rate of ovarian endometrioma recurrence was 18.6%. Endometrioma diameter, surgical procedure techniques and demographic data such as age, presenting symptoms, body mass index, smoking and physical exercise habits were not associated with recurrence, whereas interruption of postoperative medical treatment was significantly correlated with a higher recurrence rate (OR 23.7; 95%CI 5.26-107.05; p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Current oral contraceptive use appears to be associated with a dramatic reduction in the risk of recurrence of ovarian endometriotic cysts. Treatment interruption was associated with a higher recurrence rate of ovarian endometrioma after laparoscopic treatment. .