THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to assess the correlation of various maxillofacial structures in subjects with different types of craniofacial growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of comparing the morphology of the masseter muscles (thickness, area, echostructure) in 30 volunteers aged from 18 to 25 years without malocclusions and different type of craniofacial growth were presented. RESULTS: A significant correlation between the thickness of the masseter muscles and morphology of the facial skull was observed: the smallest thickness of masseter muscles was in subjects with vertical type of craniofacial growth, the largest - in patients with horizontal type of craniofacial growth. The study results improved ultrasound technique of masseter muscles assessment including methods for measuring the thickness, area and echostructure on ultrasound images. CONCLUSION: The obtained results may be seen as reference points for assessment of the same structures in patients with malocclusions.
Masseter Muscle , Skull , Cephalometry , Face , Humans , Masseter Muscle/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography
A 6-year-old boy with a skeletal Class III malocclusion was treated with the use of the fixed own design orthodontic appliance. The device includes acrylic-splint with a three-sided (Bertoni) screw mounted in them, an arc element in the region of the front teeth for protractive action on them, metal hooks for the face mask. Orthodontic treatment using that appliance allowed to normalize the upper dental arche in the sagittal and transversal directions. Thus, conditions for normal growth and development of the dentofacial complex were created, which is the main goal of early orthodontic intervention.
Malocclusion, Angle Class III , Orthodontic Appliance Design , Cephalometry , Child , Dental Care , Humans , Male , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/therapy , Masks , Treatment Outcome
The paper describes technical and methodological features of electronic registry in orthodontic clinic. The authors elaborated custom made software according to Russian Ministry of Health requirements for medical local nets and databases. The registry allows processing of medical statistics and forming of reports, as well as analyzing medical staff effectiveness and seasonal dynamics of clinical work.
Electronic Health Records/organization & administration , Electronic Health Records/standards , Orthodontics , Physician-Patient Relations , Humans , Russia
Angular and linear parameters, characterizing symmetry of occlusional plane position from the left and the right sides with regard to poL-n-poR reference plane, and also relative to PL plane were determined and offered using complex "Head-Dentitions" 3D-model.
Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/methods , Head/anatomy & histology , Jaw Abnormalities/diagnosis , Models, Anatomic , Tooth Abnormalities/diagnosis , Dental Occlusion , Humans , Young Adult
60 children with different types occlusion--normal, distal, mesial and transverse between the ages 7-15 years were selected. Using unique computer software programme and 3D digitizer MicroScribe-G2 (Company Immersion, USA) on the articulator with mounted casts, persuaded measuring the scores in different movements of mandible habitual occlusion, maximum forward movement and maximum lateral movements. Scores were calculated and results interpreted.
Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Malocclusion/physiopathology , Mandible/physiopathology , Mastication , Software , Adolescent , Child , Dental Articulators , Female , Humans , Male , Models, Dental , Movement
25 subjects aged 19-25 years with normal occlusion were assessed using radiographic and functional methods. Individual differences in occlusion plane form and position and dentofacial muscles functioning were established.
Dental Occlusion , Adult , Age Factors , Electromyography , Humans , Jaw/physiology , Masticatory Muscles/physiology , Muscle Tonus , Radiography, Dental
25 subjects aged 19-25 years with Class II malocclusion were assessed using radiographic and functional methods of diagnosis. Individual differences in occlusion plane form and position and dentofacial muscles functioning were established.
Malocclusion, Angle Class II/diagnosis , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Electromyography , Facial Muscles/physiopathology , Humans , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/diagnostic imaging , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/physiopathology , Radiography, Dental
Orthodontics/history , Publications/history , Schools, Dental/history , Societies, Dental/history , History, 20th Century , Orthodontics/education , Orthodontics/organization & administration , Russia (Pre-1917) , Schools, Dental/organization & administration , Societies, Dental/organization & administration , USSR
Thirty patients with sagittal, vertical, and transverse abnormalities of occlusion combined with abnormal position of the frontal teeth and improper shape and size of dentition were examined. The position of maxillary canines was evaluated by the method suggested by L. Garner (1974) determining the relationship between the location of frontal teeth and position of soft facial tissues.
Facial Asymmetry/etiology , Incisor/pathology , Malocclusion/complications , Humans , Lip/pathology , Malocclusion/pathology , Odontometry/methods
A new method for evaluation of dentition during occlusion is suggested (2001). Thirty patients with normal occlusion were examined. Dental occlusion was evaluated for the frontal and lateral segments. Frontal and lateral (right and left) segments of the upper and lower teeth were examined, The upper and lower segments differed in size: the mean size of the upper frontal segment was 37.7 +/- 1.7 mm, that of the lower frontal segment 36.2 +/- 1.7 mm. The proportionality index was 1.04. The lateral segments of the upper and lower teeth were equal, their mean size being 20.2 +/- 0.8 mm. Hence, measurements of dentition segments during occlusion help evaluate their proportionality and detect changes in their sizes in patients with maxillodental abnormalities.
Anthropometry/methods , Dental Occlusion , Dentition , Orthodontics/methods , Humans , Malocclusion/diagnosis
Changes in the functions of maxillofacial muscles were studied in patients with first-class defects of dentition. The mean biopotential of masticatory muscles in patients lacking 1 antagonist pair is 30.4% and in those lacking 4 pairs 59.5% lower vs. the norm. The bio-excess coefficient is 23.7% decreased in subjects lacking 1 antagonist pair and 52% decreased in those lacking 4 antagonist pairs. Hence, the function of maxillofacial muscles depends on the extent of dentition defect.
Masticatory Muscles/physiopathology , Tooth Loss/physiopathology , Adult , Dentition, Permanent , Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology , Humans , Middle Aged
Anthropometric, functional, and long-distance x-ray examinations of 26 subjects with normal occlusion (14 women and 12 men aged 20-27 years) were carried out in order to define the topographic and anatomical criteria for repair of maxillofacial harmony in case of lost occlusive checkpoints. Basic topographic and anatomical criteria of repair of the maxillofacial system in patients with lost occlusion checkpoints (level of position and direction of occlusion surface in the facial skull) were defined on the basis of long-distance roentgenograms of the head in the lateral projection. Individually determined occlusion surface is the key to repair of morphofunctional harmony of the maxillofacial system in patients with abnormalities complicated by decreased height of the lower segment of the face. A principally new concept of orthodontic treatment of patients with lost occlusion checkpoints by diagnostic topographic and anatomical criteria is suggested and a strategy of pathogenetic orthodontic treatment of this patient population has been developed on the basis of this concept.
Cephalometry , Dental Occlusion , Facial Bones/anatomy & histology , Facial Bones/physiology , Mandible/physiology , Masticatory Muscles/physiology , Adult , Anthropometry , Electromyography , Facial Bones/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Male , Orthodontics, Corrective , Radiography
Anthropometric, functional, and teleroentgenographic examinations were carried out in 26 subjects aged 20-27 years with functional occlusion. Correlation of occlusion plane direction (OcP) with respect to the Frankfurt horizontal line (FH) and the dental, gnathic, and soft tissue parameters of the head and maxillofacial muscular functions was studied. The angle formed by the Frankfurt horizontal line and occlusion plate (FH-OcP) depends on the anthropometric angular and linear osseous parameters of the facial skull and soft tissue parameters of the face and with the functional status and coordination activity of maxillofacial muscles antagonists and synergists. It is noteworthy that the FH-OcP angle depends on the level of disposition and, which is still more important, on the direction of occlusion surface, and evaluation of individual OcP is the key to restoration of the morphofunctional harmony of the maxillofacial system during orthodontic treatment.
Cephalometry , Dental Occlusion , Dentition , Face/anatomy & histology , Jaw/anatomy & histology , Adult , Cephalometry/statistics & numerical data , Electromyography , Face/physiology , Facial Muscles/anatomy & histology , Facial Muscles/physiology , Female , Humans , Jaw/physiology , Male , Orthodontics, Corrective , Reference Values
The present study has been done in the framework of federal programme "Children of Chernobyl" with the aim to determine spread and structure of dental jaw abnormalities in children born and living in the radiation polluted regions after Chernobyl accident in 1986. 183 children have been examined in Donskoi town of Tula Province with the polluted soil by Cs-137 up to 5 Ci/km. All the examined children were divided into 2 groups: group 1--born in 1980-1986 and group 2--born in 1987-1994. It was determined that 76.5% of children have dental jaw system abnormalities. The most spread ones were occlusion abnormalities in combination with teeth abnormalities (28.9% cases) while the state of dental jaw system corresponding to the age standard was 2 times rarer in children born after the Chernobyl accident.
Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced/epidemiology , Cesium/adverse effects , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Maxillofacial Abnormalities/epidemiology , Power Plants , Radioactive Hazard Release , Soil Pollutants, Radioactive/adverse effects , Tooth Abnormalities/epidemiology , Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced/etiology , Child , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Maxillofacial Abnormalities/etiology , Prevalence , Russia , Tooth Abnormalities/etiology , Ukraine
The electromyogram (EMG) amplitude of the masticatory and temporal muscles is decreased and EMG amplitude of suprasublingual muscles increased during mastication or voluntary occlusion in patients with class I dentition defects in comparison with the controls. The changes were the greater, the more antagonist pairs were missing. The duration of masticatory period and the number of masticatory movements increased. The most notable changes in the muscular activity are observed in subjects with 4 antagonist pairs missing.
Dentition, Permanent , Masticatory Muscles/physiopathology , Tooth Loss/physiopathology , Electromyography/statistics & numerical data , Electrophysiology , Humans
The authors propose a device for measuring plaster models of patients' jaws with normal occlusion in order to evaluate the distance from the coordinate point to the point between the incisors (i), points of contact of the canines (p) and of contact of the first molars of the maxilla and mandible (m). It is possible to assess the position of the upper and lower dentition in the skull space in relation to the universal parameter--the coordinate point common for both dentitions and parameters of the skull.
Jaw/anatomy & histology , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Adolescent , Child , Dental Articulators , Dental Occlusion , Humans , Jaw/diagnostic imaging , Models, Dental , Radiography , Reference Values , Tooth/diagnostic imaging
The new nasopharyngoscopic functional classification of palatopharyngeal joining is based on the results of examinations of 57 children with congenital uranoschisis after uranoplasty and 19 healthy children aged 5 to 14 years by nasopharyngoendoscopy. The classification defines the causes of palatopharyngeal insufficiency and for the first time takes into consideration the disagreement between the palatopharyngeal lock and articulation. The proposed classification helps select the most effective method of rehabilitation of the above patient population and helps follow up the time course of changes in the function of the palatopharyngeal lock under the effect of treatment.
Cleft Palate/surgery , Postoperative Complications/classification , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/classification , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Endoscopes , Fiber Optic Technology/instrumentation , Humans , Male , Nasopharynx , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Period , Time Factors , Velopharyngeal Insufficiency/diagnosis
