Corrigendum: Discovery of metastases in thyroid cancer and "benign metastasizing goiter": a historical note.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1354750.].

Discovery of metastases in thyroid cancer and "benign metastasizing goiter": a historical note.

At the beginning of the eighteenth century, most physicians recognized cancer as an aggressive process that gradually spreads, leading to cachexia and death. Thyroid malignancies had long been underestimated because the majority of the population of West Europe suffered from diffuse goiters that masked malignant processes in the neck. Moreover, the life expectancy at that time was very low (about 37-40 years), so the majority of people died of other causes before metastatic thyroid cancer could develop and manifest. Nevertheless, in 1817, French dermatologist Jean Louis Alibert described the first case of a malignant tumor involving the thyroid gland. From the 1820s the number of case reports describing thyroid cancer increased. Even though Jean Claude Recamier described metastases in 1829, secondary lesions on various organs in patients with thyroid malignancies were not themselves considered malignant until 1876.

Advancement in the Treatment of Osteoporosis and the Effects on Bone Healing.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a major global health concern, with aging being one of the most important risk factors. Osteoarthritis (OA) is also an age-related disorder. Patients with OP and/or OA may be treated surgically for fractures or when their quality of life is impaired. Poor bone quality due to OP can seriously complicate the stability of a bone fixation construct and/or surgical fracture treatment. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the pathophysiology of normal and osteoporotic bone healing, the effect of a bone fracture on bone turnover markers, the diagnosis of a low bone mineral density (BMD) before surgical intervention, and the effect of available anti-osteoporosis treatment. Interventions that improve bone health may enhance the probability of favorable surgical outcomes. Fracture healing and the treatment of atypical femoral fractures are also discussed.