[Interferon inductor activity and interferon production under the action of acridonacetic acid salts].

Peculiarities of the kinetics of accumulation and duration of circulation of three types of interferon under the action of acridonacetic acid salts have been studied. Optimum doses of meglumine salt of acridonacetic acid are established, which ensure efficient and consistent induction of three interferon types, ensuring their prolonged circulation in the blood.

[Comparative evaluation of reamberin and mafusol on acute toxic liver damage models].

Comparative evaluation of the infusion of reamberin and mafusol has been carried out on the model of toxic liver damage caused by ammonium chloride. Reamberin contributed to more rapid normalization of indices due to an increase in the substrate reserve for energy metabolism. In a group of animals with alcohol intoxication, only the treatment with Reamberin allowed the system of antioxidant protection (reduced glutathione, thiol groups) and functional activity of the liver to be to normalized by the end of experiments on a level of the control group (intact animals).

[Intrahepatic induction of endogenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine against the background of various ways of administration of methionine-succinate complex and its role in drug-induced liver lesion correction].

A comparative study of the level of endogenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) with other hepatoprotectors in pharmacological correction of liver drug lesion. Among 117male rats. It has been shown that among antituberculous drugs only Remaxol and Runihol were causing significant increase in endogenic S4M. Taking into account the amelioration of lab results as well as histological condition of the liver against the background of Remaxol treatment as well as positive effect of Runihol treatment upon cholestasis, one can draw a conclusion upon the importance of succinic acid together with SAM induction as a part of hepatoprotective effect of the drug. Reamberin, which contains succinic acid without methionine also shows hepatoprotective qualities and doesn't induce endogenous SAM production. Positive therapeutic effect of exogenous SAM regardless the way of administration doesn't correlate with endogenous SAM induction, and is associated with the external hepatocyte cell membrane restoration.

[Effect of succinate- and methionine-containing drug runihol on reparative regeneration processes in liver under experimental hepatectomy conditions].

The effect of runihol and ademethionine on the processes of reparative regeneration in the liver has been experimentally studied in a group of 78 white male rats subjected to partial hepatectomy, in comparison to intact and drug-untreated operated control animals. The administration of ademethionine and runihol within the first four days after operation led to a decrease in the relative area of discomplexation in liver beams and the appearance of prerequisites of the activation of regeneration processes. A morphometric investigation showed that ademethionine stimulated intracellular regeneration reactions on all terms after the partial extirpation of liver, the most pronounced effect being observed on the 4th and 10th days, while the administration of runihol led to comparable effects only on the 14th day. The activation of regeneration processesin the liver parenchyma is retained after cancellation of the preparations.

[Pathogenetic correction of metabolic disturbances in chronic liver affections].

The available drugs for the treatment of chronic liver affections (the adequate model is chronic hepatitis C) include agents of metabolic therapy, whose efficacy is not always enough, that required the search for original mitochondrial substrates on the basis of succinate. Such agents were composed as a pharmaceutical group named "Substrates of Energetic Metabolism" or "Substrate Antihypoxants". The review presents the description of the pharmacological effects of remaxole and cytoflavin, evident from lower levels of active metabolites of oxygen that increases the clinical efficacy of the therapy. Their role in the metabolic reactions in chronic liver affections is exclusive and rather actual.

[Antioxidant and membranoprotector treatment of chronic pyelonephritis].

The results of investigation of the clinical efficiency of using the antioxidant drug cytoflavin in a complex therapy of patients with chronic pyelonephritis prior to development of azotemia are presented. It is shown that cytoflavin in combination with basic therapy reduces the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes (as monitored using diene conjugates, malonic dialdehyde, and Schiffbase metabolites) with retention of the antioxidant status. The proposed treatment normalizes the ratio of blood plasma phospholipid fractions and erythrocytes membranes.

[Remaxol restores the liver antioxidant protection system in experimental cyclophosphan-induced injury].

It is established that remaxol influences the main links of cells antioxidant system in case of experimental drug-induced liver damage. The injection of remaxol to animals with hepatotoxic damage increases the level of restored glutathione and maintains the concentration of SH groups of proteins in liver tissues on the level typical of intact animals. Remaxol helps to keep intact the energetic substrates of hepatocytes by saving the activity of glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase (which increases restored NADPH and glutathione enzymes), thus preventing the oxidative destruction of glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase. The antioxidant effect has been also confirmed by the study of catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity, the concentration of which under the action of remaxol increased above the normal level. Additional evidence is a remaxol-induced decrease in concentration of the final products of lipid peroxidation.

[Cycloferon in emergency prophylaxis of respiratory viral infections and influenza].

Medicinal products for the treatment and prevention of influenza and acute respiratory infection (ARI) are listed. Clinical symptoms of ARI in the period of enhanced morbidity during 2009-2010 are described. Different forms of control of viral infections are discussed. Clinical and epidemiological efficacy of cyclopheron for the treatment of ARI and influenza in organized groups of population is assessed.

[Induction of endogenous s-adenosyl-l-methionine in hepatocytes during pharmacological correction of experimental acute toxic and chronic drug-induced liver injury].

The level of endogenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) production during pharmacological correction of acute toxic (tetrachloromethane) and chronic drug-induced liver injury treated by remaxol, exogenous ademethionine, and reamberin has been studied on 118 outbred male rats. It is established that, upon a single introduction of tetrachlormethane (acute toxic injury model), remaxol and exogenous SAM produced a gain in the endogenous SAM level in hepatocytes. At the same time, in the case of chronic drug-induced injury (antituberculosis drugs), only remaxol caused authentic growth of the endogenous SAM level that was comparable with a compensatory growth of SAM at nontreated animals. Considering the improvement of laboratory indicators and the histological pattern of liver in animals treated by remaxol, it is possible to conclude on the important role of succinic acid along with the induction of SAM, in the hepatoprotective effect of drugs. This is confirmed by the effect of reamberin, which contains only succinic acid without methionine and does not cause induction of endogenous SAM.

[Experimental study of cytoprotector effect of succinate-containing drugs on functional activity of liver].

Hepatoprotective effect of metabolism correctors has been studied on the model of experimental viral and toxic damage of the liver. Reamberin-based substrate compositions (cytoflavin and remaxol) exhibit antihypoxic effect, antioxidant activity, and cytoprotective action on the background of metabolic effect. Based on these results, the indicated preparations are recommended for clinical trials on acute and chronic viral liver disorders.

[Pathogenetically substantiated therapy of patients with virus hepatitis C, quality of life, and the disease outcome risk (clinical survey)].

The aspects of virus hepatitis C immunopathogenesis are discussed. The main attention is paid to higher production of Th1 cytokines providing active protection of the host from HCV. The up-to-date approaches to the therapy of chronic hepatitis C, described in the literature and the original ones, including the triple therapy with immunomodulators of various mechanisms of action, i.e. cycloferon (injections and tablets), galavit and derinat are presented. The comparative efficacy of the therapy is estimated. Cycloferon is shown to be the drug of choice in the treatment of patients with virus hepatitis addicted to narcotics. The clinical and laboratory efficacy of the metabolic hepatoprotector remaxol with antioxidant activity is described. Its high effictivity and satisfactory tolerability (side effects requiring discontinuation of the drug use were recorded only in 0.3% of the cases), as well as the minimal risk of no biochemical remission after its use allow to conseder remaxol as a highly efficient metabolic hepatoprotector for pathogenetic therapy of chronic hepatitis.

[Preclinical study of Reamberin and Remaxol safety].

Preclinical safety of reamberin, a preparation of succinic acid intended for the treatment of patients with shock conditions of different etiology, and remaxol a drug intended for the treatment of patients with liver dysfunction caused by acute intoxication was performed. Both medicines belong to the 5th class of practically non-toxic drugs. Their administration to experimental animals for 30 days did not cause toxic effects on the functional and morphological state of main systems and organs. Both medicines do not affect specific (humoral and cellular) and non-specific immune response and do not cause sensibilization, mutagenic, embryotoxic and teratogenic effects, and also do no alter parameters of reproductive functions of rats.

[Detoxicating properties of remaxol with respect to multiple organ failure during severe ethanol poisoning].

Experiments on male rats showed that severe alcohol poisoning results in a multiple organ failure followed by functional impairment of heart, liver and kidney. Intensive infusion therapy with remaxol was found to significantly restore the functional activity and morphological structure of the target organs of ethanol intoxication. The results suggest that remaxol possesses antihypoxic, detoxicating, and hepatic and renal protective properties with respect to severe ethanol intoxication.

[Assessment of the use of chlorine-containing solid disinfectants in case of avian influenza pandemic].

The paper gives an economic assessment of the present market of monochlorine-containing disinfectants. It analyzes the consumption of disinfectants in g per m2 for disinfection measures in case of avian influenza epidemic.

[Correction of adverse reactions in antimicrobial therapy of respiratory tract tuberculosis].

Hepatoprotective activity of succinate-containing solution (remaxol) in patients with respiratory tract tuberculosis subjected to specific antibacterial polychemotherapy was estimated by the clinical signs of the drug hepatotoxicity, the activity of cytolytic enzymes and the markers of the cholestatic syndrome in regard to the types of the adaptation reactions. The positive influence of remaxol on the signs of the drug hepatotoxicity and adaptation reactions was shown which was indicative of active use of the plastic substrates, increase of reparative processes in hepatocyte and decrease of the pathological types of reactivity in the patients with respiratory tract tuberculosis.