[Morphological criteria for progression risk in patients with prostate cancer after radiation therapy].

AIM: To study an importance of new 2016 WHO histologic grading system for prostate cancer in evaluating the risk of progressing after conformal external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy 125I and androgen deprivation therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 53 patients with prostate acinar adenocarcinoma were undergone to conformal external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy 125I and androgen deprivation therapy. Age of patients was 54-80 years (68.11+/-4.7 years). T3 and T2 prostate cancer was diagnosed in 42 (79.3%) and 11 (20,7%) patients, respectively. Baseline PSA level ranged from 5.5 ng/ml to 311 ng/ml (39.7+/-7.9 ng/ml). According to the new grading system (the WHO classification, 2016), all patients were divided into five risk groups. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 64.9 months. The biochemical progression was seen in two patients, while three patients had metastatic disease. All patients with progressing prostate cancer were from IV and V prognostic groups. The 5-year progression-free survival rates for patients of IV-V and I-III groups were 44, 4% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of combination treatment (conformal external beam radiotherapy, brachytherapy 125I and hormonal therapy), progression-free survival rate in patients of IV (Gleason 4+4=8) and V (Gleason 4+5=9 or 5+5=10) groups, according to new WHO grading system were significantly lower, in comparison with patients of I (Gleason 3+3=6), II (Gleason 3+4=7) and III groups (Gleason 4+3=7). Our study showed that new WHO classification allows to predict the progression of prostate cancer not only after prostatectomy, but also after conformal external beam radiation therapy, combined with brachytherapy 125I and androgen deprivation therapy.

[Tubular interstitial disorders in the nephrotoxic action of antibiotics]. / Tubulointerstitsial'nye narusheniia pri nefrotoksicheskom deistvii antibiotikov.

Experimental and clinical evaluation of antibiotic nephrotoxicity suggest a conclusion that these drugs may cause tubular damage in relatively unaffected function of tubular apparatus. Progression of tubular dysfunction results from accumulation of high concentrations of antibiotics in renal parenchyma due to tubular filtration and secretion of the drug by tubular epithelium cells. In the majority of patients the disease manifestations were directly associated with antibiotics administration. Tubular dysfunctions present as concentration, acid-excretion, glucose transport and beta 2-microglobulin reabsorption abnormalities. Though renal lesions proved benign, there were occasional cases of acute renal insufficiency in the absence of arterial hypertension.

[Tubulointerstitial nephritis in chronic viral diseases of the liver]. / Tubulointerstitsial'nyi nefrit pru khronicheskikh virusnykh zabolevaniiakh pecheni.

The paper reports 4 cases of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) in chronic diffuse diseases of the liver (CDDL). The latter comprised such conditions of virus etiology as chronic active hepatitis, chronic lobular hepatitis. TIN presented with pronounced renal tubular affections: defects of concentration capacity, distal renal tubular acidosis, renal diabetes insipidus. In 3 cases renal lesions occurred 1 and 6 years prior to CDDL detection. TIN pathogenesis in CDDL of viral etiology is discussed.

[Oncogenic osteomalacia: its pathogenesis, clinical picture and treatment]. / Onkogennaia osteomaliatsiia: patogenez, klinika, lechenie.

A female of 53 and male of 35 complained of myasthenia and pain in the bones. Biochemically, they had severe hypophosphatemia secondary to a sharp decline in tubular reabsorption of phosphates. X-ray showed tumor of bone tissue. The patients were diagnosed to have oncogenic osteomalacia. Literature data on pathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of this rare disease are reviewed.

[Visceral manifestations of Wilson-Konovalov disease (analysis of 22 cases)]. / Vistseral'nye proiavleniia bolezni Vil'sona-Konovalova (analiz 22 nabliudenii).

Twenty-two patients with Wilson-Konovalov disease (WKD) had not only hepatic but also visceral symptoms: renal affection, cutaneous vasculitis, arthralgias, endocrine disorders, etc. In 8 of these 22 patients extrahepatic symptoms appeared 10 years before hepatic signs. The latter were distinguished by the frequency of edematic-ascitic syndrome, hemolytic episodes, hemorrhagic syndrome; low activity of serum aminotransferase. Initial neurological symptoms were registered in 6 patients only. 12 patients benefited from copper-eliminating therapy. 4 patients had advanced process which caused death. To detect WKD early, special diagnostic tests should be conducted in all subjects under 45 with hepatic symptoms or WKD-specific visceral manifestations. Examination of the patients' sibs is also desirable.

[Kidney involvement in sarcoidosis]. / Porazhenie pochek pri sarkoidoze.

Variants of renal damage in sarcoidosis demonstrate the diversity of clinical manifestations common to this systemic disease and serve distinctive reference points in the choice of the treatment policy. A well-defined relationship between hypercalciuria associated with sarcoidosis and risk of calcium nephropathy development is, one the one hand, a reliable criterion for the disease activity and, on the other one, the basis for administration of drug the therapy permitting one to control its level (corticosteroids and drugs of the 4-aminoquinoline series). Other variants of renal damage in sarcoidosis, excluding amyloidosis, form the basis for corticosteroid administration even in cases of the presence of renal failure, demonstrating that so-called "dramatic therapy" produces a remarkable beneficial effect characterized by the disappearance of the signs of renal failure.

[Isolation and immunoenzyme determination of human beta 2-microglobulin]. / Poluchenie i immunofermentnoe opredelenie beta 2-mikroglobulina cheloveka.

Two procedures for isolation of homogeneous beta 2-microglobulin from urine of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were developed: a procedure for isolation of beta 2-microglobulin with two-stage gel chromatography on Sephacryl S-200 and a procedure for isolation of homogeneous beta 2-microglobulin with affinity chromatography on rabbit polyclonal antibodies. The microglobulins isolated with the two procedures showed identical physicochemical properties and were used in development of a competitive immunoenzymatic assay method for determination of beta 2-microglobulin in the blood. The method was approved for determination of beta 2-microglobulin in blood serum of patients.

[Labeling of steroids with tritium]. / Poluchenie mechenykh tritiem steroidov.

Conditions have been elaborated for the tritium labeling of some steroids to a molar activity of the order of 1 TBk/mol by heterogeneous catalytic isotopic exchange. For steroids without a keto group, isotopic exchange with gaseous tritium is most effective in neutral solvents, whereas for steroids with a keto group an alkaline medium is preferable. At certain pH values it was possible to void hydrogenation of the double bonds in the compounds.