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1.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 103(5): 443-9, 2008 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18797756

RESUMEN

Natural products have long been providing important drug leads for infectious diseases. Leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasitic disease found mainly in developing countries, and it has toxic therapies with few alternatives. Fungal infections have been the main cause of death in immunocompromised patients and new drugs are urgently needed. In this work, a total of 16 plant species belonging to 11 families, selected on an ethnopharmacological basis, were analyzed in vitro against Leishmania (L.) chagasi, Leishmania (L.) amazonensis, Candida krusei, and C. parapsilosis. Of these plant species, seven showed antifungal activity against C. krusei, five showed antileishmanial activity against L. chagasi and four against L. amazonensis, among them species of genus Plectranthus. Our findings confirm the traditional therapeutic use of these plants in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disorders and also offer insights into the isolation of active and novel drug prototypes, especially those used against neglected diseases as Leishmaniasis.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antiprotozoarios/farmacología , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Leishmania/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Animales , Antifúngicos/aislamiento & purificación , Antiprotozoarios/aislamiento & purificación , Brasil , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Extractos Vegetales/clasificación , Plantas Medicinales/clasificación
2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 103(5): 443-449, Aug. 2008. graf, tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-491977

RESUMEN

Natural products have long been providing important drug leads for infectious diseases. Leishmaniasis is a protozoan parasitic disease found mainly in developing countries, and it has toxic therapies with few alternatives. Fungal infections have been the main cause of death in immunocompromised patients and new drugs are urgently needed. In this work, a total of 16 plant species belonging to 11 families, selected on an ethnopharmacological basis, were analyzed in vitro against Leishmania (L.) chagasi, Leishmania (L.) amazonensis, Candida krusei, and C. parapsilosis. Of these plant species, seven showed antifungal activity against C. krusei, five showed antileishmanial activity against L. chagasi and four against L. amazonensis, among them species of genus Plectranthus. Our findings confirm the traditional therapeutic use of these plants in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disorders and also offer insights into the isolation of active and novel drug prototypes, especially those used against neglected diseases as Leishmaniasis.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antiprotozoarios/farmacología , Candida/efectos de los fármacos , Leishmania/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Antifúngicos/aislamiento & purificación , Antiprotozoarios/aislamiento & purificación , Brasil , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Extractos Vegetales/clasificación , Plantas Medicinales/clasificación
3.
Phytother Res ; 21(7): 644-7, 2007 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17397117

RESUMEN

Natural products represent a rich source of new chemical entities for the development of drugs for neglected diseases. Leishmaniasis still afflicts the poorest populations in the world, with 12 million cases worldwide. This work analysed crude extracts and fractions from the fruits of Cassia fistula against the most dramatic and fatal disease form of leishmaniasis, the visceral form (VL). Hexane extract from the fruits showed significant antileishmanial activity against the promastigote form of Leishmania L. chagasi. The bioguided fractionation resulted in the isolation of a sterol, clerosterol, which was further analysed in different models. Promastigotes presented an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of 10.03 microg/mL and intracellular amastigotes demonstrated high susceptibility, with an IC50 of 18.10 microg/mL. Mammalian cytotoxicity was evaluated and it was demonstrated that clerosterol was 3.6-fold less toxic than the standard drug pentamidine. No antifungal activity of the isolated clerosterol was found. Future studies of the extracted compounds of Cassia fistula could be a useful tool for the development of new therapeutic agents for VL.


Asunto(s)
Antiprotozoarios/farmacología , Cassia , Leishmania/efectos de los fármacos , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Antiprotozoarios/administración & dosificación , Antiprotozoarios/uso terapéutico , Frutas , Humanos , Leishmaniasis Visceral/tratamiento farmacológico , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Parasitaria , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico
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