Background: Currently, there is a spreading worldwide tendency to characterize health issues and to propose alternative solutions via the creation of computerized databases. The aim of this study was to present the results in a computerized database of pediatric cardiac surgeries developed under the auspices of the Mexican Association of Specialists in Congenital Heart Diseases (Asociación Mexicana de Especialistas en Cardiopatías Congénitas A.C) and coordinated by the collegiate group of Pediatric Cardiology and Surgery as petitioned by the National Institutes of Health and High Specialty Hospitals Coordinating Commission. Methods: We analyzed all cases registered in the database during a 1-year observation period (August 1, 2011 to July 31, 2012) by all major Health Ministry-dependent institutes and hospitals offering surgical services related to pediatric cardiopathies to the non-insured population. Results: Seven institutions participated voluntarily in completing the database. During the analyzed period, 943 surgeries in 880 patients with 7% reoperations (n = 63) were registered. Thirty-eight percent of the surgeries were performed in children <1 year of age. The five most common cardiopathies were patent ductus arteriosus (n = 96), ventricular septal defect (n = 86), tetralogy of Fallot (n = 72), atrial septal defect (n = 68), and aortic coarctation (n = 54). Ninety percent of surgeries were elective and extracorporeal circulation was used in 62% of surgeries. Global mortality rate was 7.5% with the following distribution in the RACHS-1 score categories: 1 (n = 4, 2%), 2 (n = 19, 6%), 3 (n = 22, 8%), 4 (n = 12, 19%), 5 (n = 1, 25%), 6 (n = 6, 44%), and non-classifiable (n = 2, 9%). Conclusions: This analysis provides a representative view of the surgical practices in cardiovascular diseases in the pediatric population at the national non-insured population level. However, incorporating other health institutions to the national registry database will render a more accurate panorama of the national reality in surgical practices in the population <18 years of age.
BACKGROUND: Currently, there is a spreading worldwide tendency to characterize health issues and to propose alternative solutions via the creation of computerized databases. The aim of this study was to present the results in a computerized database of pediatric cardiac surgeries developed under the auspices of the Mexican Association of Specialists in Congenital Heart Diseases (Asociación Mexicana de Especialistas en Cardiopatías Congénitas A.C) and coordinated by the collegiate group of Pediatric Cardiology and Surgery as petitioned by the National Institutes of Health and High Specialty Hospitals Coordinating Commission. METHODS: We analyzed all cases registered in the database during a 1-year observation period (August 1, 2011 to July 31, 2012) by all major Health Ministry-dependent institutes and hospitals offering surgical services related to pediatric cardiopathies to the non-insured population. RESULTS: Seven institutions participated voluntarily in completing the database. During the analyzed period, 943 surgeries in 880 patients with 7% reoperations (n=63) were registered. Thirty-eight percent of the surgeries were performed in children <1 year of age. The five most common cardiopathies were patent ductus arteriosus (n=96), ventricular septal defect (n=86), tetralogy of Fallot (n=72), atrial septal defect (n=68), and aortic coarctation (n=54). Ninety percent of surgeries were elective and extracorporeal circulation was used in 62% of surgeries. Global mortality rate was 7.5% with the following distribution in the RACHS-1 score categories: 1 (n=4, 2%), 2 (n=19, 6%), 3 (n=22, 8%), 4 (n=12, 19%), 5 (n=1, 25%), 6 (n=6, 44%), and non-classifiable (n=2, 9%). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis provides a representative view of the surgical practices in cardiovascular diseases in the pediatric population at the national non-insured population level. However, incorporating other health institutions to the national registry database will render a more accurate panorama of the national reality in surgical practices in the population <18 years of age.
INTRODUCTION: Current world tendency is the detection of health problems in order to offer solution alternatives by means of the development of computarized data bases. OBJECTIVE: To present the results of a computerized data base developed for the registry of pediatric cardiac surgery with the support of Asociación Mexicana de Especialistas en Cardiopatías Congénitas (AMECC, A.C.). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A one-year analysis (from August 1, 2011 to July 31, 2012) of a computerized data base was performed with the support of AMECC and the participation of the most important Mexican institutions for pediatric surgical heart disease health care, particularly for the uninsured population. RESULTS: There were 7 health institutions voluntarily incorporated to the national data base registry, and in the first year of observation, 943 surgical procedures in 880 patients and 7% re-operations (n = 63), were reported. Patients up to one-year old accounted for 38%. The most frequent types of operated congenital heart diseases were: patent ductus arteriosus (n = 96), ventricular septal defect (n = 86), tetralogy of Fallot (n = 72), atrial septal defect (n = 68), and aortic coarctation (n = 54). Elective procedures were 90%, and 62% of them were performed with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Overall mortality was 7.5% with the following RACHS-1 score risk distribution: 1 (n = 4.2%), 2 (n = 19.6%), 3 (n = 22.8%), 4 (n = 12.19%), 5 (n = 1.25%), 6 (n = 6.44%) and not classifiable (n = 2.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Although this analysis gives a representative vision of the cardiovascular surgical health care for the uninsured national pediatric population, the incorporation of other health institutions to this data base may lead us to have a most realistic overview in relation to the surgical cardiovascular health care for the up to 18 year-old population.
Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Pediatrics , Registries , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/mortality , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Child , Child, Preschool , Elective Surgical Procedures/mortality , Elective Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Heart Defects, Congenital/epidemiology , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Medically Uninsured , Mexico , Pediatrics/statistics & numerical data , Reoperation/statistics & numerical data , Risk
Innominate artery aneurysms are an uncommon pathology. There are several pathogenic mechanisms involved in their formation, and patients are usually asymptomatic. However, different clinical presentations are possible. Management varies according to anatomic characteristics. Surgical treatment is recommended in order to avoid complications. We present a case of a patient with an innominate artery aneurysm found incidentally during surgery for myocardial revascularization. A 77-year-old male with unstable angina secondary to multivascular ischemic heart disease was subjected to surgery. Coronary angiography did not evaluate the aortic arch and its branches. During the surgical procedure we found a 2-cm saccular aneurysm at the origin of the innominate artery. After completing the revascularization procedure and once the patient was no longer on cardiopulmonary bypass, aneurysmorrhaphy was successfully done.
Aneurysm/surgery , Brachiocephalic Trunk , Myocardial Revascularization , Aged , Humans , Incidental Findings , Male
Los aneurismas de la arteria innominada son una entidad poco frecuente. Los mecanismos patogénicos son variados y los pacientes suelen cursar asintomáticos, aunque pueden presentar diversos cuadros clínicos. El tratamiento quirúrgico depende de las características anatómicas y debe realizarse para prevenir las complicaciones. Se describe el caso de un hombre de 77 años de edad con angina inestable por aterosclerosis coronaria y enfermedad multivascular, en quien incidentalmente durante una revascularización miocárdica se encontró un aneurisma sacular con un diámetro de 2 cm en el origen de la arteria innominada. Después de la revascularización, una vez fuera de la derivación cardiopulmonar y en el mismo tiempo quirúrgico, se realizó aneurismorrafia sin complicaciones, con resultados satisfactorios y sin secuelas neurológicas.
Innominate artery aneurysms are an uncommon pathology. There are several pathogenic mechanisms involved in their formation, and patients are usually asymptomatic. However, different clinical presentations are possible. Management varies according to anatomic characteristics. Surgical treatment is recommended in order to avoid complications. We present a case of a patient with an innominate artery aneurysm found incidentally during surgery for myocardial revascularization. A 77-year-old male with unstable angina secondary to multivascular ischemic heart disease was subjected to surgery. Coronary angiography did not evaluate the aortic arch and its branches. During the surgical procedure we found a 2-cm saccular aneurysm at the origin of the innominate artery. After completing the revascularization procedure and once the patient was no longer on cardiopulmonary bypass, aneurysmorrhaphy was successfully done.
Humans , Male , Aged , Aneurysm/surgery , Brachiocephalic Trunk , Myocardial Revascularization , Incidental Findings
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to identify risk factors for the development of post-sternotomy mediastinitis and sternal dehiscence without infection. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The records of all patients who presented with sternal abnormalities between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2003 were reviewed retrospectively, and potential risk factors were examined. Patients were divided into three groups: group A had mediastinitis; group B had sternal dehiscence; and group C served as a control group. Multivariate analysis was carried out and the three groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: The incidence of mediastinitis was 0.34% and that of sternal dehiscence without mediastinitis was 0.55%. The main risk factors for mediastinitis were postoperative pneumonia (P=.006), urinary tract infection (P=.02), and use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (P=.027). Risk factors for sternal dehiscence without infection were age >60 years (P=.01), postoperative pneumonia (P=.003), antiplatelet agent use (P=.006), and beta-blocker use (P=.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The incidences and risk factors for mediastinitis and sternal dehiscence were different in this series. Postoperative pneumonia was the only risk factor common to the two conditions.
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Mediastinitis/etiology , Postoperative Complications , Sternum , Surgical Wound Dehiscence/etiology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Mediastinitis/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sternum/surgery , Surgical Wound Dehiscence/epidemiology
Introducción y objetivos. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue identificar los factores de riesgo para presentar mediastinitis postesternotomía o dehiscencia esternal sin infección. Pacientes y método. Se revisaron, en forma de cohorte retrospectiva, los expedientes de los pacientes que presentaron alteraciones esternales entre el 1 de enero de 1997 y el 31 de diciembre de 2003; se analizaron los factores considerados de riesgo y se dividió a los pacientes en 3 grupos: A, con mediastinitis; B, con dehiscencia esternal, y C, grupo control. Se realizaron un análisis multivariable y pruebas de Kruskal-Wallis para comparar los 3 grupos. Resultados. Se encontró una incidencia de mediastinitis del 0,34% y de dehiscencia de esternón sin mediastinitis del 0,55%. Los principales factores de riesgo para mediastinitis fueron: neumonía postoperatoria (p = 0,006), infección de vías urinarias (p = 0,02) y uso de balón intraaórtico de contrapulsación (p = 0,027). Los factores de riesgo para dehiscencia esternal sin infección fueron: edad > 60 años (p = 0,01), neumonía postoperatoria (p = 0,003), tratamiento con antiagregantes plaquetarios (p = 0,006) y tratamiento con bloqueadores beta (p = 0,0001). Conclusiones. La incidencia de mediastinitis difiere de la de dehiscencia esternal y se asocia con factores de riesgo distintos, con excepción de la neumonía postoperatoria, que favorece la aparición de ambas complicaciones
Introduction and objectives. The aim of our study was to identify risk factors for the development of post-sternotomy mediastinitis and sternal dehiscence without infection. Patients and method. The records of all patients who presented with sternal abnormalities between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2003 were reviewed retrospectively, and potential risk factors were examined. Patients were divided into three groups: group A had mediastinitis; group B had sternal dehiscence; and group C served as a control group. Multivariate analysis was carried out and the three groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results. The incidence of mediastinitis was 0.34% and that of sternal dehiscence without mediastinitis was 0.55%. The main risk factors for mediastinitis were postoperative pneumonia (P=.006), urinary tract infection (P=.02), and use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (P=.027). Risk factors for sternal dehiscence without infection were age >60 years (P=.01), postoperative pneumonia (P=.003), antiplatelet agent use (P=.006), and beta-blocker use (P=.0001). Conclusions. The incidences and risk factors for mediastinitis and sternal dehiscence were different in this series. Postoperative pneumonia was the only risk factor common to the two conditions
Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Middle Aged , Humans , Mediastinitis/etiology , Surgical Wound Dehiscence/etiology , Mediastinitis/epidemiology , Surgical Wound Dehiscence/epidemiology , Sternum/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Incidence
