RESUMEN
Resumo Objetivo comparar os efeitos do treinamento resistido (TR) e Pilates na qualidade de vida (QV) de idosas. Foi realizado um estudo de delineamento experimental com intervenção de 12 semanas. Métodos Foram avaliadas mulheres idosas (≥60 anos) que não praticavam nenhum tipo de exercício físico regularmente há pelo menos 3 meses. Participaram do estudo 41 idosas que foram aleatoriamente divididas em três grupos:1- grupo Pilates (GP), 2- grupo treinamento resistido (GTR) e 3- grupo controle (GC). Para avaliar a QV, foram utilizados os questionários WHOQOL-OLD, WHOQOL-BREF e SF-36. Foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney para analisar a evolução das variáveis intragrupo e o teste de Kruskal-Wallis com post hoc de Dunn para as análises intergrupos. Para a comparação das variáveis de caracterização da amostra entre os grupos foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado. Resultados Observou-se melhora do domínio Participação Social para o GP (p=0,016). No GTR, foi encontrada diferença significativa para o domínio Saúde Mental (p=0,019). No GC, observou-se melhora do domínio Participação Social (p=0,044) e Escore Total do WHOQOL-OLD (p=0,044). Nas comparações intergrupos, observou-se diferença do Escore Total do WHOQOL-BREF do GP e GTR, com o GP apresentando uma melhor QV no início do estudo (p=0,039). A Vitalidade (p=0,010) e Saúde Mental (p=0,024) do GTR melhorou em relação ao GP. Conclusão Os grupos analisados melhoraram sua QV após o período de intervenção.
Abstract Objective The objective of the study was to compare the effects of resistance training (RT) and Pilates on the quality of life (QOL) of elderly women. An experimental design study was carried out with a 12-week intervention. Methods Elderly women (≥60 years) who did not practice any type of physical exercise regularly for at least 3 months were evaluated. The study included 41 elderly women who were randomly divided into three groups: 1- Pilates group (PG), 2- Resistance training group (RTG) and 3- Control group (CG). To assess QOL, the WHOQOL-OLD, WHOQOL-BREF and SF-36 questionnaires were used. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Test was used to analyze the evolution of intragroup variables and the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc for intergroup analyzes. To compare the sample characterization variables between the groups, the chi-square test was used. Results There was an improvement in the Social Participation domain for the PG (p=0.016). In the RTG, a significant difference was found for the Mental Health domain (p=0,019). In the CG, there was an improvement in the Social Participation domain (p=0.044) and Total WHOQOL-OLD Score (p=0.044). In the intergroup comparisons, there was a difference in the WHOQOL-BREF Total Score of the PG and RTG, with the PG presenting a better QOL at the beginning of the study (p=0.039). The Vitality (p=0,010) and Mental Health (p=0,024) of the RTG improved in relation to the PG. Conclusion The groups analyzed improved their QOL after the intervention period.
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT The objective of this review was to analyze the evidence of Pilates in physical fitness related to health in the elderly. The article indexing databases (Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo, Lilacs, and Cochrane) were reviewed along with the Pilates, elderly and aging descriptors. A total of 41 studies with a randomized experimental and quasi-experimental design met the inclusion criteria. The selection of the studies was carried out by two researchers and the quality of the articles was assessed using the PEDro scale. Interventions ranged from 4-24 weeks with 1-3 sessions/week, and balance was the most investigated variable. The studies included in this review indicate that Pilates improves health status in the elderly, promoting gains in balance, muscle strength, flexibility, functional autonomy, muscular endurance, body composition and aerobic endurance. Despite these findings, some variables need to be further investigated. Level of Evidence II; Systematic review.
RESUMO O objetivo desta revisão foi analisar as evidências do Pilates na aptidão física relacionada com a saúde de idosos. Foram revisadas as bases de indexação de artigos (Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo, Lilacs e Cochrane), com os descritores "Método pilates, idosos e envelhecimento". Atenderam os critérios de inclusão 41 estudos com delineamento randomizado experimental e "quase experimental". A seleção dos estudos foi realizada por dois pesquisadores e a qualidade dos artigos foi avaliada pela escala PEDro. As intervenções variaram entre 4 e 24 semanas, de 1 a 3 sessões/semana e a variável mais investigada foi o equilíbrio. Os estudos incluídos nesta revisão indicam que a prática de Pilates melhora as condições de saúde dos idosos, promovendo ganhos de equilíbrio, força muscular, flexibilidade, autonomia funcional, resistência muscular, composição corporal e resistência aeróbica. Apesar destes achados, algumas variáveis precisam ser mais investigadas. Nível de Evidência II; Revisão sistemática.
RESUMEN El objetivo de esta revisión fue analizar las evidencias del Pilates en la aptitud física relacionada a la salud de individuos de la tercera edad. Se revisaron las bases indexadoras de artículos (Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Scielo, Lilacs, y Cochrane), con los descriptores "Método pilates, ancianos y envejecimiento". Se cumplieron los criterios de inclusión 41 estudios con delineación experimental aleatorizada y "casi experimental". La selección de los estudios fue realizada por dos investigadores y la calidad de los artículos fue evaluada a través de la escala PEDro. Las intervenciones variaron entre 4-24 semanas, de 1-3 sesiones/semana y la variable más investigada fue el equilibrio. Los estudios incluidos en esta revisión indican que la práctica del Pilates mejora las condiciones de salud de los individuos de la tercera edad, promoviendo aumentos de equilibrio, fuerza muscular, flexibilidad, autonomía funcional, resistencia muscular, composición corporal y resistencia aeróbica. A pesar de estos hallazgos, algunas variables necesitan ser más investigadas. Nível de Evidencia II; Revision sistemática.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between leisure-time physical activity (PA) (walking, moderate- and vigorous-intensity activities) and transport (active commuting) with quality of life (QoL) domains (physical, social relations, environmental and psychological). METHODS: Participants were 1,461 adults (18-65 years) living in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. QoL was assessed using the abbreviated WHOQoL questionnaire and PA through the IPAQ long version. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the relationship between PA types (walking, moderate and vigorous) and domains (leisure and transport) with QoL domains. RESULTS: Walking for leisure was positively associated with social relations (ß = 1.5; P = 0.011) and environment (ß = 3.3; P = 0.015) domains among men and with physical (ß = 3.2; P = 0.04), environment (ß = 4.1; P = 0.011) and psychological (ß = 3.2; P = 0.009) domains among women. Moderate intensity PA was associated with all but the physical QoL domain among women. Among men, this association was observed only between insufficient levels of PA and the physical domain of QoL (ß = 3.0; P = 0.016). Vigorous PA was associated with social relations (ß = 3.4; P = 0.034) and psychological (ß = 4.2; P = 0.009) QoL domains. Transport PA was only associated with the physical QoL domain in men (ß = 3.1; P = 0.042). CONCLUSION: There is a positive relationship between PA and QoL, though this association varies according to the type and intensity of PA and differs across QoL domains. Unlike transport PA, leisure-time PA shows consistent association with QoL.
Asunto(s)
Adaptación Psicológica , Actividad Motora , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Índice de Masa Corporal , Brasil , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Lineales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Psicometría , Estrés Psicológico , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Sintetizar e analisar as evidências da literatura sobre a associação entre atividade física e qualidade de vida. MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática nas bases PubMed, Lilacs e SciELO com utilização dos descritores "physical activity", "motor activity", "exercise", "walking", "running", "physical fitness", "sport", "life style", "quality of life", "WHOQOL" e "SF". Foram selecionados 38 estudos publicados entre 1980 e 2010 que utilizaram algum instrumento de medida da atividade física e com alguma versão dos questionários Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey ou World Health Organization Quality of Life para avaliar a qualidade de vida. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos estudos apresentou delineamento transversal (68 por cento), 18 por cento foram experimentais, 8 por cento de acompanhamento prospectivo (coorte) e 5 por cento com delineamento misto (transversal e longitudinal). O questionário mais utilizado para avaliar a qualidade de vida foi o SF-36 (71 por cento) e a atividade física foi auto-reportada em 82 por cento dos estudos. Maior nível de atividade física associou-se à melhor percepção de qualidade de vida em idosos, adultos aparentemente saudáveis ou em diferentes condições de saúde. CONCLUSÕES: A associação entre atividade física e qualidade de vida é positiva e varia de acordo com o domínio analisado.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze evidences of the association between physical activity and quality of life. METHODS: Systematic literature review in three electronic databases -PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO- using the following descriptors: "physical activity," "motor activity," "exercise," "walking," "running," "physical fitness," "sport," "life style," "quality of life," "WHOQOL" and "SF." There were selected 38 studies published between 1980 and 2010 that used any instrument to measure physical activity and any version of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey or the World Health Organization Quality of Life to assess quality of life. RESULTS: Most studies reviewed were cross-sectional (68 percent), 18 percent experimental, 8 percent prospective follow-up cohort and 5 percent mixed-design (cross-sectional and longitudinal). The most widely used questionnaire to assess quality of life was SF-36 (71 percent), and physical activity was self-reported in 82 percent of the studies reviewed. Higher level of physical activity was associated with better perception of quality of life in the elderly, apparently healthy adults and individuals with different clinical conditions. CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive association between physical activity and quality of life that varies according to the domain analyzed.
OBJETIVO: Sintetizar y analizar las evidencias de la literatura sobre la asociación entre actividad física y calidad de vida. MÉTODOS: Revisión sistemática en las bases PubMed, Lilacs y SciELO con utilización de los descriptores "physical activity", "motor activity", "exercise", "walking", "running", "physical fitness", "sport", "life style", "quality of life", "WHOQOL", y "SF". Se seleccionaron 38 estudios publicados entre 1980 y 2010 que utilizaron algún instrumento de medida de la actividad física y con alguna versión de los cuestionarios Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey o World Health Organization Quality of Life para evaluar la calidad de vida. RESULTADOS: La mayoría de los estudios presentó delineamiento transversal (68 por ciento), 18 por ciento fueron experimentales, 8 por ciento de acompañamiento prospectivo (cohorte) y 5 por ciento con delineamiento mixto (transversal y longitudinal). El cuestionario más utilizado para evaluar la calidad de vida fue el SF-36 (71 por ciento) y la actividad física fue auto reportada en 82 por ciento de los estudios. El mayor nivel de actividad física se asoció con la mejor percepción de calidad de vida en ancianos, adultos aparentemente saludables o en diferentes condiciones de salud. CONCLUSIONES: La asociación entre actividad física y calidad de vida es positiva y varía de acuerdo con el dominio analizado.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Ejercicio Físico , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Percepción , Factores Sexuales , Organización Mundial de la SaludRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze evidences of the association between physical activity and quality of life. METHODS: Systematic literature review in three electronic databases -PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO- using the following descriptors: "physical activity," "motor activity," "exercise," "walking," "running," "physical fitness," "sport," "life style," "quality of life," "WHOQOL" and "SF." There were selected 38 studies published between 1980 and 2010 that used any instrument to measure physical activity and any version of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey or the World Health Organization Quality of Life to assess quality of life. RESULTS: Most studies reviewed were cross-sectional (68%), 18% experimental, 8% prospective follow-up cohort and 5% mixed-design (cross-sectional and longitudinal). The most widely used questionnaire to assess quality of life was SF-36 (71%), and physical activity was self-reported in 82% of the studies reviewed. Higher level of physical activity was associated with better perception of quality of life in the elderly, apparently healthy adults and individuals with different clinical conditions. CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive association between physical activity and quality of life that varies according to the domain analyzed.