Individualized vaginal applicator for stage IIb primary vaginal adenocarcinoma: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Primary vaginal cancer is rare and most vaginal tumors are metastatic, often arising from adjacent gynecologic structures. Primary vaginal cancers are also more common among postmenopausal women and most of these are squamous cell carcinomas, with adenocarcinomas being relatively rare. Vaginal bleeding is the most common clinical manifestation of vaginal adenocarcinoma. About 70% of vaginal adenocarcinomas are stage I lesions at the time of diagnosis, for which radical surgery is recommended. However, more advanced vaginal cancers are not amenable to radical surgical treatment and have poor clinical outcomes. Optimal treatments modes are still being explored. Here, we report a rare case of stage IIb primary vaginal adenocarcinoma for which an individually designed vaginal applicator for after-loading radiotherapy was used to achieve good tumor control. CASE SUMMARY: A 62-year-old woman presented to our clinic after 3 months of abnormal postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Gynecological examination, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography-CT showed a large mass (about 5 cm) on the anterior vaginal wall. Colposcopy biopsy confirmed adenocarcinoma of vaginal origin. After three cycles of carboplatin plus paclitaxel chemotherapy, the lesion partially shrunk. The patient then received external irradiation of 45 gray (gy) in 25 fractions, which further reduced the vaginal lesion, followed by after-loading radiotherapy of 30 gy in 5 fractions with an individually designed vaginal applicator. Three months later, magnetic resonance imaging showed a slight thickening of the anterior vaginal wall. CONCLUSION: Primary vaginal adenocarcinoma is rare, and prognosis is poor in most vaginal cancers of locally advanced stages, which cannot be treated with radical surgery. Better tumor control can be achieved with an individualized vaginal applicator that allows administration of a higher radical dose to the tumor area while protecting normal tissues.

Combined forms of Pb and its detoxification and absorption in Cladophora rupestris subcells.

This study aims to analyze the combined form, detoxification, and adsorption mechanism of Pb in Cladophora rupestris subcells. The chemical form analysis at different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 mg/L) indicated that most of the Pb (37%-76%) were integrated with oxalate and undissolved phosphate, which were important to the detoxification of C. rupestris. The characterization of Pb (0, 0.5, and 5.0 mg/L) at the subcellular was conducted via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (3D-EEM), and protein secondary structure fitting. Results revealed that Pb-polysaccharides ((C6H5)-OO-Pb-OH, C-O-Pb, and symmetric Pb-O-Pb), Pb-functional-groups ((C6H5)-COO-Pb and (C6H5)-P = O-Pb), and Pb-protein complexes (OH-C7H6-CN-Pb-COOH, C9H10-NH-CN-C = O-Pb, Pb-S-C, and Pb-S) were formed. The cell wall produced transport proteins, such as metallothionein and glutathione, which bound and helped Pb2+ enter the cell. After entering the soluble fraction, the Pb-organic acid ((C6H5)-COO-Pb, (C6H5)-O-Pb, and (C6H5)-P = O-Pb) and Pb-sulfhydryl compound (Pb-S-C/Pb-S) assumed the most important role in resisting the toxicity of Pb2+. Pb2+ was absorbed in the organelle and formed (C6H5)-C-O-Pb and (C6H5)-P = O-Pb, and complexed with protein (Pb-C-N) when treated with 5.0 mg/L Pb. Results could help understand the role of subcellular fraction in the algal adaptation to stressful heavy metal conditions.

[Comparison of skeletal structure of temporomandibular joint through cone-beam CT between Angle Classâ , â ¡1, â ¡2, â ¢ malocclusion patients with permanent dentition].

PURPOSE: To compare characteristics of temporomandibular joint and related structures according to gender and Angle Ⅰ, Ⅱ1, Ⅱ2 and Ⅲ class. METHODS: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) was performed in 123 patients with malocclusion, and three-dimensional reconstruction was performed with Mimics 19.0 software. The anterior, upper, and posterior spaces of temporomandibular joint, width and depth of acetabulum, height and horizontal angle of condyle, radius of condyle, and anteroposterior and long-axis diameter of condyle were analysed on sagittal plane. The position of condyle in the joint fossa was analyzed using Pullinger methods. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the long axis and radius of the condyles between Class Ⅰ and Ⅲ, Class Ⅰ and Ⅱ1, respectively (P<0.05). The widest acetabulum was observed in Class Ⅲ, followed by Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ1, and Ⅱ2. Moreover, the deepest acetabulum was found in Class Ⅱ2, followed by Class Ⅱ1, Ⅰ, and Ⅲ. No significant differences were detected in the left and right condyle-related structures among different temporomandibular articulation. In addition, the anterior articular space was significantly larger in Class Ⅰ patients, compared with Class Ⅱ2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences in condylar morphology, joint space, joint fossa morphology and condylar position between different Angle classifications.

An MOF-like Interpenetrated 2D Plus 2D to 3D Inorganic Grid Assembled by Linear Inorganic Pillars, Structures, and Properties in Supercapacitance.

Remarkable progresses regarding pure inorganic frameworks and metal-organic frameworks (MOF) have been made. However, pure inorganic frameworks with MOF-like grid structures are rarely reported due to the weakness of inorganic moiety as a long linear linker. We report herein a fascinating inorganic framework assembled by a [Ge4S10]4- cluster node and a linear [-Cu-MS4-Cu-] (M = Mo (1) and W (2)) inorganic pillar. Their network shows MOF-like orthogonal structure with two interpenetrated two-dimensional (2D) plus 2D to 3D framework and a 1D nano tunnel. Electrodes with crystalline sample of 1 and 2, inorganic sulfide framework, were prepared, and their quasi-capacitance behaviors were investigated. Electrochemical performances were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques in CsOH, KOH, NaOH, and LiOH electrolytes. The results revealed that the crystal materials exhibit moderate specific capacitance values that are comparable to those of porous sulfide materials.

A nano-scale triangular ring cluster of indium-selenide: the structure and templating effect.

Different from the dominating supertetrahedral structure of InSe clusters, co-assembled nano-scale In33Se60 triangular ring clusters and wheel-shaped In18Se30 clusters have been found. The unusual second-sphere coordination templating effect of the Mn(dach) complexes and the central Mn(2+) ion is responsible for the formation of the triangular ring. The optical and electronic properties are discussed.

Photo-electroactive ternary chalcogenido-indate-stannates with a unique 2-D porous structure.

A lot of ternary In-Sb-Q (Q = S, Se) chalcogenido-metalates with amines or complex cations have been recently reported for their diverse structures, however, such a type of In-Sn-Q chalcogenido-metalate has been rarely announced. Herein, we report a series of 2-D In-Sn-Q compounds prepared using a metal-phenanthroline cationic template, [M(Phen)3](In2Sn2Q8)·(amine)·nH2O (M = Ni(II), Fe(II) or Co(II); amine = cyclohexylamine (Cha) or 1,6-diaminohexane (Dah); Q = S or Se). Their anions are isostructural and a 2-D porous network with large 16-tetrahedron-rings. The 2-D network joint of In-Sn-Q is a (In/Sn)3Q3 six-membered ring, which is different from the Sn3Q4 pseudosemicube of most 2-D Sn-Q binary compounds. The materials exhibit photocurrent response properties measured using a photo-electrochemical cell. The result shows that (1) the selenides exhibit more intense photocurrents than the sulfides and (2) the current intensity is related to the metal-phenanthroline cations.

Fluorescence and energy transfer properties of heterometallic lanthanide-titanium oxo clusters coordinated with anthracenecarboxylate ligands.

Two 9-anthracenecarboxylate (9-AC) coordinated heterometallic TOC compounds, [Ln2Ti10O14(ClO4)2(O(i)Pr)14(9-AC)2(CH3CN)2]·2H2O, Ln = Nd 1() and Eu (2), along with two benzoate (bza) analogues, [Ln2Ti10O14(ClO4)2(O(i)Pr)14(bza)2(HO(i)Pr)2], Ln = Nd (3) and Eu (4), were prepared by one step in situ solvothermal synthesis, and characterized by single crystal analysis. To date, only about ten lanthanum-titanium oxo clusters have been reported. Except for two Ti28 clusters, the compounds are all small clusters (Ti ≤ 4). The cluster structures of 1-4 adopt a Ti10Ln2 core structure with pseudo-Ci symmetry, which is similar to the fundamental structure of Ti12 clusters. Furthermore, except for their structures, the properties of lanthanum-titanium oxo clusters have never been studied. Herein, the fluorescence properties of these compounds are studied in detail. The metal centered emission of Eu(III) is completely quenched by 9-AC due to the lower triplet energy of the coordinated ligand. Enhanced ligand centered fluorescence is found for 2 in comparison with that of 1.

Ion pair charge-transfer thiogermanate salts [MV]2Ge4S10·xSol: solvent induced crystal transformation and photocurrent responsive properties.

As most of the chalcogenidometalate anions are well-known electron-rich systems, design and preparation of ion pair compounds, by integrating an organic acceptor (A) with an inorganic chalcogenidometalate donor (D), are an attractive strategy to obtain new functional materials. We report herein the single-crystal structures and properties of three new ion pair charge-transfer (IPCT) compounds by incorporating thiogermanates with methylviologen (MV(2+), N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dication), [MV]2Ge4S10·xSol (Sol = solvent). Sharp and fast solvent-induced color changes and switchable fluorescence emission are observed for the compounds. The weak interactions that relate to the solvent and ions in the structures are likely the key points to modulate the cation-anion charge-transfer. A photocurrent response is observed for the photoelectric system of the IPCT compound upon repetitive switching of light on and off.